Understand the cultivation techniques of edible fungi and the control of main diseases and insect pests of flowers in summer

I. what has happened

Black spot disease occurs on roses and green pineapple, in which the average incidence of rose leaves is 15.2%; the average incidence of green radish leaves is 6.67%.

Anthrax occurs on hydrangea, chrysanthemum and peacock taro, in which the average incidence of peacock taro is 31.5%, the average incidence of leaves is 50%, the average incidence of hydrangea leaves is 8.2%, the high incidence is 15.2%, and the average incidence of chrysanthemum leaves is 9.62%. High 20%.

Liriomyza huidobrensis: the average leaf injury rate of Paeonia lactiflora was 13.16%, 33% high, and 4.39 live louvers.

Scale insects: 10.16 live brown bamboo louvers and 26 tall ones were investigated.

Thrips: Ficus angustifolia occurs more heavily. The average injury rate of leaves is 20-30%, about 30 live louvers, and hundreds of high ones.

Spodoptera litura: the average damage rate of roses was 2.9%, and 62 live insects were investigated.

Second, occurrence trend analysis

(1) the varieties of flowers are diverse, the planting areas are scattered, the planting periods are different, and the occurrence periods of diseases and insect pests are complicated.

(2) affected by the disastrous thunderstorm weather from April to June, the disease occurred seriously and there were some pathogens.

(3) according to the forecast of Guangzhou International specialized Meteorological Observatory, the general trend of the weather in the flood season in Guangzhou after 2005 is that the total rainfall is slightly more from July to September, the wind is lighter in Cold Dew, and there are 3 to 4 tropical cyclones affecting Guangzhou and concentrated in July to September. Therefore, black spot and anthracnose are expected to occur moderately, while Liriomyza huidobrensis, scale insects, thrips and Spodoptera litura are expected to occur moderately.

III. Opinions on prevention and control

(1) Agricultural prevention and control measures:

1. Timely removal of black spot, anthrax plants and diseased leaves, centralized destruction; rational management of fertilizer and water to reduce the spread of pathogens.

2. Pay attention to the ventilation of the greenhouse, control the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse, and restrain the occurrence and spread of the disease.

(2) Chemical prevention and control:

Black spot: spray with 8000 times of 25% clotrimazole or 1500 times as high as 10% of the world, 2 times every 7 to 10 days.

Anthrax: spray with 80% Dasheng Mmur45 wettable powder 600 times or 25% Bock 500 times 1000 times. The pesticide was applied every 7-10 days for 2-3 times in a row.

Liriomyza huidobrensis: choose 1.8% damage 1000 times or 40% green vegetable treasure 1000 times liquid spray.

Scale insects: you can choose 40% speed killing EC or 40% speed scale EC 1000-1500 times spray.

Thrips: can use 10% aphid lice net 1000 times or 40% speed scale grams 1000 times 1500 times liquid spray.

Spodoptera litura: spray in the evening with pest No. 1 1000-1500 times or 20% m full 1500 times.