Control of walnut fleshy fungus in edible fungi

Walnut fleshy fungus (Diehliomycesmicropours), also known as calf encephalopathy and pseudotruffle, mainly damages mushrooms.

The main results are as follows: (1) the symptoms of damage mostly occur in the material surface and soil layer before and after soil mulching, the short and dense white hyphae emerge first, and then form a walnut-shaped ascomycete, which is born in the soil-covered appearance and material layer. compete with mushrooms for nutrients and hinder the formation of mushroom fruiting bodies. The ascospores mature, and the ascomycetes break and release a large number of ascospores. When the bacteria occurs in the mushroom strain bottle, there will be the smell of bleach in the bottle.

(2) the morphological characteristics of hyphae are white and stout, septate and branched. Ascomycetes are composed of hyphae, dense, with veins and gaps, shaped in the shape of walnut meat or cow brain, irregular wrinkles in appearance, milky white dots at first, gradually become irregular blocks, and dark red when mature. The ascomycetes in the ascomycetes are ovate to globose and irregularly arranged, containing 8 ascospores, which are colorless and nearly spherical.

(3) the occurrence law mainly exists in the soil and enters the mushroom bed with the help of site, culture material, covering soil or bacteria. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth, ascospore germination and pH for mycelial growth, ascospore germination and pH were 26 ℃, 24 ℃ and 4 respectively. 5Murray 7. 5. High temperature and high humidity are beneficial to the occurrence of the bacteria. Ascospores are resistant to high temperature, and the high temperature of post-fermentation has no killing effect on spores. If the temperature of mushroom house is controlled below 18 ℃, the occurrence of this disease can be avoided.

(4) the control methods solemnly check the bacteria to avoid carrying bacteria; a fermentation must be carried out on the cement ground to avoid bacteria pollution; pay attention to the ventilation of the mushroom room, after the mushroom bed is sick, the bed stagnates to spray water, after the soil is slightly dry, dig out the ascomycetes, reduce the room temperature to less than 16 ℃, and then according to the routine management, the mushrooms can still produce normally.