Prevention and control of common diseases and insect pests in sesame

Sesame is a very important oil crop in China. And there are a lot of delicious dishes can not be separated from sesame, the planting area in our country is very extensive. However, when we plant sesame seeds, we often encounter some problems that harm the growth of sesame seeds. Among them, diseases and insect pests are the most harmful. So what are the common diseases and insect pests of sesame? How to prevent and cure it? Let's take a look at it with the editor.

1. Sesame blight

Symptoms: Sesame blight is the most common disease in sesame seedling stage. After the disease of the seedlings, dark disease spots will be produced in the stem, and then gradually spread around the stem. Resulting in serious damage to the stem to form a linear, seedling lodging, serious will lead to the lower leaves of the plant withered and withered.

Prevention and control methods: first of all, we should select an excellent variety to ensure good disease resistance, disinfect the seeds before sowing, and mix seeds with thiram and other agents. Then do a good job of soil preparation, disinfect the soil deeply and eliminate the germs in the soil.

2. Sesame root rot

Symptoms: the root rot of sesame mainly harms the base of the stem of sesame plant. In the early stage of the disease, dark plaques will appear at the base of the stem, but the dividing line is not obvious. Then it gradually becomes a symptom of black rot, and if you peel off the skin, you will find that the inside is red. It causes the whole sesame plant to wither and die gradually.

Prevention and control methods: when we choose to plant plots, we should pay attention to the topography of the plots, not in low-lying areas prone to stagnant water. Then in the planting process to strengthen management, not too much watering, to prevent excessive humidity in the field, resulting in stagnant water retting roots. Drainage should be carried out in time in case of rainy season or stagnant water.

3. Sesame mosaic disease

Symptoms: Sesame mosaic disease, as the name implies, mainly harms the leaves of the plant. After the onset of mosaic disease, the stem will be twisted and the plant can not grow tall. The seed setting rate is very low or even not fruiting, and the quality and yield are seriously affected.

Control methods: pay attention to the next plot and soil crops, should not be peanuts and other crops, otherwise it is easy to produce soil-borne diseases. Then the seeds with strong disease resistance should be selected and the management should be strengthened. at the same time, we should pay attention to the prevention and control of aphids and prevent them from carrying germs.

4. Sesame angular spot

Symptoms: Sesame angular spot can occur in sesame at any time, generally concentrated in the seedling stage. The mortality rate of seedlings is very high after the disease, and water-like spots will appear on the leaves of seedlings. And then gradually expand into a dark polygonal spot. And it will develop along the leaf veins, resulting in damage to the leaves of the whole plant. After the top was damaged, it could not continue to grow, resulting in plant death.

Prevention and control methods: before sowing, warm water, copper sulfate and other agents should be used for disinfection to eliminate germs in the seeds. Or select excellent hybrid varieties to cultivate sesame varieties with strong disease resistance. Then do a good job of water management, timely discharge of stagnant water, after harvest to do a good job of clearing the garden, burning sick and disabled bodies and weeds. Copper oxychloride and other agents were used for prevention and treatment after the disease.

The above is a brief introduction to the common diseases and insect pests of sesame. Sesame common pests are small tigers, aphids and so on, pests will also carry germs, so we must pay more attention.