Common diseases and insect pests of family potted flowers and their control measures

I. Diseases

1. Common diseases caused by fungi infecting hosts.

Sudden fall, powdery mildew, rust, anthracnose, gray mold, downy mildew, blight, Verticillium wilt, root rot, stem rot and so on.

2. Common bacterial diseases caused by bacteria

Soft rot, bacterial spot, bacterial vascular wilt and so on.

3. Diseases caused by viruses and nematodes

Diseases caused by viruses are called viral diseases; diseases caused by nematodes are called nematodes.

2. Insect pests

1. Piercing and sucking pests

(1) piercing and sucking pests use piercing mouthparts to absorb a large amount of juice from plants.

(2) the main piercing pests are Homoptera aphids, crustaceans, whitefly, leafhoppers, mites of Acari and so on.

2. Leaf-eating pests

The main results are as follows: (1) the larvae of leaf-eating pests mainly eat the leaves, resulting in only veins or being eaten up.

(2) the main leaf-eating pests are Lepidoptera diamondback moth, diamondback moth, nocturnal moth, diamondback moth, poisonous moth, borer moth, Phoenix butterfly, pink butterfly, silk cotton venom moth, and dipteran leaf miner.

Diamondback moth: yellow diamondback moth, brown edge green diamondback moth, Chinese green diamondback moth, flat diamondback moth, mulberry brown diamondback moth, etc.

Night moth: Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera litura.

Spodoptera litura: Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera litura.

Poison moth: yellow tail poison moth, theft poison moth, tea yellow poison moth.

Borer moth: melon silk wild borer, cotton leaf borer.

Phoenix butterfly: citrus butterfly, camphor blue butterfly.

Pink butterfly: cabbage butterfly, yellow hook butterfly.

3. Branch pests

The main results are as follows: (1) it mainly harms the trunk, main branches and lateral branches of plants.

(2) the main branch pests are Coleoptera longicorn beetles, Lepidoptera coffee beetle king moth, poplar through-wing moth, bat moth and so on.

4. Underground pests

The main results are as follows: (1) the underground pests mainly damage the roots of flowers or the main stems near the surface.

(2) the underground pests are mainly beetle larval grubs, golden needle worms, Lepidoptera destination tiger, Diptera fly larvae, Orthoptera mole crickets and so on.

III. Prevention and control measures

1. Agricultural prevention and control

The main results are as follows: (1) to create a cultivation environment conducive to controlling the spread of diseases.

(2) shading measures should be taken for flowers that are afraid of bright light.

(3) to control humidity and strengthen ventilation management.

(4) selecting disease-resistant varieties and doing a good job in water and fertilizer management; timely coring, pruning, pruning and support; flowers cultivated in the open can be controlled by natural enemies.

2. Chemical control

(1) snail control: spray with 1000 times of 50% phoxim EC, or use 8% carbendazim granules, grind and add 4 times fine soil, spread evenly near the affected plants.

(2) Prevention and control of wild slugs: sprinkling raw ginger powder, or spraying the ground with concentrated salt water has a repellent effect, or sprinkling quicklime or plant ash to kill where the wild slugs move.

(3) Prevention and control of leaf miners: spray control with 1500 times of 25% Alftin EC, or 3000 times of 1.8% Alfudine EC, 2500 times of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 1500 times of 50% malathion EC, or 6000 times of 2.5% deltamethrin EC, or 1000 times of 80% dichlorvos EC.

(4) branch pest control: when adults lay eggs, the burned branches are smeared with 20% dichlorvos diesel oil to kill eggs; find the insect mouth in the faeces in time, and then insert a cotton ball soaked in 80% dichlorvos EC or 40% dimethoate EC 10-50 times to kill the larvae; during the egg incubation period, pour 1500 times of 50% phoxim EC or 48% Lesbon EC 1300 times.

(5) mole cricket control: stir-fry wheat bran, bean cake and corn crushed grains as bait, then mix well with 30 times liquid of 90% trichlorfon crystal and bait, 100g bait with 3 g (ml) liquid, sprinkle in the evening, or use 1000 times liquid of 90% trichlorfon crystal or 1000 times solution of phoxim EC to prevent and cure.

(6) ground tiger control: often remove weeds and kill larvae; 1-3 instar larvae have poor drug resistance, so they can be controlled by insecticide spray; or root control with 1000 times of 90% trichlorfon crystals or 1000 times of 50% phoxim EC.