Drying technology of edible fungi and preservation methods of edible fungi

Main raw material: edible fungus.

Equipment: curtain, drying room, baking cage, far infrared electric oven and so on.

Production method: the drying method is mainly through the sun exposure, suitable for Tremella, black fungus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus ostreatus, hericium Erinaceus and so on.

The processing of edible fungi by sun-drying is simple, economical and commonly used. Spread the harvested fresh edible fungi on the curtains woven by bamboo or reeds. When arranging, because of the different bacteria, the method is also different. Tremella should face up, base against the curtain, arranged one by one, do not overlap, so as not to crush the shape. Other mushrooms should cover up, fold down, and discharge neatly to prevent overlap. Dry in the daytime, move into the house with bacteria in the curtain at night, put together the curtain after 1-2 days, and after 3 days, turn over the mushrooms one by one, that is, the ear base and mushroom folds are facing up, and the finished product is dried. The drying method is in the harvest season, when the sun cannot be dried on cloudy and rainy days, the method adopted is to spread the fresh mushrooms on a bamboo sieve and bake them on charcoal fire. When they are 80% dry, pour them into a culture cage and bake them over a low fire until dry. Professional households with large production scale can build drying rooms with brick and wood structure and have drying stoves. When fresh ears enter the drying room, the temperature is controlled between 35 ℃ ~ 45 ℃ and exhaust with an electric fan. after 6-8 hours, the water content of the ear piece is about 30%. Raise the temperature to 50 ℃-60 ℃ and keep it for 6 hours. When the ear lobe is dry and the ear base is not dry, lower the temperature to 30 ℃-45 ℃ until it is dried. The temperature of Lentinus edodes baking should be low first and then high, the initial temperature should not exceed 40 ℃, after 3-4 hours, the temperature will rise by 5 ℃, pay attention to exhaust. The initial drying temperature of orchid mushroom was kept at 40 ℃ for 1 hour, then heated to 50 ℃ for 1 hour, and finally heated to 60 ℃ until dried.

Sun-drying combination method: this method is suitable for Lentinus edodes and orchid mushrooms. First put the fresh mushrooms on the bamboo curtain, dry them until 50% dry, and then install a flame cage to dry. Before drying the orchid mushroom, cut the mushroom bud in half longitudinally, the mushroom skirt is still connected, the cut side down, the mushroom skirt is arranged upward on the bamboo curtain for 4 hours and 6 hours, then dry in a baking cage (keep it smoke-free). Far infrared drying method: put the fresh mushroom in the drying frame, send it to the rack in the box, set the temperature to 40 ℃ ~ 65 ℃, turn on the power supply, when the temperature rises to 40 ℃ ~ 65 ℃, turn off the fan, and after 2-3 hours, you can cut off the power supply and use the waste heat in the furnace to promote the drying of the mushroom body. Generally, each oven needs to be baked for 8-10 hours, and the water content is reduced to 12%-13%, then it can be stored in storage.