Prevention and Control of Edible fungus Diseases and key measures for pollution-free Edible fungus production

1. Improve the ecological environment. Cultivation shed should be located near the river, air circulation, surrounded by wide, but also away from livestock farms, breweries and residential areas, hospitals (at least 3000 meters away). Soil turning, sun exposure, irrigation and other measures shall be taken to replace pesticide disinfection. The water quality of water source shall be kept clean and pollution-free. It is strictly prohibited to spray mushrooms and soak with sewage.

2. Biological and physical techniques for the prevention and control of pests and rodents. Plant inhibitors and plant pesticides such as perilla, pyrethrum and rape seed cake can be used to kill insects and mites; natural enemies can be used to kill pests such as cats and rats. The method of strengthening mushroom and inhibiting insects can also be adopted to strictly control each link from strain selection, culture material proportion, material stacking fermentation, inoculation and mushroom production management to cultivate healthy mushroom bodies, enhance their stress resistance and reduce diseases and insect pests. Special mushroom intercropping methods can also be adopted, such as mushroom and mushroom rotation, to prevent and control diseases and insect pests. Inoculation room, fermentation room, ultra-clean workbench, etc., using 30 watt ultraviolet lamp irradiation, disinfection and sterilization; can also use electronic ozone sterilizer disinfection and sterilization. Mushroom shed can use black light trap mushroom mosquitoes, flies and other insects. Mushroom shed entrance and exit and ventilation to install insect nets or screens, etc.

3. Scientific medication. When it is necessary to use chemical pesticides, it is necessary to select highly effective, low toxic and low residue pesticides, such as trichlorfon, promite, Regent, thiophanate-methyl, metalaxyl, etc. Pesticide application should be carried out before mushroom production or after harvest of each batch of mushrooms, and attention should be paid to small and local application. Pesticide spraying during mushroom growth is prohibited. It is prohibited to use methamidophos, methyl 1605, 1059, monocrotophos, isocarbophos, chlordimeform, omethoate, toxophenol and other highly toxic and highly residual pesticides.

4. Close the processing of good products. Edible mushroom products often cause excessive sulfur content due to processing. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively promote high precision machinery for dehydration and drying. White strains should be used for Tremella fuciformis, and new technologies should be used to change the processing links of Tremella fuciformis fumigation and optimize product quality. Mushroom packaging must comply with national hygiene standards, namely GB7096 -86 hygienic standard for dried edible fungi, GB7097 -86 hygienic standard for fresh edible fungi and GB9691 -88 hygienic standard for packaging.