Fertilization techniques of edible fungi and large-scale production and cultivation techniques of orchids in facilities

Orchid is a kind of elegant and beautiful perennial herb with white, pure white, white-green and yellow-green colors: it has good ornamental value and medicinal value, so it is widely loved by people, but the success rate of orchid seed reproduction is low, and ramet reproduction is very easy to infection and death, not easy to survive, in addition, the quality of orchid products produced by the existing technology is poor and does not have the conditions for large-scale production.

1. Land selection and preparation

2. Construction of planting greenhouse

A north-south greenhouse with a length of 20m, a width of 2m and a height of 2.1m was built, which was covered with a thick film of 0.5mm. A film winding device for ventilation was installed outside the shed, and a drip irrigation fertilization system, sprinkler system, lighting system and temperature and humidity control system were installed for 20 days.

3. Seedling cultivation

Disease-free and robust orchid seedlings were selected and put into the culture medium (including 14 parts of zinc sulfate, 9 parts of calcium oxalate, 4 parts of urea, 2 parts of tartaric acid, 1 part of boric acid and 100 parts of water). In a tissue culture bottle and domesticated in a greenhouse for 10 days:

After the orchid seedlings were taken out and washed repeatedly with clean water, the whole plant was soaked in 5min in the 800x solution of carbendazim wettable powder.

The soaked seedlings were sown in the substrate and sprayed through the bed with water. Among them, 5 drops of nutrient solution were added to the roots of seedlings every 5 days in the process of seedling cultivation.

4. Light treatment

After 15 days, the survival seedlings without yellow leaves were treated with light, the light intensity was controlled at 1200 lux, the time was controlled at 6 hours per day, and the temperature in the greenhouse was controlled at 22 ℃.

5. Transplanting and planting

Select the strong growing orchid seedlings (the length of the aboveground part of the strong growing orchid seedlings is 15cm, and the number of roots per seedling is more than 3. ), transplant into the planting ground and keep the plant spacing as 30cm.

6. Daily management

Water management: Amoy rice water and clear water are mixed evenly to make irrigation solution, which is sprayed through the sprinkler system. It is irrigated every 2 days in April and once a day in June. Keep the basin soil moist after autumn.

Fertilization management: applying organic fertilizer through drip irrigation fertilization system every 20 to 30 days (organic fertilizer includes the following raw materials: 42 parts of wheat bran, 35 parts of rice bran, 32 parts of wood vinegar, 20 parts of shell powder, 17 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of urea, 5 parts of animal feces, 5 parts of boric acid, 3 parts of humic acid and 55 parts of water. ), apply the fermented oil meal every 2 months, and turn on the sprinkler system to spray water after fertilization.

Among them, the nutrient solution includes the following raw materials: 20 parts of bamboo vinegar, 17 parts of seaweed powder, 15 parts of gibberellin, 10 parts of fungicides, 5 parts of indole acetic acid and 24 parts of water. The fungicide includes the following raw materials: 20 parts of garlic, 14 parts of ginger, 10 parts of bitter gourd leaves, 6 parts of citrus peel, 3 parts of potassium permanganate solution and 25 parts of hydrogen peroxide. Mash garlic, ginger, balsam pear leaves and citrus peel into mud, add 10 times water and soak for 8 hours, filtrate is filtered, potassium permanganate solution and hydrogen peroxide are added to the filtrate and stirred evenly.

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