How is the seed gathering and sowing of cyclamen carried out? how big and rotten can the roots still live?

Cyclamen is a perennial herb, which is a kind of flower commonly planted in our daily life. many people raise it as indoor bonsai, adding some beauty to the courtyard, but many novice friends ask: how is the seed collection and sowing of cyclamen? In addition, many people will have the problem of rotting cyclamen roots due to improper watering, so how big and rotten cyclamen roots can still live? The following editor will uncover the above questions for you one by one.

The growth habit of cyclamen cyclamen is warm, afraid of heat, and grows best in cool environments and fertile sandy loam rich in humus. More cold-resistant, can withstand 0 ℃ of low temperature will not be frozen. The growth season is from autumn to spring in the second year. The growth temperature is semi-dormant in summer, and the suitable growth temperature in winter is between 12-16 ℃. The promotion of flowering should not exceed 18-22 ℃. The plants above 0 ℃ will enter dormancy. The plants above 35 ℃ are easy to rot and die, and can tolerate low temperature in winter, but the growth is slow, the flower color is dim and flowering is less than 5 ℃. Carbon dioxide supplementation in winter can promote growth and flowering, requiring moist air and sufficient sunshine during the growing period. Seed collection and treatment of cyclamen the seeds of cyclamen can only be obtained after artificial pollination. The seeds generally mature in May and should be harvested in time. The seed is larger, the weight of a thousand seeds is about 10 grams, and the general germination rate is 85-95%. In order to promote seed germination, seeds can be soaked before sowing, soaked in cold water for 24 hours or 30 ℃ in warm water for 2 hours or 3 hours, then wash the adhesion on the seed surface, wrap it in a wet cloth to accelerate germination, keep the temperature 25 ℃ for 1 to 2 days, and sow seeds after a little germination. Cyclamen sowing method the sowing time of cyclamen is usually from September to October, you can sow it in an ordinary flowerpot. The sown soil had better be a sandy loam rich in humus and sifted before use. When sowing, first put the soil in the basin and sprinkle it thoroughly with a spray pot. After the water has completely seeped, sow the seeds in the basin at a distance of 1cm to 1.5cm. After sowing, cover the soil with 0.5cm, cover with glass or plastic film to moisturize, and place in the half shade of 20: 22 ℃. When the basin soil is slightly dry, the basin soaking method is used to soak the water, so that the basin soil is often moist, and seedlings can emerge in about 20 days under normal circumstances.

