Prevention and Control of Diseases and insect pests of Edible Fungi, New Raw material of dried Rice Straw Edible Fungi

1. straw treatment: dry and mildew-free old straw is selected as raw material for straw mushroom planting. After the straw is exposed to the sun for 2 to 3 days in sunny days during the proper period of straw mushroom planting, the straw is wound into an 8-shaped straw bundle according to 0.5 kg, and soaked in 2 to 3 percent lime water for 5 to 8 hours. Remove, drain and pile for fermentation. When the temperature rises to 60~70℃, the stack is turned over, and when the central temperature of the stack rises to 60~70℃, the stack is turned over again. The fermentation period is 5~7 days, and the stack is turned twice to make the straw soft. Fermented straw texture is soft, a pull that is broken, taste fragrance, not sour smell, was tea brown.

2. Comparative study of strain formula: Through comparative study of 5 different formulas of first-class strain, it is concluded that the formula with glucose has the best mycelium growth. The best formula was selected through comparative study of four formulas of secondary and tertiary strains: wheat grain 9kg, decomposed manure 1kg, gypsum powder 0.1kg, lime powder 0.01kg, water proper, PH value 7.5. After bottling, 15g decomposed animal manure was covered on each bottle. According to this formula mycelium growth best.

Third, paving sowing: paving every 60 cm to leave 4-5 cm open space for filling, each square meter of materials about 12 kg, one-time paving. The wheat seed is used, the seed quantity is about 10% of the dry material, the hole seeding is carried out at a distance of 5 cm ×5 cm, and then one layer is broadcast on the material surface. Finally, when the temperature is above 20℃ after the inoculation with wood plate pressure, the bacteria should be checked on the third day. If the material temperature in the film exceeds 28℃, ventilation can be carried out at night. Do not frequently remove the film for ventilation, so as not to cause mold pollution. As long as there is water flowing in the ditch in the ridge, there will generally be no high temperature. If miscellaneous bacteria pollution is found, 50 grams of caustic soda can be dissolved in 1 kg of water, injected into the contaminated area and periphery for 1 week with a syringe, which has certain prevention and control effect, or lime powder can be used to cover the contaminated area. Flat compaction, covered with film, covered with straw fungus.

Fourth, mushroom management: pay attention to temperature changes after sowing, control the stack temperature below 32℃ within 2 weeks, prevent high temperature burning bacteria, generally do not uncover the film. From the 2nd week after sowing, aeration was conducted once every 3 days. The method is to stir the plastic film a few times, so that excess carbon dioxide gas exhaust, then cover. At the 4th week after sowing, thick white hypha and strong mushroom fragrance could be seen. When yellow water drops appear on the surface of the material, it indicates that the mycelium has been developed and the mushroom can be produced (25~30 days). At this time, temperature difference stimulation and light stimulation should be increased, and a large number of buds can be produced after a few days. When the mushroom bud cap grows to 1 cm, spray water into the air every day to maintain the relative humidity of the air at 85%~95%. It takes 5~7 days from budding to harvesting, and the spores are harvested and sold before ejection.