Propagation methods of Paeonia lactiflora

Peony can also be regarded as a kind of precious flower, which is similar to peony, but different. Peony is called the king of flowers, peony is called the phase of flowers, and the cultivation of peony is more common than peony. Paeonia lactiflora is a perennial perennial flower, which is native to northern China. At present, there are wild species in Qinling Mountains, Dabie Mountains and other places. There are more than a thousand species in the world, and there are about 180 species in China. So, how do peony flowers reproduce?

The traditional propagation methods of Paeonia lactiflora are sowing, water culture, plant division, cutting, striping, tissue culture and so on, of which the most commonly used is plant propagation.

1. Sowing method

Sow in autumn and take root in the same year. Before sowing, pick ripe seeds and even sow them. After sowing, the seeds are covered with a layer of fine sand, which is often kept moist, and the seedlings grow so slowly that it takes 3-4 years for plants that take root to blossom.

The fruit of Paeonia lactiflora is peony, and each peony contains 1-7 seeds. When the seeds are ripe, the oysters crack and spread the seeds. When the follicles turn yellow, they can be harvested, the seeds are not hot prematurely, and the seed coat blackens and hardens at a later time.

Sowing propagation should be sowed immediately after the seeds are ripe, and the later the sowing is, the lower the germination rate is. The seeds of Paeonia lactiflora had the phenomenon of Hypocotyl dormancy, which took root in the autumn after sowing, and the bud was not unearthed until the next spring was warm. The growth of seedlings is slow, some buds do not blossom until 3-4 years old, and others do not bloom until 5-6 years.

2. Aquaculture

The aquaculture method can be used at 18 ℃-28 ℃ at room temperature. Aquaculture can last for 4-7 days, and can be taken out and inserted into a vase when budding.

3. Split-plant method

It is appropriate to plant from late September to early October. Dig up the roots, shake down the soil, cut them with a knife, make each root cluster have 2-3 buds, preferably 3-5 buds, and then plant the ramet roots in the prepared nursery. If the ramet root cluster is large (with 3-5 buds), there may be flowers in the second year, but the shape is small, so it is better to remove to make the plant grow well. Roots from small (2-3 buds), poor growth or no flowering in the second year, usually cultured for 2-5 years.

The ramet time should be from late September to early October, and should not be carried out in spring. The best time for ramets varies with different climatic conditions, and the basis for determining ramets is that when the leaves of Paeonia lactiflora begin to blacken at the end of autumn, the whole peony can be excavated and ramets can be carried out.

First dig out the roots of the mother plant, dry for one day, and then cut the roots according to the natural shape of the roots of peony, with 4-5 buds in each clump. Apply a little sulfur powder to the root cut to prevent bacteria from invading, and then dry for 1-2 days to plant respectively.

There is still a long time from ramet planting to soil freezing, during which the newly planted peony can grow new roots and absorb sufficient water and nutrients to accumulate in the plant, which is beneficial to the growth of the whole plant in the coming year. Another way of propagation is sowing and reproduction: when the peony seeds mature in August, the fruit will crack and should be sowed with picking or preserved in wet sand. The sowing land should choose sandy soil with good drainage, leeward and sunny direction, and rich in humus.

4. Cutting method

Select a high-lying, well-drained nursery as a cutting bed, after the bed soil is loosened, spread 15 cm thick river sand, and the river sand should be disinfected with 0.5% potassium permanganate. The cutting substrate can also be vermiculite or perlite. Build a 1.5-meter-high sunshade on the bed. According to the experience of Changchun and other places, the effect of cutting cuttings in mid-July is the best. The cuttings are 10-15 cm long. With two nodes, the last compound leaf, leaving a little leaf; the next compound leaf, even petiole cut off, with a concentration of 500 × 10 ~ 1000 × 10 naphthalene acetic acid or indole acetic acid solution quickly dipped in cuttings, cutting depth of about 5 cm, the spacing between leaves do not overlap each other.

Pour water after insertion, and then cover the plastic shed. It is observed that the rooting effect is the best when the substrate temperature is 2830 ℃ and the humidity is 50%. If the temperature is 20: 25 ℃ and the humidity is 80% 90% in the cutting shed, it can take root and form dormant buds 20-30 days after cutting. After taking root, the amount of water spraying and watering should be reduced, and the plastic shed and sunshade should be removed gradually. The cuttings grow slowly and need to be covered with soil on the bed to survive the winter, and then moved to the open field for planting the following spring.

Cutting method can be root cutting or stem cutting. The root insertion method is to cut off the roots of Paeonia lactiflora in autumn, cut them into 5-10 cm root segments, and insert them into deep-turned and flat ditches with a depth of 10-15 cm, covered with fine soil 5-10 cm thick, and watered thoroughly. In autumn, the roots can be collected and cut into 5-10 cm segments and buried in 10-15 cm deep soil. In the stem insertion method, about two weeks before flowering, the middle part of the stem is made up of two sections, and the cuttings are inserted into the sandy soil of the hotbed for about an inch and a half, requiring shade and frequent watering. One and a half to two months later, they can take root and form dormant buds.

5. Strip pressing method

In spring, the young buds unearthed soon after they are unearthed will pass through the pots of the flowerpots and be introduced into the flowerpots with a diameter of 15cm to 20cm. They will gradually fill the soil with growth, keep the potted soil moist, take root in summer, and cut off the stems under the pots before winter to form a potted peony.

6. Modern tissue culture method

Plant tissue culture, that is, plant aseptic culture technology, is based on the theory that plant cells are totipotent, using isolated organs, tissues or cells of Paeonia lactiflora (such as roots, stems, leaves, etc.). Callus, adventitious buds and adventitious roots were induced under the conditions of aseptic and suitable artificial medium, light and temperature, and finally formed a complete plant with the same heredity as the mother. This technology, also known as cloning technology, achieves the purpose of rapid propagation and has the value of wide application.

Time: 2019-06-11 Click: