Wandai orchid planting method

Vanda orchid is a large category of tropical orchid, but also a strong tropical orchid family. Its scientific name Vanda was originally Sanskrit in India, meaning orchid hanging on tree. Some people think that the word itself means "orchid" in India. In any case, it can be inferred from this generic name that Vanda was first discovered in India. Chinese experts translated it as "ten thousand generations", probably because it has strong vitality and can be passed down forever from generation to generation.

Vanda orchids is a typical tropical aerial plant, which grows on other plants or rocks by means of developed roots. The root is thicker and greyish white, and the root cap is often green. It is the main vegetative organ of Vanda orchids. The leaves are arranged on both sides of the stem, and the leaves are separated from each other. The stem can be seen. The leaves can be divided into two categories according to the type, one is round rod; the other leaves are belt-shaped V-shaped flat leaves. Both varieties described in this paper are such leaves. The leaves of Vandaia latifolia are thicker and have stronger drought tolerance. Stems lignify harder. The flowers are large and bright in color, and the colors are rich in variety. There are spots or reticulations on the petals. The calyx resembles the petals. Stamen short, anther terminal, pollinia 2~4, attached to sticky disk stalk. Each flower can bloom for 2-3 weeks, usually from bottom to top, so each inflorescence can bloom for 1-2 months under normal conditions.

Vanda orchid is a strong member of the orchid family, belonging to the orchid Vanda orchid genus, there are about 50 original species, let's take a look at the cultivation of Vanda orchid.

[Reproduction]

Vanda propagation generally available high bud, tissue culture or truncated methods of propagation. The high bud method is to use the high buds grown in the axils of the old plants of Vanda in late autumn. When they grow to 5-7 cm, they are cut off from the mother plants with sharp and sterilized knives, and planted in pots containing snake sawdust. They can be transplanted to larger pots. Tissue culture propagation requires high technology, so it is not suitable for home practice. Truncation method propagation is to cut off the leaves near the top 8-10 layers with scissors, smear the incision with chlorothalonil powder, disinfect it and plant it in pot, water it and place it in a semi-shady and humid place. In addition, when the plants cultivated for many years grow to more than 1 meter, the terminal buds about 30-46 cm long can be cut off, and the two sides of the incision can be disinfected by applying medicine, and then planted in the pot and kept moist.

[Cultivation]

Depending on the purpose of production, cultivation methods are divided into two types. One is potted method: replace flowerpot with wooden frame (width 10×10cm height 5 cm), fix Vanda orchid seedling in the middle, fill some broken coconut coat, hang it on wooden frame with thin iron wire, and let root system be completely exposed to air. The second is cut flower cultivation method: square wood is made into a wooden frame with a height of 60cm, a width of 100 cm and a length of 100 cm, and the seedlings of Vanda orchids are fixed on the wooden frame with a plant spacing of 20cm, and then a layer of coconut coat with a thickness of 20-40cm is stacked at the root, so that the root system can adhere to growth and play a role in water and fertilizer conservation.

[Basin Earth]

Because the root of Vanda orchid belongs to aerial root, any medium with good drainage can be applied, such as snake sawdust, broken brick, charcoal, coarse gravel sand, etc., whether used alone or in combination, it is a good basin soil. In addition to the medium, the pot for planting Vanda orchids must also be very careful. Among the pots made of various materials, wooden battens and pottery pots are preferred, and several holes are perforated in the pots, which is more conducive to good drainage and air circulation. In addition to wooden battens and pottery pots, Vanda orchids can also grow well on snake boards or tree trunks. No matter what kind of cultivation method is used, remember that the pot soil must be drained and ventilated very well.

[Light]

Vanda leaves thick leather, rich in water content. Can withstand strong sunlight. However, the summer sun can also generally shade 30%, so as not to yellow the leaves, affecting the ornamental effect of the whole plant, especially potted varieties. Vanda orchid but a lack of light, plants will grow weak, and because of the accumulation of nutrients in the body less difficult to have flowers. Therefore, potted Vanda orchids should adjust their position with the changes of the four seasons of sunlight so that they can absorb the most appropriate amount of sunlight. The above general varieties of Vanda need strong light, only 40-50% shading net is needed in local high temperature season, and even shading is not needed in winter.

[Temperature]

Most of the Vanda orchid varieties should be cultivated in a warm and humid environment. The optimum temperature for its growth is 20-30℃. If the growth period does not reach this temperature, the Vanda orchid planted will be difficult to bloom or even not bloom. Winter is the key to the success of planting Vanda orchids. If the temperature can be kept above 20℃ during the day and above 15℃ at night, it can survive safely. If the accumulated temperature is not enough throughout the year, the plant will become thin and sickly, not to mention flowering. Winter to enter the cultivation, such as no heating, artificial heating to 20℃, in order to adapt to its normal growth needs. All the orchids cultivated in Xishuangbanna like high temperature environment. The optimum temperature is 20-30℃. Because there is no frost all year round, Vanda orchids can bloom normally in any season.

[Humidity]

Vanda orchid is an aerial orchid with strong aerial root groups, so it needs a well-ventilated environment for its strong respiratory metabolism during its vigorous growth period. Stagnation of sultry air will hinder the respiratory metabolism of orchid plants, affecting their normal growth. Therefore, the cultivation environment of potted Vanda orchids should choose the open land without obstacles. Indoor growers should choose close to the window, so as to open the window at any time to enhance ventilation and exchange of fresh air. If necessary, you can also start the electric fan blowing, blowing away the sultry air.

[Watering]

Vanda orchids, like other tropical orchids, like to grow in humid environments, especially in the hot summer months, humidity can be conducive to its continued growth. Therefore, sufficient water should be provided during the spring, summer and autumn growing periods, watering once a day in the morning and evening, and spraying water fog on the plants frequently to alleviate the overheating temperature. Winter temperature drops sharply, at this time watering can be reduced to 2-3 days once, to plant material dry after full watering shall prevail, and remember not to leave water in the bottom of the basin, otherwise easy to make the roots rot. Both species are typical tropical aerial plants and must be managed with adequate moisture and humidity. In the rainy season, natural conditions can maintain vigorous growth. In dry season, artificial drinks must be used to keep the humidity of the air at about 80%.

[Fertilization]

Vanda orchids are stout and tall, and naturally require more fertilizer than other tropical orchids. Therefore, thin liquid fertilizer can be applied once a week during the vigorous growth period, and spraying leaves with potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1000 times per month can increase the nutrient accumulation of Vanda orchid, which is beneficial to flowering and enhancing cold resistance. In winter, fertilizer can be reduced during growth retardation, about once a month is more appropriate, or diluted fertilizer can be applied once every 7-10 days. The best fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in a ratio of 10:10:5. Fertilization can be stopped during the flowering period until the end of flowering period.

[Change basin]

Vanda orchids should not be changed frequently, unless they are infested by pests and diseases, otherwise they can only be changed once every at least 3 years. Spring Vanda is about to enter the vigorous growth period, is a good time to change pots. The root system of Vanda orchid, which has grown for many years, will be tightly attached to the inner wall of the pot. Therefore, if it is planted in a pottery pot, it is best to break the pot, change the pot, remove the old plant material and rotten pot fragments, put the plant into the new pot and compact the plant material. After watering, put it in a semi-shady and humid place, so as not to hurt the root system when taking out the plant. In order to enhance the ventilation of Vanda orchid aerial root, it is more suitable to plant Vanda orchid in plain burning earthen pot or wooden frame hanging pot with holes on the edge.

[Ventilation]

Vanda orchid is an aerial orchid with strong aerial root groups, so it needs a well-ventilated environment for its strong respiratory metabolism during its vigorous growth period. Stagnation of sultry air will hinder the respiratory metabolism of orchid plants, affecting their normal growth. Therefore, the cultivation environment of potted Vanda orchids should choose the open land without obstacles. Indoor growers should choose close to the window, so as to open the window at any time to enhance ventilation and exchange of fresh air. If necessary, you can also start the electric fan blowing, blowing away the sultry air. Keep in mind that poor ventilation is usually the cause of scale insects and red spiders, and that spraying should be accompanied by immediate improvement in ventilation conditions to prevent the recurrence of these pests.

[Pest Control]

The tough leaves are the main reason why Vanda orchids are less susceptible to diseases and pests. Apart from snails and slugs, common pests are less common on robust Vanda orchids. But when water stays in the leaves for too long, or is infected by viruses, dark spots or patches often appear and decay gradually. If the condition is mild, the affected part can be excised. If the decay is too extensive, the whole orchid must be discarded to avoid infecting other orchids.

Time: 2019-05-25 Click: