Introduction and advantage Analysis of five main types of soilless cultivation of Flowers

1. Sand culture method: a method of cultivating flowers and plants with sand, perlite, plastic or other inorganic substances less than 3 mm in diameter as the matrix and then adding nutrient solution.

two。 Gravel cultivation: a method of cultivating flowers and plants with gravel, basalt, lava, plastic or other substances less than 3 mm in diameter as substrates and nutrient solution.

3. Hydroponic culture is the earliest method used in soilless culture. it is a cultivation method that makes the roots of flowers continuously or discontinuously immersed in nutrient solution. The nutrient solution is in a state of flow in the cultivation tank to increase the content of air, generally with a depth of 10-15 cm.

4. Sawdust culture method: use medium coarse sawdust or add appropriate proportion of fine sawdust. It is better to use the sawdust of sequoia and hemlock, while others are afraid that the sawdust is poisonous and cannot be used. The cultivation bed can be constructed of coarse cedar wood, lined with black polyethylene film, with a width of about 60 cm and a depth of about 25 cm. The bottom of the bed is provided with a drainage pipe. Sawdust culture can also be carried out with sawdust in a thin film bag, with drainage holes at the bottom, and 1 or 3 flowers and plants can be cultivated according to the size of the bag. Sawdust culture generally uses drip irrigation to supply water and nutrients to plants.

5. Spray cultivation method: the root system of flower crops is suspended in the air of the cultivation trough, and the root nutrition and water are supplied by spray method, which can greatly save nutrition and water. At the same time, the oxygen supply of the root system is good, which is beneficial to the development of the root system. However, the requirement of spray is high, and its fog point should be fine and uniform.

"soilless cultivation is hydroponic culture", which is a misunderstanding of soilless cultivation. Hydroponic culture is a kind of cultivation method in soilless cultivation, which uses water as the cultivation substrate and no longer adds other cultivation substrates.

Soilless cultivation can be divided into two categories: one is substrate-free cultivation, the other is substrate-free cultivation.

In substrate-free cultivation, it can be divided into two types: hydroponic culture and spray cultivation. Substrate cultivation is also divided into two types: inorganic substrate cultivation and organic substrate cultivation.

In inorganic substrate cultivation, it can be divided into four types: granular substrate, including sand culture, gravel culture, ceramic gravel culture, foam matrix (polyethylene foam), fiber matrix, rock wool, mineral wool, and other substrates, perlite and vermiculite.

The common substrates used in organic substrate cultivation are peat, sawdust, rice husk and bark.

Compared with traditional soilless cultivation, hydroponic culture has the following advantages:

① management is simple, labor-saving and time-saving. Because the management and maintenance of hydroponic potted flowers is simple, changing water and adding nutrient solution every 3 or 4 weeks, there is no need to spray water at ordinary times, even if the amount of water evaporation is large in summer, it can be added 1 ~ 2 times a month, which is suitable for the tense life rhythm of modern people.

② is lighter. Hydroponic potted flowers can pour out most of the water when they move, making it easier to move.

③ in the air-conditioned room, hydroponic flowers grow continuously for a long time, sometimes produce new roots and leaves, grow well, and are more tolerant than the flowers cultivated in the substrate, which solves the problem of frequent flower change in the air-conditioned room.

④ has high ornamental value. Hydroponic potted flowers grow luxuriantly, the leaves are dark green, tall and straight and beautiful, the leaves are thick and shiny, and the flowers are large and colorful. Hydroponic potted flowers can not only view leaves and flowers, but also appreciate roots, which improves the ornamental value of potted flowers.