Maintenance tips of potted bergamot

In recent years, potted bergamot is favored by consumers, and the sales situation is also very good. It is understood that bergamot's sales time is from August of the lunar calendar to the Spring Festival of the following year, and sales after the Spring Festival are about to enter the off-season. In the past two years, ornamental fruit plants such as kumquat, generations and tangerines have been particularly popular, among which bergamot is the most popular. Compared with other Rutaceae flowers, bergamot sales have been stable, and there has been no obvious rise or fall in prices.

Bergamot, also known as Jiuzhaomu, Wuzhi tangerine, bergamot, generally about 1 meter high. It is evergreen all the year round, the fruit color is blue and yellow, the shape is like a hand, and the fragrance is intoxicating. Now it has become a valuable potted flower with ornamental fruits and leaves, and is regarded as the best choice for interior decoration. Bergamot likes yang and hates yin and is afraid of the scorching sun and cold. It is a shallow-rooted, eosinophilic plant. Therefore, in order to keep the growth of bergamot beautiful, we should pay attention to the following tips:

[watering]

The most important thing is watering, which is the key to the cultivation of bergamot, because its root system is shallow and its absorptive capacity is weak, so we should pay attention to watering frequently. During its peak growth period, it is at a high temperature in summer and requires a large amount of water. In addition to watering early and late, it also needs to spray water to increase the humidity of the environment. After entering autumn, the amount of water can be gradually reduced. During the low temperature period of late winter and early spring, indoor evaporation is slow, which can be watered every three or five days in the morning to keep the basin soil moist. The current period is in the early stage of flowering and fruiting, watering should not be too much to prevent a large number of falling flowers and fruits.

[fertilization]

Bergamot likes fertilizer, and fertilization is light during the period of new shoots in spring. It is appropriate to apply nitrogen fertilizer thinly once a week combined with watering; summer is the peak period for bergamot growth, flowers and fruit stilbene, the amount of fertilizer is large, and the fertility is also thickened accordingly. The main fertilizers are phosphorus and potassium fertilizers such as withered cake, bone meal, visceral fluid of mature animals or compound fertilizer, and the compound fertilizer of phosphorus, potassium and calcium should be applied from early autumn to mid-autumn, which is beneficial to improve the rate of fruit setting. In late autumn, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied in time after picking fruits, so that dwarf plants can replenish a large amount of nutrition, restore growth, and lay the foundation for flowering and fruiting in the following year.

[choose the best fruit setting period]

Bergamot blossoms the most from March to May, but there are more wild flowers and less fruit flowers, even if the fruit flowers are retained, they are either malformed or residual fruit, or the fruit is small, and they are not resistant to storage after maturity. Only from June to June, the flowers are sparse and solitary, and the pregnant flowers have a high fruit setting rate, and the fruit is large and Zhou Zheng, plump, with luster and good-looking color. The fruit of the Beginning of Autumn's back seat is also mostly boxer's, and the shape of the fruit is not good.

The flowers of bergamot blooming from April to early June are mostly unisexual flowers on the autumn shoots of last year, which cannot bear fruit and should be removed completely; most of the flowers that bloom on the spring shoots of that year around the end of June are bisexual flowers that can bear fruit, leaving 1-2 per short branch and thinning the rest to promote it to grow into big fruit. During the flowering and fruiting period, attention should also be paid to erasing the new buds sprouting on the dry branches to prevent fruit drop.

[leaf preservation method]

To prevent leaves from falling in winter, the room temperature is too high in winter, poor ventilation, or the cold wind blows when the window is opened, the leaves will "hang" from the trees, and uneven watering after entering the house will also cause fallen leaves. There are three ways to protect leaves:

(1) cut off the spring and summer shoots in time and trim them once after the beginning of autumn, so that the autumn shoots can pass the winter.

(2) the room temperature should be kept at 5: 15 ℃.

(3) to control watering in winter, keep the water content of the basin soil at about 15%. When it is too dry, you should first water 70% of the water, and then water it again every other day, so as to avoid excessive moisture and topping off the leaves.

[raise autumn shoots well]

Bergamot has roots three times a year and shoots three times a year. Spring shoots grow in the greenhouse, with slender branches and large and thin leaves, which should be cut off in mid-March except for filling the air and raising neighboring fruit branches. Summer shoot is in "five." Before and after sprouting, it generally does not serve as the mother branch for the coming year, but should be cut off in mid-June. Only the branches after the Beginning of Autumn are stout, the internodes are short, the tissue is full, and the leaves are small and thick, which can be used as fruiting mother branches in the coming year, except for the weak ones.

[four Seasons Management]

Bergamot out of the room should be in late April to early May, put in the sun, leeward place, found that the tender leaves drooping timely watering, once thoroughly watered. The Beginning of Spring watered in the morning, the Beginning of Spring watered in the afternoon, and did not apply fertilizer in winter.

Spray water in time when the summer temperature is more than 35 ℃, keep the basin soil slightly moist, half moisture is appropriate, and should not be too wet and too dry.

From May to June, you can use cake fertilizer 1 to 1.5 kg, black alum (ferrous sulfate) 4% to water 50 kg.

From June to July, available cake fertilizer 5kg 7.5 kg, black alum 5% to water 50 kg; August available cake fertilizer 10 kg, black alum 6% mixed with water 50 kg liquid fertilizer respectively (liquid fertilizer for at least 2 months, the longer the better). Pay attention to not topdressing when just sprouting, so as not to hurt new roots, stop topdressing when autumn shoots are full, and prevent new shoots from wasting nutrients.

After Frosts Descent enters the room, the temperature is kept at 5: 15 ℃, put it where the sun can shine, and pay attention to opening the window for ventilation. Spray the leaf surface with 10 ℃ of warm water every 2-3 days to keep the humidity of the basin soil at about 50%. When dry, it should be watered in time.

[pest control]

Bergamot mainly has aphids, red spiders, blow cotton shell insects and so on. The temperature is low in winter, it is appropriate to move bergamot to the sunny place to warm up, so as to avoid frostbite. The main diseases and insect pests of bergamot are anthracnose, scab, soot, leaf moth, shell insects and red spiders, which should be controlled in time. Red spiders and aphids harm leaves, flowers and young fruits, which can be sprayed with 1000 times dimethoate solution; cotton scale can be prepared with 1000 times 25% ammonium parathion solution to control or artificially kill adults.

Time: 2019-05-31 Click: