Prevention and control of edible fungus diseases, main fungal diseases and control of Zingiberaceae flowers

1. Brown spot disease

The disease was found on the leaves of late nutmeg, alpinia oxyphylla, round petal ginger flower, etc. Lesions on leaves are nearly round, irregular or elongated, brown or grayish brown, with dark brown edges. Lesions often appear from leaf tips or leaf margins, with many small black spots on them. Insufficient shade, neglect of management is easy to disease.

Control method: can be used to prevent and control thiophane methyl 1000 times solution spraying.

2. Anthrax

Harm ginger yellow flower, amomum villosum, red bean stem and leaf, etc., mostly occur on adult plants, disease spots mostly start from leaf tip or leaf edge, initially dark green water-stained dots, then turn gray white, then turn gray brown, cloud pattern shape, dark brown edge, dry white in the middle. When humidity is high, many small black spots are produced on the disease spot. This disease occurs frequently in autumn and winter, soil is barren, basal fertilizer is insufficient, available nitrogen is excessive, shading is bad plot, the disease is serious, rainy, high humidity is favorable for disease occurrence and spread.

Control methods: 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times solution, 65% zinc 600~800 times solution, or 75% chlorothalonil 800 times solution spraying control.

3. Leaf spot disease

The disease occurs in red silk ginger flower, flower leaf alpinia, closed sheath ginger, Amomum villosum and so on. It occurs mainly in leaves, but can also harm leaf sheaths. In the early stage of disease, there are green spots on Amomum villosum, gradually expanding into round or irregular water-stained spots, the edge is not obvious, while the leaf spots of Closed-sheath ginger are irregular, the center is gray-green, the edge has obvious brown necrotic lines, when the humidity is high, the center of the spots has gray-green mold layer. On Alpinia variegata, the affected leaves appeared elliptic or long elliptic spots, brown, gradually expanded into irregular shapes, light gray brown or brown in the center, brown at the edges, concentric rings, and a large number of black spots. The disease can occur all year round, with September to October and March of the following year as two peak periods. In the peak period of disease occurrence, a large number of leaves can be dried up. Poor management, poor ventilation, over-dense planting, ponding, barren soil, insufficient shade and poor plant vigor are serious hazards, and the diseased body is the source of initial infection of the disease.

Control method: When the disease occurs, 75% chlorothalonil WP 1000 times solution plus 70% methyl sulfur WP 1000 times solution, or 50% procyclidine WP 2000 times solution can be sprayed once every 7~10 days for 2~3 consecutive times.

4. Grey spot disease

The disease occurred on some hosts of Alpinia, Amomum, Cleistocera and ginger genera and intergeneric hybrids of the former two genera. Irregular round spots appeared on the affected leaves from the tip or edge of the leaves, or other parts. The center of the spots was gray or grayish brown, and the edges were brown or dark brown. Most of the spots had ring patterns. There were water-stained necrotic lines at the edge of the lesion of Alpinia cardamomum, and yellow bands at the junction of the lesion and the healthy part of Alpinia officinale. This disease is generally seen in winter and spring, and the harm is light.

Control method: 50% carbendazim or 800 times solution of thiophanate wettable powder can be used for control.

5. Spot blight

The disease occurs commonly in Alpinia, Amomum, Cleistocera and Hedysarum, especially in ginger and turmeric. The disease spots on leaves often start from leaf tip or leaf edge, or extend downward from leaf tip along leaf edge, the disease spots expand rapidly, the disease spots on non-leaf tip or leaf edge are nearly round or round, and small black spots grow in the center of the disease spots. This disease mainly occurs in the shade degree insufficient, neglects the management plot, annual visible.

Control methods: should remove the diseased leaves, and spray 200 times the Bordeaux mixture.

6. Spot disease

The main damage to ginger leaves, etc., the disease often develops rapidly, quickly causing the whole leaf to die, the early stage of the affected leaves are yellow, oval or nearly round, the center gradually grayish-white, the edge is brown, and there is yellow halo outside the spot. Spots on the grayish white part of scattered small black particles, spots often appear longitudinal crack. The disease can occur annually, the peak of incidence in summer and autumn, poor management, serious lack of shade plots serious incidence.

Control method: In the early stage of disease, the diseased leaves should be picked in time, and 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times solution, or 50% prohydantoin wettable powder 1500 times solution, 40% captan wettable powder 400 times solution, or 70% ethyl phosphine·manganese zinc wettable powder 500 times solution, or 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 500 times solution should be sprayed once every 10 days for 2~3 times continuously.

7, leaf blight

In red silk ginger flower, ginger flower, flowers and other serious damage, in ginger flower disease, leaf tip began to yellow, growth stagnation, and finally withered.

Prevention and control methods: the disease in the early 7 to 10 days available 200 times Bordeaux mixture control or 65% of Zincum wettable powder 600 times spray kill.

8, white silk disease

When the disease occurs, the base of stem or leaf near the soil turns brown and rots, grows white silky mycelium, radiates, can spread in the rhizosphere soil, and then causes the aboveground part to wither and die. It is more serious in July and August, and it is easy to occur when the soil is too wet and barren.

Control method: quintozene can be added to the soil to disinfect the soil by adding 70% quintozene to 0.2% of the soil weight. Cultivation should pay attention to ventilation, to prevent planting too dense.

9. Rust

occurs in a few ginger plants, harming leaves, etc. At the beginning of the damage, small yellow spots appeared on the lower surface of the leaves, then they rose into gray pustules, and then turned brown. In severe cases, the whole leaves were all diseased spots, causing early death of the plants.

Control methods: can be used 20% of the Aminazine EC 1000 times or 20% Triadimefon EC 2000 times spray control.