Prevention and control techniques of flower diseases in spring and notes on the introduction of edible fungi

Spring, with suitable temperature and humidity, is a season full of flowers. However, the message of flower sprouting has also been transmitted to diseases and insect pests, and all kinds of diseases and insect pests "arise at the right time" in spring. The common diseases and insect pests of flowers in spring are powdery mildew, rust, black spot, leaf shrinking, chlorosis, longicorn beetles, aphids, shellfish, beetles and so on.

Blight disease

When the temperature is 20 ℃, the flowers, saplings and some flowers with rotten roots newly sown or sown in autumn are very prone to bacterial blight if the soil humidity is high.

Prevention and control methods: (1) before sowing, the soil was evenly mixed with 70% pentachloronitrobenzene per mu and mixed evenly in the soil; (2) watering was controlled in the young stage of the seedlings so as not to make the soil too wet; (3) when the diseased seedlings were first found, the diseased plants were burned centrally, and then the roots were irrigated with 1000 times of 70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder.

Rust disease

Rust is easy to infect begonia after rain in April and May, peony rust generally begins to occur in May, irregular brown disease spots appear on the leaves, small yellowish-brown particles are produced on the back of leaves, while rose rust occurs when roses are budding and yellow spots appear on the front of the leaves.

Prevention and control methods: (1) remove and burn the first germinated yellow disease bud in time during germination, thoroughly remove the diseased plant and residual body, and eliminate the source of infectious disease; (2) after germination, spray 15% brucine wet powder 800 times for prevention and control; (3) spray 15% strychnine in the initial infection period and mix it with water 700% 1000 times.

Powdery mildew

Common in impatiens, melon and leaf chrysanthemum, Dahlia, rose, Begonia and other flowers, mainly on the leaves, but also harmful to tender stems, flowers and fruits. At the beginning of the disease, there are several discoloration spots on the leaves, but there is no obvious edge around them, and then the small spots expand into large spots. With the development of the disease, the disease spot is covered with white powder, the leaf shrinks, the flower suffers and cannot blossom normally, and the fruit stops developing. The onset period of the disease can be from early spring to summer to autumn.

Prevention and control methods: (1) pay attention to the ventilation and light transmission of flowers; (2) apply less nitrogen fertilizer and more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; (3) remove the diseased leaves as early as possible at the beginning of the disease to prevent the spread or spray 15% strychnine at a time, 700x 1000 times with water.