Seed treatment of sunflower before sowing

Sunflower seed coating is that the seed coating agent containing a certain proportion of insecticidal, sterilization, micronutrient elements, plant growth regulators, sustained-release agents and film-forming agents is evenly coated on the seed surface to form a solid film. With the germination, germination, emergence and growth of seeds, the effective components in the coating were gradually released and absorbed by the plant roots to all parts of the seedlings, so that the seedlings played a good role in the prevention and control of pathogens and pests.

1. The function of coating agent

(1) it can promote the growth and development of sunflower plants: the seeds treated with seed coating agent can effectively control sunflower seedling diseases and insect pests, the seedling emergence rate is fast, the seedling preservation rate is up to 95%, the seedling growth is exuberant, and the root system is developed, so that the seedlings are uniform and strong, promote the growth and development of sunflower, and increase the yield of sunflower.

(2) Environmental pollution can be reduced: seed coating is used to change the mode of spraying at seedling stage from open spraying to concealed spraying, which generally does not need spraying control 40-50 days after sowing, so as to postpone spraying time and reduce spraying times and dosage, so as to avoid air pollution and reduce the chance of human and animal poisoning.

(3) save seed and self-medicine, reduce cost: the quality of coated seed is good, precision sowing can be carried out, and the habit of large sowing quantity in traditional agriculture can be changed. The relative reduction in the number of medication can also alleviate the shortage of labor force when farmers are busy.

2. Coating method

When seed coating, the seeds should be carefully selected and the seed water content should be strictly controlled. A large number of seeds should be coated with a seed coating machine. If there is no coating machine or the seed quantity is small, the manual coating method can be used.

(1) large bottle coating method: put a certain amount of seeds into a large bottle, generally occupying up to 1 / 2 of the space in the bottle, then put the seed coating agent in proportion, then seal and shake quickly, until the agent is uniformly attached to the seed surface, poured out and dried.

(2) plastic bag method: with a large plastic bag of good quality, pour a certain amount of seeds and seed coating agent into the bag, tie up the mouth of the bag, and turn them quickly until the medicine is well mixed and wrapped on the surface of the seed, pour it out and dry.

(3) Pot or pot coating method: first fix the pot or pot, proportionally weigh the seeds and seed coating agent into the pot or basin, turn it quickly with a shovel, mix well, remove and dry.

Timely sowing is a key technical measure to make effective use of soil moisture and ensure the normal maturity of crops, which is particularly important in dry and early semi-arid areas.

1. Select improved varieties

Improved varieties are one of the important factors to improve crop yield per unit area. Edible sunflower varieties cultivated in suitable areas have the characteristics of high quality, high yield and strong stress resistance. Compared with other varieties, the yield increases by 18.1% to 32.5%, and the seeds are full and pure in color.

2. Seed treatment

(1) trial bud

Germination test was carried out 7-10 days before sowing in order to determine the sowing amount.

(2) seed drying

Drying seeds for 2-3 days before sowing can reduce moisture, enhance the air permeability of seed coat, enhance the activity of enzymes in seeds, increase the germination rate, and achieve fast germination and uniform seedling emergence.

3. Seed soaking and budding

Soaking seeds and accelerating germination can shorten the time of absorbing water and swell after sowing, emerge seedlings early, reduce the harm of soil pathogens, and achieve seedling evenness and sturdiness. Soak the seeds with 20-25 ℃; soak the seeds in warm water for 10-12 hours, remove and control the dry moisture, when the available zinc in the soil is less than 0.5mg/kg, soak the seeds with 20-fold zinc treasure solution; after soaking the seeds, put them in a 18-22 ℃ room covered with soaked sacks, even if the seeds can be exposed for 24 hours, dry the buds for 3-4 hours to sow seeds. Through the above seed treatment, the whole seedling can be guaranteed, the seed can be saved, and the seedling can emerge 1-3 days earlier at the same time.

Time: 2019-06-12 Click: