Understand the cultivation techniques of edible fungi and the control methods of common pests of edible fungi in winter

Edible fungi do not strictly require wet conditions in the mycelial growth stage, but when mushrooms or ears are produced, the relative humidity in the environment needs to be more than 85%, and suitable temperature, ventilation and light are needed. For example, mushrooms, Lentinus edodes, Flammulina velutipes, Flammulina velutipes and Tricholoma matsutake are suitable to produce mushrooms in spring and autumn or in low temperature areas (about 15 ℃), while straw mushrooms, fungus and Phoenix tail mushrooms are suitable to bear fruit in summer or high temperature in tropical and subtropical regions.

However, in the early winter, the temperature difference widened, which made the pests outside the mushroom shed enter the shed one after another, which aggravated the difficulty of prevention and control. In actual production, many mushroom farmers do not pay attention to prevention, but once insect pests occur, they use a large number of chemicals to kill them quickly, and the results are often difficult to be satisfactory.

Physical prevention: because there are live insects or eggs in the raw materials, do not sow seeds directly with raw materials, at least use them after fermentation treatment, and it is best to adopt clinker cultivation or seed production. Strictly check whether the bacteria are infected with worms, and carefully check the purchased strains before transfer to prevent the phenomenon of worm-carrying inoculation. The vents of the mushroom shed and the entrance and exit of the mushroom shed are encapsulated with anti-insect nets to prevent adults from flying in. Spread lime barriers at vents and entrances and exits to prevent reptiles from entering.

Drug prevention: 1. When mixing, phoxim and other drugs are added, the dosage is generally about 100ml per 1000 kg of dry material, and can be added with the mixture during the cultivation of raw materials. the best time for the cultivation of fermented materials is to be added before turning the pile for the last time, after high temperature and stuffy heap. the insecticidal effect is ideal.

two。 Within a certain distance outside the shed, after cleaning up the waste, highly effective insecticidal drugs, such as trichlorfon, can be used to kill insects and cut off the source of pests.

3. Outside the shed and the vents, entrances and exits of the shed, cypermethrin drugs with high efficiency and low residue were sprayed to prevent reptiles from entering the shed.

4. In the mushroom shed, cypermethrin and other drugs can be sprayed to kill insects, avermectin is used to kill mites, mushroom mosquitoes and mushroom flies can be repelled if possible.