Seedling management 1. Seedling division: when the seeding seedlings grow a true leaf, the seedlings are divided for the first time and moved into a shallow basin with a distance of 3.5 cm. The basin soil is mixed with rotten leaf soil 5, loam 3 and river sand 2. When planting, the top of the ball should be level with the soil surface. Soak in water after planting and shade properly. When the seedlings resume growth, gradually give light, strengthen ventilation, do not make the basin soil dry, the temperature is kept at 15 ℃ ~ 18 ℃, appropriate forced application of nitrogen fertilizer, pay attention not to make fertilizer and water stain the leaf surface, so as not to cause leaf rot. Sprinkle water once after fertilization to keep the leaves clean. 2. Transplanting: when the seedlings grow to 3 to 5 leaves, move into a 10 cm basin, and the ratio of basin soil can be changed to 30% of rotten leaf soil, 20% of loam soil, 10% of river sand, and apply rotten cake fertilizer and bone powder as base fertilizer. After March to April, the temperature gradually increased, the leaves of the plant increased, the growth grew, and the demand for fertilizer and water also increased. We should strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, keep the basin soil moist and strengthen ventilation, cover the strong sunlight at noon and keep the temperature as low as possible. Prevent Rain Water and the basin soil from getting too wet to avoid bulb rot. It should be cultivated in a shade with rain-proof equipment outdoors. 3. Fixed value: planted in a 20cm basin in September, the bulb can be planted on the surface of the soil. The basin soil is 30% of rotten leaf soil, 20% of loam soil and 10% of river sand, but it is necessary to apply more base fertilizer. Forced fertilizer should be applied more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote flower bud differentiation. After the bud appeared in November, stop topdressing, give sufficient light, begin to blossom in December, and reach full flowering in February of the following year, that is, it takes about 13 to 15 months from sowing to flowering. Cyclamen daily maintenance and management 1, seedling stage: the first leaf is long, when the real leaf is first emerging, it is necessary to transplant. When the seedling has 4 leaves, it can be planted in a flowerpot with a diameter of 10cm. Later, as the plant grows, the larger flowerpot will be replaced, and the time to change the pot should not exceed June at the latest. If the seedling is small, you can let it stay in a small flowerpot for the summer. Seedlings need sunshade. In hot weather, we should often loosen soil, weed, water and fertilize. 2. Summer seedling preservation stage: the summer temperature is high, which is not conducive to cyclamen growth. The application of cooling equipment to reduce the environmental temperature can make it safe to spend the summer. In order to avoid high temperature, two-layer shading net can be used to shade the sun, control watering and stop fertilization. 3. The stage of flowering in the first year: the growth can be restored after autumn, which can gradually increase the amount of water and apply thin fertilizer. Put it in a sunny place in mid-October. The greenhouse air should be moist. Fertilize 2m / m / m 3 times per month. Fertilization is generally not required from mid-December to early February, but it can not be stopped in a higher temperature environment. It usually begins to bloom in November. 4. Summer bulb dormant stage: after May, the leaves gradually yellowed, should gradually stop watering, make it dormant. After the leaves have withered, they should be placed in a low temperature and ventilated environment to make the bulbs safe to spend the summer. The basin is usually placed in a cool and sheltered place. 5. The flowering stage of the second year: after the hot summer, water slightly to make the bulbs sprout again. After sprouting, change the pot with the newly cultivated soil to get rid of the rotten root system. Keep it in the greenhouse and blossom in about 12 months. After flowering, it entered the summer bulb dormancy period. Newly propagated seedlings usually begin to bloom in November. If the temperature is kept at 15 ℃-20 ℃ at the budding stage, spraying gibberellin of 100mg/L on the buds and pedicels can promote pedicel elongation and accelerate flowering. Cyclamen bulb rot is generally caused by diseases such as soft rot. The following conditions are easy to cause diseases: ① fertilizer and water imbalance. The sudden change of fertilizer and water will promote the growth of leaves and make the bulbs increase rapidly, which is easy to make the bulbs split longitudinally. These cracks can easily lead to the invasion of germs and get sick. ② is overwatered. Cyclamen likes a moist and breathable soil environment. Too much watering can lead to root and bulb rot. Long-term accumulation of water at the top of ③ bulb. When burying the ball too deep on the basin, or pouring it on the bulb root, resulting in long-term stagnant water at the top of the bulb root, it is easy to cause soft rot. ④ was drenched by Rain Water during his summer dormancy. Cyclamen in summer dormancy, should be placed in the indoor sun, rain can not get to the ventilation, cool place, so that it is safe to pass the summer. If caught in the rain, it will cause the bulb to rot. When ⑤ turned the basin, the root system was damaged, causing bacteria to infect from the wound. ⑥ is hot. Cyclamen likes to be cold and avoid high temperature. Dormancy begins when the temperature is higher than 30 ℃, and plants rot easily when the temperature exceeds 36 ℃. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably fertilize and water when planting, to prevent uneven fertilizer and water and too wet watering; to expose the bulb root to the soil when watering, and to avoid watering the bulb root; when summer dormancy, to keep the basin soil dry to prevent rain; after turning the basin and pruning, soak the bulb root for half an hour with drugs such as chlorothalonil or carbendazim, and then put it on the basin after drying. In this way, the rot of cyclamen bulb can be basically prevented.

Time: 2019-05-04 Click: