To master the manuring methods of edible fungi and the measures of pollution-free prevention and control of mixed edible fungi.

The relationship between miscellaneous fungi and edible fungi is equivalent to the relationship between weeds and green crops. They do not directly encroach on edible fungi like pathogens, but compete with edible fungi for nutrients and form toxins through growth on the culture substrate. The miscellaneous fungi that harm edible fungi are mainly molds and a few higher fungi, bacteria and slime molds.

1. Control of miscellaneous bacteria in clinker cultivation. The main pollution sources of miscellaneous bacteria in clinker cultivation are culture materials (incomplete sterilization), bacteria species, inoculation tools (incomplete sterilization), external miscellaneous bacteria invasion during inoculation operation and external miscellaneous bacteria invasion during culture, etc. Accordingly, the key points of prevention and control should be as follows: clean, fresh and mildew-free raw materials should be selected for ① and thoroughly sterilized. This is the first line of defense against miscellaneous bacteria pollution. ② carefully selects strains to put an end to bacteria with miscellaneous bacteria. ③ scientific ingredients, control water and pH value, create matrix conditions that are not conducive to the infection of miscellaneous bacteria. Experience shows that when there is more wheat bran or sugar is added in the feed, the mold contamination rate is higher. When soybean powder or cake fertilizer powder is used to replace part of wheat bran and there is no sugar, the mold contamination rate can be significantly reduced. When the water content is on the high side, the mold pollution occurs more, and when the water content is on the low side, the mold pollution occurs less. ④ was vaccinated strictly and the operation was strictly controlled. ⑤ should create suitable culture conditions and pay special attention to the cleanliness and dryness of the place to reduce the infection of external miscellaneous bacteria.

two。 Control of miscellaneous bacteria in the cultivation of raw and fermented materials. There are many kinds of microorganisms in raw and fermented materials. During the period of edible fungus culture, the occurrence of pollution mainly depends on the balance of various microorganisms in the microflora of the material. Once this balance is broken, pollution will occur. The following measures are usually taken to prevent pollution. ① increased the pH value of the culture medium and inhibited the growth of mold without significantly affecting the mycelium growth of edible fungi. ② is properly dry, increase air permeability, promote the growth of edible fungi mycelium and inhibit the growth of mold. ③ increased the amount of inoculation, which accounted for the advantage of microbial population. Proper amount of fungicides such as carbendazim were added to ④ to inhibit mold growth. ⑤ creates favorable environmental conditions for the growth of edible fungi, such as temperature and ventilation, and promotes the growth of edible fungi to inhibit the reproduction of miscellaneous fungi. ⑥ is fermented scientifically and rationally to produce selective substrates which are only conducive to the growth of edible fungi but not conducive to the growth of miscellaneous bacteria, including physical and chemical properties and microbial flora suitable for the growth of edible fungi.

3. Control of miscellaneous bacteria in the mushroom stage. Generally speaking, the mushroom stage is not prone to the first infection of miscellaneous bacteria, unless the environmental conditions are too uncomfortable, such as high temperature, high humidity or excessive uncleanliness. The effective ways to prevent the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria during the mushroom production period are to prevent high temperature and humidity and ensure adequate ventilation, and the other is to clean the bed in time, clean the mushroom room and maintain a good sanitary condition.