Know the prevention and control methods of edible fungus diseases and the planting techniques of organic broccoli

Broccoli is a 2012 herb, native to the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. At present, broccoli is cultivated in both the north and south of China, and has become one of the main vegetables in daily life. Organic broccoli is the main variety of vegetables exported in China at present. The planting techniques of organic broccoli are introduced as follows. Planting techniques of organic broccoli

Cultivate strong seedlings

Sowing time selection: the harvest time of organic broccoli planted in alpine off-season is from late August to November, so the sowing date should be from mid-June to mid-July. The sowing and sowing date of high-altitude and early-maturing varieties should be advanced appropriately, while the sowing date of low-altitude and medium-maturing varieties should be postponed accordingly. According to the requirements of the order enterprise, we can sow seeds in stages and batches in order to achieve a balanced response to the market.

Sowing and raising seedlings: rainproof seedlings are raised in greenhouse. The seeds are soaked and disinfected in warm water, mixed and sowed (vegetable Fengning, Chlorothalonil, etc.). Every 15 grams of seeds need a seedbed of 10 square meters; pour sufficient bottom water before sowing, cover 1 cm thick fine soil after sowing, spread film to moisturize, and cool the shade net. Three days after sowing, the film was removed in the evening when 70% of the seeds emerged and covered with a shade net at 10-16:00 on a sunny day to cool down. The seedlings were moved into 10 × 10 cm nutrition bowl at 2 leaf age (8 mi 10 days after emergence) and planted in the field at 6 leaf age (about 30 days after seedling emergence).

Land consolidation

Land selection: out-of-season organic broccoli can be planted in alpine areas with an elevation of 750ml and 1200m. It is required that the soil layer is deep, loose and fertile, drainage and irrigation is convenient, and the land with low elevation is better to sit west to east leeward, with the microclimate condition of sun in the morning and overcast in the afternoon. If there are many terraces in high mountains and make a pond at a certain distance, you can make use of the natural drop to irrigate with leather tubes to reduce labor intensity.

Land preparation and application of basic fertilizer: after ploughing the land, the width of the border is 1.3m (with ditch). In the middle of the border, more than 1000 kg of farm manure is applied, which can be combined with clearing the weeds on the edge of the field and pressing them into the base fertilizer. Calcium superphosphate 25 kg, potassium chloride 10 kg, urea 10 kg, boric acid 2 kg or compound fertilizer 30 kg, boric acid 2 kg, boric acid 2 kg Then sprinkle 50kg of quicklime on the border surface and mix well with the topsoil to smooth the border surface.

Field planting and management

Planting density: planting 2500mi 3000 plants per mu, early-maturing varieties are more dense, mid-maturing varieties are sparse, diagonal planting, after planting, enough water for fixed roots.

Intertillage weeding and mowing mulching: at least 2 times of intertillage weeding and grass cutting were carried out from 7 days after planting to before closure, in order to reduce the surface soil temperature, maintain moisture and reduce the growth of weeds.

Fertilizer and water management: the principle of fertilization for alpine off-season organic broccoli is to apply sufficient base fertilizer, early topdressing, re-application of bud fertilizer, unbiased application of nitrogen fertilizer, and increase of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Generally, rarefied human feces and urine were applied 7 days after planting, and then combined with ploughing and weeding, depending on the seedling condition.

Pest control: the main pests are aphids, Plutella xylostella, Pieris rapae, night moth and so on.

The main diseases are black rot, soft rot, downy mildew and so on.

Timely harvest: organic broccoli planted in the alpine out-of-season should be harvested when the bulb is long and the edge has not yet cracked, usually every 2 days, sunny days before 10:00 or after 4 p.m., all-day harvest in cloudy days, and timely grading packaging, refrigerated transportation.