Pollution-free food: safety technical requirements of edible fungus cultivation substrate and identification of edible fungus diseases

1 range

This standard specifies the safety technical requirements for water, main materials, auxiliary materials and soil covering for pollution-free edible fungi culture medium, as well as the types and methods of chemical additives, fungicides and pesticides.

This standard applies to all kinds of cultivation substrates for cultivating edible fungi.

2 normative references

The clauses in the following documents become clauses of this standard by reference to this standard. All subsequent amendments (excluding corrigenda) or revisions of dated references are not applicable to this standard. However, parties to agreements under this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of using the latest versions of these documents. For undated references, the latest edition applies to this standard.

GB5749 Sanitary standard for drinking water

GB15618 Soil environmental quality standard

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions are used in this standard.

3.1

The main raw material of the culture medium is carbon nutrient substance which accounts for a large proportion in the culture medium. Such as sawdust, cottonseed hulls, crop straws and so on.

3.2

A substance with low proportion, high nitrogen content and used to adjust the C/N ratio of culture medium. Such as sugar, bran, cake fertilizer, livestock manure, soybean flour, corn flour and so on.

3.3

An agent, including a disinfectant, used to kill or inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms.

3.4

A culture medium that has not been fermented or sterilized.

4 calls for

4.1 Water shall comply with GB5749.

4.2 main material

hardwood sawdust except eucalyptus, camphor, locust tree, chinaberry and other harmful substances-containing tree species; sawdust of coniferous tree species naturally accumulated for more than six months; straw, wheat straw, corn cob, sorghum straw, cottonseed hull, waste cotton, cotton straw, bean straw, peanut straw, peanut shell, bagasse and other crop straw husks; sugar aldehyde residue, distiller's grains, vinegar tank. Requirements fresh, clean, dry, insect-free, mildew-free, odor-free.

4.3 excipients

Wheat bran, rice sugar, cake fertilizer (meal), corn flour, soybean flour, livestock manure, etc. Requirements fresh, clean, dry, insect-free, mildew-free, odor-free.

4.4 earthing material

4.4.1 Peat soil, peat soil.

4.4.2 loam

Comply with the provisions of GB15618 for Class II standard value in 4.

4.5 chemical additives

See Appendix A.

4.6 substrate treatment

The cultivation substrate of edible fungi shall be sterilized, and the sterilized substrate shall be sterile; pesticides shall not be added.

4.7 other requirements

See Appendix B.

Appendix A

(Informative Appendix)

Types, efficacy, dosage and application methods of chemical additives commonly used in edible mushroom cultivation substrates

The types, efficacy, dosage and application methods of chemical additives commonly used in edible mushroom cultivation substrates are shown in Table A.1.

Table A.1 Types, efficacy, dosage and application methods of chemical additives commonly used in edible mushroom cultivation substrates

Additive types, methods of use and dosage

Urea supplements nitrogen source nutrition, 0.1%~0.2%, evenly mixed into the cultivation substrate

Ammonium sulfate supplements nitrogen source nutrition, 0.1%~0.2%, evenly mixed into the cultivation substrate

Ammonium bicarbonate supplements nitrogen source nutrition, 0.2%~0.5%, evenly mixed into the cultivation substrate

Calcium cyanamide (lime nitrogen) supplements nitrogen source and calcium, 0.2%~0.5%, evenly mixed into the cultivation substrate

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate supplements phosphorus and potassium, 0.05%~0.2%, evenly mixed into the cultivation substrate

Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate supplements phosphorus and potassium, the dosage is 0.05%~0.2%, evenly mixed into the cultivation substrate

Lime supplements calcium and has bacteriostatic effect. 1%~5% is evenly mixed into the cultivation substrate.

Gypsum supplements calcium and sulfur, 1%~2%, evenly mixed into the cultivation substrate

Calcium carbonate supplements calcium, 0.5%~1%, evenly mixed into the culture medium

Appendix B

(Informative Appendix)

chemicals that are not allowed.

B.1 Highly toxic pesticides

According to the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Pesticides, highly toxic and highly toxic pesticides shall not be used in vegetable production, edible fungi as a class of vegetables shall also be fully referred to and implemented, and shall not be added to the culture medium. Highly toxic pesticides are 3911, Su Hua 203, 1605, methyl 1605, 1059, fenitrocarb, monocrotophos, fosfamide, methamidophos, isopropyl phosphorus, trichlorothion, omethoate, zinc, aluminum phosphide, cyanide, furan, fluoroacetamide, arsenic, chlordimeform, silysan, cyclamen, chloropicrin, sodium pentachlorophenol, dichlorobromopropane, 401 and so on.

B.2 Mixed matrix additives

Mixed matrix additives containing plant growth regulators or unclear ingredients.

B.3 Plant growth regulators