Greenhouse Technology of Flower cultivation

I. types of greenhouses

1. The winter temperature of the high temperature greenhouse is kept above 15 ℃, which is used for cultivating tropical flowers and promoting the flowering of cultivated flowers.

two。 The winter temperature of the medium temperature greenhouse is kept at 8: 15 ℃, which is used for cultivating flowers native to tropical and subtropical contiguous areas, such as fish-tail sunflower, loose-tailed sunflower and cactus in tropical alpine desert.

3. The winter temperature of the low temperature greenhouse is kept at 5: 8 ℃ for the cultivation of flowers originally from the subtropics, such as mulberry, white orchid, jasmine and so on.

4. The winter temperature of the cold room is kept at 0: 5 ℃, which is used for overwintering of flowers of warm temperate zone, such as sweet-scented osmanthus and citrus.

Second, the equipment inside the greenhouse

1. Plant platform and planting bed plant platform is a platform for potted flowers, which is mostly used for potted flower cultivation; cultivation bed is a facility for planting flowers in greenhouse, such as carnation, African chrysanthemum, freesia and other cut flowers.

There are two forms of plant platform: platform and stage platform, the platform is permanent on the south side of the single roof greenhouse and both sides of the double roof greenhouse; in the larger greenhouse, it can also be located in the middle of the greenhouse. The height of the platform is generally 80cm and the width is 80~100cm. If there is a channel on both sides of the middle, its width is 150~200cm. The stage is often set on the north side of the single-roof greenhouse and in the middle of the double-roof greenhouse. Class table can make full use of greenhouse space, good ventilation, uniform light, but inconvenient management, suitable for ornamental greenhouse and specimen preservation, not suitable for large-scale production and application.

The plant platform can be divided into wood, iron frame wood and concrete, the first two kinds of table are made of wood, if only potted flowers are placed, they can be paved with wood boards of wide 6~15cm and thick 3cm, the gap between the two boards should be left to facilitate drainage, and the height of the bed is lower than that of the short wall about 20cm.

The planting bed refers to the facilities cultivated in the greenhouse or on the alpine ground, the former is called the ground bed and the latter is called the high bed, the side of which is composed of bricks or concrete, in which soil is added.

two。 Breeding bed

In the single roof greenhouse and inequality greenhouse, the breeding bed is located in the north wall, because it is mostly used for cutting, the light should not be too strong; generally, the bed width is about 100cm, deep 40~50cm, with glass windows on the top, and the lower part is completely closed to the heating pipe, so as not to reduce the temperature, the bottom of the bed is made of cement brick, and the lower part is apart from the heating pipe 40~50cm. Now more electric hot line heating is used.

3. Pools and tanks

The temperature of water used for greenhouse flower irrigation should be close to room temperature. Therefore, the irrigation water must be stored in the indoor pool in advance to increase the temperature. It is usually poured into the pool the day before and can be used the next day. The pool is generally located under the plant stage, or on the north side of the greenhouse. The shape of the pool is uncertain, but mostly square and rectangular, and the pool is made of bricks and cement. Depth and size vary, depending on water demand, generally about 100cm, such as tap water can be used, the water tank can be installed in the high place, the first day to store water in the water tank, using a rubber tube for irrigation is more convenient. In addition to water supply, the pool can also increase air humidity. The cultivation of ferns, tropical orchids, begonia and other flower species that require high air humidity in the greenhouse can expand the area of the ground pool and increase the air humidity.

The easiest way to heat a greenhouse is to heat the indoor air with a flue passing through the ground or through a smoke pipe over the room, followed by a hot water pipe and a few steam pipes.