Preservation method of edible fungi and storage of herbaceous flower seeds

I. treatment after harvest

1. Do a good job in cleaning and selecting flower seeds. The seeds should be cleaned after harvest. The whole plant should be dried and threshed, and the pericarp, pulp and various appendages should be removed if the fruit is harvested together. Flower seeds are small and light in weight, and some seed coats have short bristles, which are easy to adhere to or mix with life impurities such as sclerotia, galls, eggs and weed seeds, and inanimate impurities such as residual leaves and sediment.

2. Reasonable drying. Herbaceous flower seeds that need to be dried after harvest must be dried together with fruit shells, and do not put the seeds on the cement field or in metal containers to expose them in the sun, otherwise it will affect the vitality of the seeds. The seeds can be dried on canvas, Reed mats and bamboo mats. Some seeds are afraid of light, so the natural wind drying method can be used to place the seeds in a ventilated and rain-proof room to make them naturally dry. In general, the safe water content of herbaceous flower seeds is less than 7%.

II. Key points of storage technology

1. Choose the correct packaging method. Flower seeds are generally small in number, short in life and expensive in price. In most cases, polyethylene aluminum foil composite film bags are used, and the jackets are generally paper seed bags. Flower seeds containing aromatic oil should be stored in metal cans, wooden boxes or colored glass bottles. Canned and aluminum foil bags can also be pumped into vacuum or semi-vacuum when sealing to reduce the amount of oxygen in the container. The name of the seed and the year, month, day and service life of the harvest should be correctly marked outside the seed bag.

2. Low temperature and moistureproof storage. Seeds that have been cleaned and dried to a safe moisture content and packed in aluminum foil bags or metal cans should be stored in a dry, sealed, low temperature (2-5 ℃). The seed bag or jar should be placed on a shelf or table about 50cm from the ground. Do not contact the seed bag directly with the ground to prevent moisture. A small amount of seeds can be stored in a dryer. The dryer can use glass bottles, small mouth covered urns, plastic buckets, etc., with quicklime, silica gel, dried plant ash and charcoal at the bottom as desiccant, seed bags on top, and then sealed and placed in a low-temperature drying place.

III. Seed lifespan of herbaceous flowers

Seeds are alive, and their vitality and seed life span are closely related to the storage conditions. Under the condition of warm, humid and unobstructed air, the life activity of the seed is strong, the nutrients in the seed are consumed rapidly, and the life span of the seed becomes shorter, and the seed that has lost its vitality can not be used for sowing and raising seedlings. Under the condition of low temperature, dryness and slow air circulation, the life activity of seeds is slow, and the life span of seeds can be relatively prolonged. Therefore, 1-2-year-old herbaceous flower seeds should be preserved under low temperature, dry and airtight conditions. The ones with a preservation period of 1 year are Flukao, Primula and Primrose: those with a retention period of 2-3 years are drunken butterfly, turnip grass, pansy, marigold, cherry, green chrysanthemum, daisy, dry golden lotus, sweet pea bean, Yu beauty, drunken butterfly, a bunch of red, wheat stem chrysanthemum, goldfish grass, cornflower: 4-5 years have half-branch lotus, hundred-day chrysanthemum, osmanthus fragrance, snake chrysanthemum, violet, petunia, tricolor amaranth, chicken crown, calendula.

IV. management measures for the storage of flower seeds

1. Clearance and disinfection. The garbage, fertilizers and pesticides in the warehouse are removed, and felt paper is laid in the warehouse as a moisture-proof layer to reduce the absorption of ground moisture by seeds. Diluted with 80% dichlorvos EC and sprayed, the doors and windows were closed for 48 hours and ventilated for 24 hours (hours). Don't use smoke compartments.

2. Reasonable stacking. There are many varieties and grades of flower seeds, but the general number of seeds is not large. In the warehouse, it should be placed on the platform which is about 50cm from the wall and 50cm from the ground, and make a sign indicating its location, quantity, packaging, etc., in order to prevent confusion.

3. Timely ventilation. Seed respiration produces a lot of heat, timely ventilation can cool down and dissipate dampness. Generally to "clear rain closed snow can not pass, dripping water into ice can pass, open in the morning and evening, less open at noon, night fog can not open" as the principle. Ventilation is mostly natural ventilation, conditional mechanical ventilation is available.

4. be diligent in checking. The warehouse should check in time and check the water content and germination rate of the seeds after summer or winter. Set up temperature and humidity meters at multiple points in different parts of the warehouse, set people to measure regularly, and make records. Flower seeds must be stored in a low-temperature and low-humidity environment to prevent mildew or decrease in germination rate.