Preservation methods of edible fungi and prevention and control of root rot of Cymbidium

Cymbidium is prone to root rot in the process of maintenance, at the beginning, only individual roots become brown and soft rot, and the aboveground plants are asymptomatic; then the fleshy roots rot, and the top leaves wilt when the sun is strong and evaporation is exuberant; in the later stage, the degree of root rot intensifies, the leaves become smaller, the color changes from green to yellow, and the new leaves grow slowly and less; finally, all the roots rot, and the leaves gradually dry up from bottom to top, and the whole plant dies.

Most of the pathogens causing root rot of Cymbidium are fungi. The pathogen overwintered on the diseased remains in the seedling or soil, could survive in the soil for many years, and invaded from the wounds such as root damage through cultivation operation, Rain Water transmission and so on. The causes of the disease are bacteria in soil, poor permeability of soil, improper application of water and fertilizer, serious underground insect pests and so on.

The root rot of Cymbidium can be prevented by disinfecting the basin soil and seedlings. The pot soil is watered thoroughly with 65% zinc 500 times solution or 50% thiophanate 1000 times solution. Before planting, the roots are soaked in 50% methyl topiramate 800 times solution for 10 minutes, and then cultivated after drying. Chemical control can be carried out at the beginning of the disease: irrigating the roots with 1500 times of 80% EC or 1200 times of dimethazone, once every 7 to 10 days, continuous irrigation for 2-3 times, the control effect can reach more than 95%. It is more beneficial to give full play to the efficacy when the basin soil is slightly dry. For the diseased plants whose fleshy roots have rotted but the aboveground parts have not died, the following first aid measures can be taken: first take out the diseased plants, wash the soil on the roots, thoroughly remove the decaying parts with a sharp knife, then soak the stem base in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, after taking out, apply charcoal ash to the wound to prevent corrosion and infection, then put it in a ventilated place to dry slightly, and then dip it in B12 (medical injection) solution before planting. The cultivated soil is fully mixed with 2:5:1 fine river sand, garden soil and rice chaff ash, then thoroughly disinfected with boiling water and used after cooling. This kind of potted soil has good air permeability, heat preservation and moisture retention, which is beneficial to the regeneration of new roots after diseased plants are planted. When the plant is planted, press the embedded part tightly with your hand so that the stem base is in close contact with the basin soil. After planting, the temperature is kept at 20-25 ℃, the potted soil can be slightly wetted, and it is not necessary to water it. Generally, it takes 30-40 days to produce new roots.