Identification of diseases of edible fungi and main diseases and insect pests of flowers in autumn

In the process of cultivation, flowers are vulnerable to a variety of diseases and pests, affecting the normal growth and ornamental value of flowers. According to the investigation, the main diseases and pests that occurred recently are whitefly, scale insects, anthracnose, chrysanthemum black spot, aphids and so on. The recent weather is conducive to the occurrence and development of these diseases and pests, and it is expected that the above diseases and pests will occur moderately to heavily.

Whitefly

The insect harms many kinds of flowers, especially poinsettia. A recent survey of poinsettia, cherry, leaf peony, melon and leaf chrysanthemum and other flower varieties showed that there are generally 19 to 193 live louver worms, and some serious ones are as high as more than 200 per leaf. The insect has the characteristics of rapid reproduction, overlapping generations and high drug resistance. If the control is not effective, it will rapidly expand to damage. In severe cases, the leaves of the damaged plants are curled, yellowed and even withered. The high temperature and dry weather in the future is very favorable for the occurrence and reproduction of whitefly, and it is expected that the insect will occur moderately from August to September.

Scale insect

There are many species of scale insects in flowers in our city, including shield scale, cotton scale and wax scale. A recent survey of loose-tailed sunflower, fine-leaf banyan, cycad, etc., leaf injury rate of 6.7%, 60 louver live insects, of which nymph accounted for 70%. It is expected that the occurrence of the worm will be moderate from August to September.

Anthrax

According to the investigation, the disease occurred on Hawaiian coconut, chrysanthemum, white palm, dahlia and other flowers, especially chrysanthemum. The general plant incidence rate was 7mur40%, the serious one was as high as 92.9%, and the leaf incidence rate was 29.9%. The leaf incidence rates of chrysanthemum, dahlia and Hawaiian coconut were 35%, 7% and 27.3%, respectively. The disease can be easily induced under the conditions of high temperature, improper fertilization, drug damage and so on.

Black spot of chrysanthemum

The recent 1100 wet weather can easily induce the occurrence and development of the disease. A recent survey of Lijin, Princess Anning and other chrysanthemum varieties, the occurrence of black spot is more serious. Especially the chrysanthemum with middle growth and high planting density suffered the most. The incidence of the plant is 30% 80%, the serious one is as high as 100%, and the leaf incidence rate is 56.8%, including 44% in the seedling stage and 61.4% in the middle seedling stage. According to the forecast of the municipal meteorological department, Rain Water was 20% more in August, and there were five times of secondary one rainstorm. It is beneficial to the occurrence and development of the disease, and it is expected that the above two diseases will occur more seriously from August to September.

In addition, aphids occur in some places. The damage rate of cherubs leaves is 17%, and the number of living louvers is 1105, of which nymphs account for 99.4%, which is also a critical period of control. Aphids are expected to occur on some flowers.

Prevention and control opinions

In order to ensure the normal growth of flowers, all localities should do a good job in pest control according to local conditions.