Prevention and Control measures of Diseases and insect pests of Flower seedlings in Winter

As the temperature gradually decreases, most of the flower seedlings will enter the overwintering (or dormancy) state in various ways. During this period, all kinds of pests were basically inactive and mobile, which was a good season for pest control. Practice proves that the effect of winter control is directly related to the occurrence of pests and diseases in the next year. If the winter control measures are effective, the occurrence and damage degree of pests and diseases in the next year can be greatly reduced, and the effect of twice the effort can be achieved.

I. Cleaning up the nursery

Most of the pathogens (bacteria) or overwintering eggs of flower seedling diseases and insect pests overwinter in the litter or weeds in the nursery, and then come out when the conditions are suitable in the coming year. Therefore, in winter, the litter and weeds in the nursery will be completely removed and destroyed, and the sanitary conditions will be improved, which can greatly reduce the sources of various diseases and pests. This has significant effect on controlling anthracnose, powdery mildew, rust, red spider and moth of rose, chrysanthemum, begonia and willow.

2. Cut off branches and leaves with diseases and insect pests

Winter pruning is one of the important links in nursery management. In combination with winter pruning, focus on cutting off branches and leaves with diseases and pests, such as eggs on flowers and trees such as roses and roses, scale insects on poplar, willow and flowering shrubs. The cut branches and leaves with diseases and pests shall be cleaned up in time and transported out of nursery for centralized destruction treatment.

III. Deep ploughing in winter

Deep ploughing in winter can cause mechanical damage to larvae, pupae and eggs of underground pests lurking in the soil, such as grubs, ground tigers and mole crickets. After being exposed to the surface, they can be pecked by natural enemies such as birds. If necessary, artificial killing can be adopted. In addition, deep ploughing can bury the pathogens in the surface layer of the soil into the deep soil layer, and the pathogens in the deep soil layer are turned to the ground, destroying the suitable environment for pests and diseases, and effectively controlling the occurrence of pests and diseases.

IV. White protection

Branches coated with white can not only effectively prevent winter flowers and trees from freezing injury, improve the disease resistance of flowers and trees, but also destroy the overwintering sites of pests and diseases, playing a dual role in both freezing and killing insects. Especially in the bark of winter mites, such as the role of scale better. Special attention should be paid to the fact that quicklime must be fully digested, otherwise it will easily cause burns after being applied to the branches of flowers and trees.

V. Drug control

Since most of the pests are dormant in winter, winter drug control measures can be adopted for those pests that are difficult to control in the occurrence season. For example, 50-100 times of oil emulsion can be sprayed to control scale insects, and spraying 1% Bordeaux mixture 2-3 times in late winter can play a good role in controlling pear rust, rose black spot and other diseases.