Control techniques of common diseases and insect pests of seedlings and flowers in autumn, and what preparations should be made before flower seeds are sown?

High temperature and dry season is the high incidence season of flower spot disease and powdery mildew.

Spot disease is caused by fungi, including black spot, uncovered spot and red spot, which often occur in leaves and fruits. In the early stage of the disease, round patches of different sizes appeared on the leaves or fruits, faded to yellow, and there was a clear outline on the outer edge. Spots often appear mildew layer or small black spots, and the disease part is necrotic in the later stage.

Powdery mildew is also caused by powdery mildew in fungi, which often occurs on leaves, young fruits and young branches. The disease spot is almost round, and a thin layer of powder appears on it. In the later stage, there are many needle-sized yellow-brown particles scattered on the layer of powder. After removing the powdery layer, the yellow spot disease of the injured plant tissue can be seen. Rose and dahlias are easy to suffer from this disease.

The fundamental way to prevent and cure the above diseases is to pay attention to P-hygiene, thoroughly remove the source of the disease, and remove the dead branches and leaves inside and outside the flowerpot, balcony and courtyard at any time. If you plant a large number of flowers, you can use 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500-ION) double liquid spray disinfection. Families who plant peony, peony, chrysanthemum and carnation can also spray 120-160 times the same amount of Bordeaux every 10 days to prevent peony red spot, carnation leaf spot and chrysanthemum brown spot.

In addition, it is also an effective way to apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to flowers and trees to enhance disease resistance. At the same time, insect pests such as aphids, tarantulas and whiteflies are also easy to occur at this time and should be checked one by one. As soon as you find it, capture it carefully with your hands. When ht is large, spray dimethoate and omethoate to kill.

Before exploring autumn flowers and trees into the room, it is more necessary to check A pot by pot and branch by branch. If there are shell worm eggs on the branches, scrape them off with bamboo slices immediately. Aphids are larger. It is easy to find. And the red spider is very small, and mostly on the back of the leaf, not easy to detect. Therefore, check the back of the leaves one by one. If you find a small white spot, spray it with dimethoate immediately, or wash it with tobacco extract (about 20 cigarette butts, soak in a bowl of water, soak for 24 hours, and add some soapy water or washing powder). Rinse with clean water after washing.

If everything is normal, such as fertilizer, water, etc., but the plant seems to be growing poorly, it should be suspected whether there are insect pests in the soil. The most simple and effective way is to turn the basin to check to see if there are any soil silkworms, ants, and so on in the soil, and if so, they should be caught in time. When turning the basin. It also has a good disinfection and insecticidal effect by mixing some Velan in the soil (a flowerpot with a diameter of 20 cm, using about a small plastic spoon), or using 2 pieces of "Bai Hua Ling" tablets sold in the store and crushing them into the soil.

At this time, it needs to be pointed out that the family flower cultivation of diseases and insect pests should be checked frequently, early detection, timely prevention and control, as far as possible hi manual killing or water washing method. When pesticides must be used, non-toxic and low-toxic pesticides should be used as far as possible, and indoor spraying of pesticides is absolutely prohibited.

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