Prevention and control of edible fungi diseases, edible fungi cultivation raw materials and formulas

With the increase of the cultivation area of edible fungi and the extension of cultivation time, the disease is becoming more and more serious. When selecting varieties or strains, virus-free bacteria should be the first choice in order to lay a technical foundation for the whole production from the provenance stage. Pay attention to the allocation of base materials in production to make its nutrition comprehensive and balanced, add three-dimensional essence when mixing, and pay attention to the prevention and killing of diseases and insect pests.

Pleurotus ostreatus: the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus is mainly made of cottonseed shell, corn heart and so on. Take cotton seed shell as an example, the basic formula is: cotton seed shell 250 kg, calcium superphosphate 5 kg, gypsum powder 4 kg, urea 0.7 kg, three-dimensional essence (mixing type) 1 bag. Farmers with biogas digesters can add 50 kilograms of biogas dregs to the formula. When the base number of miscellaneous bacteria is high, lime powder 4kg should be added.

Lentinus edodes: select the sawdust of hard tree species, and use "special additive for Lentinus edodes" to mix the base material to make it nutritionally balanced, the hyphae are fully ripened, and the color changes well. Lentinus edodes production, mainly based on sawdust raw materials, the basic formula is: broadleaf sawdust 2000 kg, wheat bran 200kg, corn meal 100kg, calcium superphosphate 100kg, urea 6kg, lime powder 20kg, gypsum powder 200kg, special additive 1000 g for Lentinus edodes.

Pleurotus ostreatus: wheat straw, rice straw and cow dung are generally used as the main raw materials for cultivation, with a yield of 515kg per square meter, a high yield of 20kg, a biological efficiency of 50%, and considerable production benefits. The basic formula for cultivation is as follows: 4000 kg of wheat straw (or rice straw), 2000 kg of cow dung powder, 100kg of calcium superphosphate, 80kg of urea, 60kg of cottonseed cake, 100kg of lime powder, 80kg of gypsum powder, 100kg of calcium carbonate, 40 bags of mushroom disease elimination, 16 bags of three-dimensional nutritional essence of edible fungi (mixed type). Farmers with biogas digesters can add 1000 kg of biogas residue to the formula.

Flammulina velutipes: more use of cotton husks, sawdust and other raw materials, can also use distiller's grains, crop straw and so on. Basic formula: 200 kg of cotton husk, 50 kg of wheat bran, 5 kg of calcium superphosphate, 3 kg of gypsum powder, 0.6 kg of urea, 1.5 kg of sucrose, 1 bag of three-dimensional spermatin (mixing type). 50kg of biogas dregs can be added when conditions permit. When the base number of miscellaneous bacteria is high, lime powder 4kg should be added. Carbendazim, thiophanate and other drugs shall not be used.

Coprinus comatus: Coprinus comatus cultivation, cottonseed shell, corn heart, distiller's grains and furfural dregs can be used as raw materials. The basic formula is as follows: cottonseed shell 250 kg, lime powder 4 kg, gypsum powder 3 kg, calcium superphosphate 5 kg, urea 0.8 kg, mushroom disease elimination 5 bags, edible fungus three-dimensional nutrient essence (mixed type) 1 bag.

Pleurotus ostreatus: generally can use cotton seed shell, miscellaneous sawdust and so on as the main material, supplemented by wheat bran and so on. Basic formula: 225 kg of cottonseed shell, 25 kg of corn meal or wheat bran, 2 kg of gypsum powder, 2 kg of lime powder, 5 kg of calcium superphosphate, 0.5 kg of urea, 3 bags of Baocheng, 1 bag of three-dimensional nutritional essence of edible fungi.

Pleurotus eryngii: basic formula: 200 kg of cotton husk, 30 kg of sawdust, 20 kg of wheat bran, 2 kg of bean cake, 5 kg of calcium superphosphate, 2 kg of light calcium carbonate, 2 kg of gypsum powder, 1.5 kg of lime powder, 0.8 kg of urea, 3 bags of Baocheng, 1 bag of three-dimensional nutritional essence of edible fungi (mixed type).

Hericium Erinaceus: cultivation materials are mainly sawdust, cottonseed shell and so on. Basic formula: 205 kg of sawdust, 25 kg of wheat bran, 20 kg of soybean cake powder, 5 kg of calcium superphosphate, 4 kg of gypsum powder, 4 kg of calcium carbonate, 1.5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6 kg of urea, 3 bags of Baocheng, 1 bag of three-dimensional nutritional essence of edible fungi (mixed type). When giving priority to cottonseed shell, bean cake powder can be reduced or removed.

Pleurotus ostreatus: cotton husks and corncobs are used as the main raw materials, and other straws can also be used. Basic formula: 250 kg of cotton husk, 5 kg of calcium superphosphate, 4 kg of gypsum powder, 0.7 kg of urea, 1 bag of three-dimensional seminal (mixed type); or 220 kg of corncob, 30 kg of wheat bran, 10 kg of lime powder (fermentation mentioned above), 5 kg of calcium superphosphate, 5 kg of gypsum powder, 1 kg of urea, 1 bag of three-dimensional semen (mixed type). If biogas digester is built, 50 kilograms of biogas residue can be added to the formula.

Pleurotus ostreatus: because the strain has been separated and domesticated, its adaptability is getting wider and wider, it can adapt to the sawdust of most broad-leaved tree species in production, and the effect of cottonseed shell cultivation is also better. Basic formula: 225 kg of sawdust, 25 kg of wheat bran, 5 kg of superphosphate, 1 kg of urea, 4 kg of lime powder, 4 kg of gypsum powder, 3 bags of Baocheng, 1 bag of three-dimensional nutritional essence of edible fungi. Or 150 kg of cottonseed shell, 80 kg of sawdust, 20 kg of wheat bran, 4 kg of calcium superphosphate, 0.8 kg of urea, 2 kg of lime powder, 4 kg of gypsum powder, 3 bags of success, and 1 bag of three-dimensional nutritional essence of edible fungi.

Tea mushroom: tea new mushroom, also known as tea tree mushroom, a wide range of cultivation materials, cotton husk, miscellaneous sawdust and corncob, cotton stalk powder and other hard straw. Basic formula: 120 kg of cottonseed shell, 80 kg of sawdust, 22 kg of wheat bran and corn meal, 6 kg of cake fertilizer, 4 kg of lime powder, 2.5 kg of gypsum, 1 kg of sucrose, 1 kg of potassium dioxane phosphate, 0.5 kg of magnesium sulfate, 3 bags of Baocheng, 1 bag of three-dimensional nutritional essence of edible fungi (mixed type). The formula for sawdust cultivation is as follows: sawdust 200 kg, wheat bran 44 kg, cake fertilizer 6 kg, lime powder 5 kg, gypsum powder 5 kg, sucrose 2 kg, calcium carbonate 2 kg, Baocheng 3 bags, edible fungus three-dimensional nutrient essence (mixed type) 1 bag.