Planting time and method of broccoli

Nowadays, people are very pursuing health preservation, so some vegetable varieties with high nutritional value are becoming more and more popular, such as cabbage, purple cabbage, broccoli and so on. Today we are going to learn about the planting time and conditions of broccoli.

First, planting time

It is understood that the time for sowing and planting broccoli is usually autumn, then it grows in winter, and it can be officially listed after the Spring Festival.

II. Environmental requirements

1. Soil

In fact, broccoli is not strict about the conditions of growing soil, but it will have a certain impact if it is too fertile and barren. The soil ph value of 6 is the best, and both sandy soil and loam with good fertilizer and water retention can be used.

two。 Water content

Like to spend a lot of water, so even a short-term drought will affect its yield.

3. Light

Broccoli likes plenty of sunshine in the process of growing.

4. Temperature

The most suitable temperature for broccoli germination is 20 to 25 degrees Celsius, and the suitable temperature for seedling growth is 15 to 20 degrees Celsius. Broccoli is resistant to both heat and cold.

3. Seedling raising techniques

1. Variety selection

Broccoli belongs to vegetables that like cold and cool. Choose varieties with strong plant growth, dark green buds, few burnt buds, round flower balls, few lateral buds, small buds, large flower heads, disease resistance and heat resistance, cold tolerance and wide adaptability. such as Japanese excellent, dragon green, landscape, other varieties such as Yuguan, Oriental Lubao, Wanlu, Lvxiu or according to market demand to select all kinds of high-quality varieties, but must meet the national second-class seed standards before use.

two。 Sowing time

The double mulching cultivation in autumn was sown in early July, the overwintering cultivation in solar greenhouse was sown from late July to August, the early spring cultivation in solar greenhouse was sown from early September to early October, and the early spring cultivation in plastic greenhouse and small arch greenhouse was sown in November. Spring plastic film cultivation sowed in January.

3. Seed treatment

Soaking seeds with ①

Soak the seeds in warm water of 33 ℃ for 15 minutes, stir constantly, stop when the water temperature drops to 20 ℃, soak in warm water for another 4 hours, rinse with clean water and then sprout.

② induced budding

The soaked seeds were wrapped in wet cotton gauze and germinated at a temperature of 30 ℃. Rinse with clean water once a day and sow when 60% of the seeds are white.

4. Raising seedlings in field

① seedbed selection

The seedling stage of broccoli is short, and the seedling bed is selected in the fields with high terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation, soil rich in organic matter, no cruciferous vegetables or rice in the past two years, and the direction of the seedling bed should be north-south.

② apply sufficient base fertilizer

Turn deeply 15-20 days before sowing, 7-10 days before sowing, apply 15 kg of ternary compound fertilizer plus 5 kg of superphosphate per mu or splash 2500 kg of rotten acquaintance feces and urine to ensure the full supply of nutrients at the seedling stage, dig and rake the land, and make a seeding bed about 1.2m wide, the ratio of seedling field is 1:20-30.

③ dressing and sowing seeds

Before sowing, the seedling bed was watered once, and 1000 times phoxim and other chemicals were applied to prevent underground pests. During sowing, the treated seeds were mixed with an appropriate amount of sand and evenly sowed in the seedbed, and then suppressed with a shovel. Sprinkle a layer of medicinal soil mixed with 0.1% carbendazim and dimethazon.

④ sun shading and heat preservation

After laying a layer of sunshade net in summer, set up a small arch shed, and then cover a layer of sunshade net, carry out double-layer sunshade, moisturizing and cooling seedlings, and use a layer of plastic film and a layer of greenhouse film to cover and keep warm seedlings in winter and spring.

5. Raising seedlings with nutrient solution

Raising seedlings with nutrient solution is a better way of raising seedlings at present, which is welcomed by production and processing enterprises because of its low cost, convenient management, high seedling rate, centralized seedling supply and so on.

① matrix

Vermiculite 25%, peat 65%, perlite 10%.

② substrate stacking disinfection

After fully mixing all raw materials, use 50-100x formalin (40% formaldehyde), spray evenly on the substrate, then cover tightly with plastic film, after sealing for 4-5 days, uncover the film for ventilation, turn over the nutrient soil, so that formaldehyde can be volatilized out after 2 weeks, and need to adjust the ph of the matrix to 6.5-7, over-acid with lime adjustment, over-alkali can be neutralized with dilute hydrochloric acid.

③ sowing

Fill the hole plate with matrix and pour water thoroughly, then dig the sowing hole with a special burrowing machine, sow the seeds into the sowing hole with the seeder and cover the substrate.

The planting prospect of broccoli has become more and more good in recent years, and more people want to grow broccoli than before. To sum up the key points of broccoli cultivation, you can refer to it when you have nothing to do.