Lingnan bonsai plastic arts

Lingnan bonsai is one of the excellent traditional arts of the Han nationality and a treasure of garden art. It came into being in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the unique style was formed after the founding of the people's Republic of China. Bonsai is planted in Guangzhou as the center throughout the Pearl River Delta and south-central Guangxi. Guangzhou bonsai is an important part of Lingnan bonsai.

People in Lingnan, especially in Guangzhou, love bonsai, and planting bonsai has become a part of people's life. Bonsai is planted and arranged in many families' rooftops, balconies, living rooms and study rooms, so as to beautify the environment and adjust life. Lingnan bonsai is often used in Shiwan colored pottery pots, such as disc, square basin, polygonal basin, oval basin, long enterprise, tall body basin and so on. Pay attention to water absorption and ventilation, color harmony, moderate size, simple and elegant. There are several landing type and shelf type, more use of mahogany and other more valuable wood production, so that it is coordinated and harmonious, set off each other.

Bonsai is a living art, any kind of modeling will not be absolute, there should be change and development. The following is the Lingnan bonsai plastic art which has been explored for a long time and recognized by the industry on the basis of absorbing the natural scenery and according to the principle of traditional Chinese painting. For your reference only!

1. Cliff type-the shape of the cliff should give people a feeling of being upright and patting the sky. We should pay attention to "ups and downs and potential", that is, no matter from any angle of the space, we have to see that the trunk bends and extends in different directions; the trunk hangs downward, and the tree head and root clench the edge of the basin; the extension of the trunk should be smooth, section by section shrinking, and there should be a strong sense of rhythm; the end of the tree should be alive, the branch support position is appropriate, and the size proportion is reasonable. Most of the branch types are chicken claw branches, with natural branches between them.

2. water shadow type-the impression that Gu Yingsheng gives people, or a clear spring, a bay of lake water, or a small river with clear ripples, with big trees firmly rooted in the banks and treetops lying on the water surface, looking for self-pity with the water as a mirror. The shape is mainly to imitate the recumbent trees on the bank of the river. the roots always grow to one side and are connected with the roots, and the "dragging sand" of the root revealing the mud surface counterweights the tree. The crown had better have a large floating branch, and the branch method should be refined, facing the water and floating the Buddha, reflecting with the trunk. The matching of the branches should have the feeling of swaying and creating wind. The branch type mainly uses deer horn branch, chicken claw branch, floating branch and natural branch and so on.

3, kapok type-through the sky a tree red cotton pull towering, proud shore vigorous, twig knot hovering, potential such as long Fen. If unmodified to use the technique of shrinking the dragon into an inch, there will be no artistic conception, and we must carefully depict the vigorous, vigorous and sturdy of the red cotton tree. The trunk of the red cotton tree should be straight and straight, the head of the tree should be large and more "board roots", the tail of the tree should be reduced gradually, and the top of the tree should be flat, either single or double trunk. In the branch method, we should pay attention to the method of striving for concessions, look forward to affection, length and length, and extend smoothly.

4. Single-stem enterprise tree type-rising up in the barren mountains and wilderness, it is common to see a kind of big tree that stands upright against the wind and beside the mountain. Although it is no more vigorous than the red cotton, there is no lack of Gangyang spirit. This is the single enterprise tree. The modeling feature of the single-stem tree is that there is no "opposite branch", the position of the branch support has no obvious rules, the proportion of size should be basically appropriate, but it does not have to be sorted completely according to the column, and it is necessary to deliberately match one or two falling branches or drooping branches to make the shape appear more lively. The branch type is often used as chicken claw branch, parallel branch and drooping branch.

The bonsai style of Lingnan School refers to the bonsai style in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and Hong Kong. Its characteristic is that the bonsai is natural and vigorous, and it mostly uses the pruning-based modeling method of "cutting dry branches and storing branches" to make the branches smooth and elegant and bold, so as to achieve the artistic effect of evacuation and tightness. Cultivate the shaped bonsai, arbitrarily cut a branch, can meet an independent bonsai modeling standard, after the removal of leaves, the shape is more beautiful. The common materials of Lingnan bonsai are: banyan elm Fujian tea park tree Jiuli fragrance June snow triangle plum sparrow plum and so on.

