Methods of preventing flower diseases and insect pests in winter, prevention and control of edible fungus diseases and insect pests

Winter comes, most flower pests will gradually enter the winter state. During this period, all kinds of pests are basically inactive and mobile, which is a good season for prevention and control. Practice has proved that if the winter control measures are effective, the occurrence and harm degree of pests in the coming year can be greatly reduced, and the effect of twice the effort can be received.

1. Clean the garden: most pathogens (bacteria) or overwintering eggs of flower pests overwinter in the litter and weeds in the garden, and come out when the conditions are suitable in the coming year. Therefore, in winter, the litters and weeds in the garden will be completely removed and destroyed, and the sanitary conditions will be improved, which can greatly reduce the sources of various diseases and insect pests. This has significant effect on controlling anthracnose, powdery mildew, rust, red spider and moth of rose, chrysanthemum, peony, begonia, sophora japonica and willow.

2. Cutting off diseased branches: winter construction is one of the important links in garden management. Combined with winter pruning, focus on cutting off branches and leaves with diseases and pests. Such as yellow thorn plum, rose and other flowers and trees on the eggs, locust, willow, poplar and shrubs on the scale insects. The cut branches and leaves should be cleaned up in time and transported out of the nursery for centralized treatment.

3. Deep ploughing in winter: Deep ploughing in winter can cause mechanical damage to underground pests lurking in the soil, such as grubs, ground tigers, mole crickets, insects, etc. After exposure to the ground surface, it can be pecked by birds and other natural enemies. If necessary, artificial killing can also be adopted.

4. Self-protection: Branches coated with white can not only effectively prevent winter flowers and trees from freezing damage and sunburn, improve the disease resistance of flowers and trees, but also destroy the wintering sites of pests and diseases, and play a dual role in both freezing and killing insects. Especially for the bark of the winter mites, scales and other control effect is particularly good.

The commonly used white coating formula is: quicklime 5 kg, stone sulfur mixture solution 0.2 kg, salt 0.3 kg, lard (with other animal and vegetable oils can also be)0.2 kg, water 17 kg.

Preparation method: First quicklime and salt water open, and then add lard and sulfur mixture stock solution fully stirred evenly can be.

Special attention: quicklime must be fully dissolved, otherwise it will easily cause burns after being applied to the branches of flowers and trees.

5. Drug control: Since all kinds of diseases and insect pests are mostly dormant in winter, winter drug control measures can be adopted for those diseases and insect pests that are difficult to control in the occurrence season. For example, 50 to 100 times the liquid oil emulsion spray can control scale insects. Omethoate 800 times solution at 4 kg/m2 can control chrysanthemum thin mosquito. Spraying 1% Bordeaux mixture twice or thrice in late winter could effectively control pear rust, rose black spot and other diseases.