To explore the high-yield cultivation techniques of edible fungi and the pest control techniques of domestic orchids.

There are many diseases and insect pests that harm orchids. If they are not controlled in time, orchid plants will suffer serious losses. The common diseases are virus disease, white silk disease and leaf spot disease. Prevention should be carried out by improving cultivation conditions and strengthening daily maintenance. At the initial stage of the disease, the virus disease was sprayed with 1000 times of aspirin, chloramphenicol injection 1 to 1 kg of water, drenched the diseased plants once a day, twice a day, and leaf spot disease sprayed with penicillin 2000 times, once every 2 days, 3-4 times continuously. The main pests are shell insects, aphids and red spiders. If there are few shell insects on the orchid plant, remove them one by one with toothpicks or toothbrushes, and spray them with 500-700 times malathion solution in large quantities. Aphids were sprayed with 500 times of 10% aphid lice net wettable powder, and the effect was very good.

1. Simple method to control insects

⑴ aphids: use 5 grams of washing powder, 1.2kg of water, spray after full mixing, spray once every 3 days, 2-3 times in a row, the insecticidal rate can reach 100%. ⑵ snail: pour the beer into a shallow plate and put it on the ground and potted soil. The snail will smell the wine and will climb into the plate and drown. ⑶ ants: after smashing the garlic cloves, dig 3-4 holes in the flowerpot and bury them in the basin soil. After 2-3 days, the ants, earthworms and nematodes in the pot soil will disappear. ⑷ red spider: lit with pyrethrum containing mosquito incense, placed in an orchid basin, then sealed with a plastic basin, smoked for 1 hour, it can kill red spider eggs and adults. ⑸ scale insect: soak 500g ripe neem fruit with 1kg of water for more than one month, and take juice for use. In late spring and early summer, prevent the worm with 1000 times solution. If you find the worm, you can kill it with 500 times solution, once every 5 days and 3 times in a row.

Second, Lanyou's experience in pest control

1. Tobacco. Nicotine and nicotine in cigarettes can control aphids, red spiders, bugs, ants and other pests.

Production: ① 40 grams of soil tobacco or tobacco stem, add 1 kg of water, soak for 24 hours, filter and then add the same amount of water dilution, add 2-3 grams of washing powder to dissolve (if the concentration of cut tobacco can be higher; adding washing powder is not only conducive to adhesion, but also has insecticidal effect). If ② does not have a weighing appliance, soak several paper cigarette butts in about 30 times the water, wait for the water to turn yellowish brown, and then add a little washing powder to dissolve.

The above solution is filtered and used. The front and back of the spray blade. When the pest is serious, soak the damaged part of the flower in tobacco water for 1-3 hours and soak the plant material at the same time, which can effectively kill the pests on the leaves and in the soil. The remaining cigarette water can be poured into the ant colony or sprinkled around the basin to destroy the ants. Unsoaked cigarette butts buried in the soil can control small flying insects.

Note: ① contains nicotine and should not be added with vinegar, otherwise it will weaken the insecticidal efforts. If ② is added with laundry detergent, rinse with clean water the day after spraying (or immediately after soaking). If ③ is mainly used for the control of scale insects, it is best to add detergent, or use detergent alone.

2. Garlic. Can control aphids, red spiders, shell insects, nematodes and other insect pests, but also can control powdery mildew.

Production: take several cloves of purple garlic from the north, peel and mash, dilute it with 10-20 times of water, and filter out the residue after 24 hours.

The leaves were sprayed with prepared juice, and the residue and remaining juice were poured into the basin to control nematodes and shell worms.

Note: garlic juice has a certain viscosity. In order to prevent dust accumulation, the leaves can be washed after several days.

3. Leek. Can control aphids, red spiders and other insect pests, more effective for aphids.

Production and use: 500 grams of Chinese chives are mashed, 1.25 kg of water is added, soaked for one day and then filtered, and the supernatant is sprayed 3 times every other day.

4. Onion. Can control aphids, red spiders and other insect pests, more effective for aphids.

Production and use: soak 20 grams of onion scales in 1 kg of water, soak for 24 hours and spray 2-3 times in a week. In order to fully precipitate the active ingredients, it can be chopped or mashed and soaked, which needs to be filtered before use.

5. Sharp pepper (dry red wine pepper). Can control aphids, red spiders, whitefly, bugs and other insect pests.

Production and use: ① will dry the chili fully, grind it into fine powder, add 50 grams of chili noodles to 1 kilogram of water, boil for 10 minutes, then cool and filter. ② take appropriate amount of dried chili peppers, add 20 times of water and boil for 20 minutes, let cool and filter. Boil ③ with 250g of dried chili seeds and 2.5kg of water for 30 minutes, cool and filter.

Spray wet leaves after spraying powder, a small amount of coarse powder can be sprinkled on the basin surface; leaf spray, spray basin soil.

6. Plant ash. It can control aphids.

Production and use: 1 part of plant ash is soaked in 5 parts of water for 24 hours, filtered and sprayed. The above methods are used for prevention, usually once a month. It's best to use it alternately. (source: practical scientific and technological information in rural areas)