Here I mainly introduce the types of pruning.

[deer horn branch]

The main branch is relatively thin and long, and there is little difference between nodes. The angle between the main branch and the trunk and the angle between the lateral branch and the trunk are small. The branches are more upward and fluent, similar to antlers. It is suitable for literati tree type towering inclined rod type.

[chicken claw branch]

The branches are relatively sturdy, usually the first node is shorter and does not give off lateral branches; the second section gives off lateral branches at the rear. Similarly, the lateral branches also protrude the transverse claws after the second section, and the transverse claws can also regenerate branches to form claw branches. After the defoliation, the branches are stiff and curved, like chicken feet. Its branches have ups and downs, sparse and dense, and the size and length of each section have been reduced. The angle between the main branch and the rod is larger, but smaller than the right angle. The direction of the lateral branches changes greatly, showing lively vigor. It is mostly used in the cliff type of big trees.

[revolving branch]

The branches are supple and smooth, and the knuckles curl outward until there is enough space to produce lateral branches. After the lateral branch shrinks slightly, it extends outward. After that, transverse angles are produced at the end of the lateral branches, which are formed into a foliage. It is suitable for the branch-making of a multi-dry tree, and has the effect of being complicated and not messy.

Introduction to the branches of Lingnan bonsai:

1. Floating branches

The shape of the branch is parallel and slightly downward, the main branch is twisting and falling, and the curve is smooth. It is often seen in the elegant straight or inclined pole type, which can enhance the floating feeling of the tree potential.

2. Parallel branches

The shape of the branch is parallel to the main curved node, with little change in the upward and downward direction, and forms a parallel shape with the secondary branches.

3. Falling branches

The shape of the main branch twists and turns downward, the rhythm is smooth and clear, and it is stronger than the drooping branch, which can enhance the sense of danger and movement of the tree potential. However, the position of the falling branch should be set properly, otherwise the effect will be affected.

4. Drooping branches

The shape of the main branch is slightly curved, hanging down, the posture is vivid, softer than the falling branch. The main branch grows slowly downward. It is common in the towering straight pole type.

5. Windmill branch

The shape of the branch is the main branch drooping or leaning upward, twisting and extending in the direction of the tree trunk, playing a role of embellishment in the empty parts, overcoming the shortcomings of emptiness before and after, and enhancing the three-dimensional sense.

6. Return to the branch

The back branch is mostly used for the modeling of lateral branches. Because there are no side branches in the first and second nodes of the main branch, which forms the defect of gap, the back branch can fill this gap position and increase the beauty of the branch shape. But this branch must be bent vigorously in order to have a good effect.

7. Posterior stitch

A posterior branch is a branch pointing backward. When modeling, you can bend slightly to the left and right to increase the three-dimensional sense and make up for the deficiency of the emptiness of the left and right parts.

8. Apical branch

The main branch grows directly in front of the trunk, and the top of the branch faces the people. Sometimes this branch has to be used because of the sparse and close collocation of the branch. When modeling, the branches and the first section should be shorter, and the second section begins to twist it, zigzag rhythmically and extend to the left and right. The branches of the top branch do not need to be too large.

9. Point the branch

Point branch is not a branch support, the shape of the branch need not pay attention to, as long as there is a little bit of cyan, in order to play the role of embellishment. In a certain part, if you match the branch receptacle, you feel that the repetition is airtight, and if you do not deserve the branch receptacle, you feel that this part is empty, so it is appropriate to use some branches at this time.

I am only introducing some common shapes, beginners can make use of these basic knowledge, comprehensive application, not too limited in form, to be flexible, only in this way can we make good works.

The plastic art of bonsai is a great knowledge, which requires scholars to look at the works of famous experts and understand the intentions of the authors and their ideas. If you have the opportunity, you can also look at some landscape paintings and learn some skills of traditional Chinese painting, which can improve your aesthetics.

Time: 2019-06-04 Click: