Prevention of Diseases and insect pests of Edible Fungi by multiple methods

Edible fungus cultivation of diseases and insect pests can not be saved, so preventing the occurrence of edible mushroom diseases and insect pests in advance has become a major point, the following four points are the best control methods of edible mushroom diseases.

1. Cut off the transmission of diseases and insect pests. There are three sources of diseases and insect pests in edible mushroom cultivation: first, bacteria carry insects, with disease sources; second, culture materials and covered soil carry insects and disease sources; third, natural transmission inside and outside mushroom houses (sheds). Cutting off these three transmission channels is the top priority of integrated pest control.

two。 Environmental control to reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. 1. Reduce the material temperature: if the material temperature of Pleurotus ostreatus is controlled below 21 ℃, walnut fleshy bacteria can be effectively controlled, the temperature of Flammulina velutipes is below 20 ℃, and the bag pollution of Pleurotus ostreatus can be prevented under 20 ℃. two。 Strengthen ventilation and ventilation. Ventilation is the best way to disinfect the air. Do not create a stuffy mushroom environment. Not ventilating will do more harm than good. 3. Light adjustment. Different varieties have different illuminance requirements. For example, Pleurotus ostreatus should be darker, while Pleurotus ostreatus should be stronger.

3. Agronomic control measures. Different soils have different microflora and different ecological environments have different biological communities. Practice shows that the cultivation of soil shed is generally good in the first year and poor in two years, and the reason is that the ecological environment of the soil shed is getting worse and worse, that is to say, there are more germs, more insect pests, and poor air quality. For this reason, we must improve the ecological conditions, optimize the mushroom environment, reduce and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.

4. Chemical control. Chemical control is generally used in preventive measures, and the use of chemical control is prohibited during mushroom production, as the tissue structure of the fruiting body is prone to residual poison, affecting food and export. Therefore, the use of chemical control is prohibited during mushroom production, even if it has to be used, it can only be sprayed before mushroom production, and it is best to use plant preparations, matrine and so on.

According to the cultivation characteristics of edible fungi, the comprehensive control of edible fungus diseases and insect pests is a good method.

If you want to ensure the high yield of sweet cherries in winter, it is a key to prevent night frost. Because the sweet cherry sprouts and blossoms earlier than other fruit trees, especially the temperature rises faster and higher in spring in recent years, the flowering period of sweet cherry is earlier, so the late frost poses a serious threat to the flowering period and young fruit of sweet cherry. Therefore, the prevention of night frost is an important measure to ensure the high and stable yield of sweet cherries.

The main results are as follows: (1) according to the requirements of the environmental conditions of sweet cherry, the land which is not easy to frost should be selected when planning and building the garden. At the same time, for the areas where late frost is easy to occur, the excellent varieties with sprouting, late flowering and strong frost resistance can be selected to develop sweet cherry.

(2) strengthen the management of fertilizer and water in orchard, especially apply base fertilizer early in autumn, control early defoliation disease and protect leaves, so as to enhance tree nutrition reserve and improve frost resistance.

(3) watering in the garden before sprouting to flowering can delay flowering for 5 days by lowering the ground temperature. The canopy is sprayed with big branches and smeared with 10% limewater to reflect sunlight and lower the temperature to delay flowering for 2 Mel for 3 days.