Where can I grow mandarin? How many years does it blossom? How many kilograms per mu? Attached high-yield cultivation techniques

The fertile mandarin mainly takes the early autumn shoot as the fruiting mother branch, and the fruiting shoot is mostly leafy flower branch, and the fruit setting rate is higher in the middle and lower part of the crown. So where can I grow oranges? How many years does it blossom? How many kilograms per mu? Now tidy up the high-yield cultivation techniques for you.

Where can mandarin be planted?

Both north and south have a history of planting.

Fertile mandarin is a late-maturing hybrid orange variety with high quality and high sugar, which has the characteristics of strong tree potential, easy cultivation and management, early fruiting and high yield, beautiful fruit appearance, tender pulp, sweet juice, high sugar and low acid, and so on. therefore, it has obvious market prospects and price advantages. At present, many late-ripening oranges developed in production, such as unknown Fire, Taroko Blood Orange New Line, Qingjian, less Nuclear Mercot, etc., will have obvious fruit drop in winter in Chongqing, which need to be sprayed with fruit protectant, while the fruit of Wo citrus has been hanging for a long time and less fruit drop in winter, so it is very suitable to develop vigorously in the mid-tropical citrus producing areas with an average annual temperature of more than 17.8 ℃. Chongqing area can be popularized and planted in the three Gorges Reservoir area below 420m above sea level.

Planting on purple soil and barren sloping land should also strengthen soil improvement, apply more organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, ensure that the leaf color is thick green, reduce the occurrence of element deficiency, and lay the foundation for rapid crown formation and early fruiting. The mandarin trees are strong and have dense leaves. In order to promote the early fruiting of young trees, we should strengthen tree shaping, improve the inner chamber light of the crown, and promote the production of high-quality fruits.

There are more dew column flowers in the flowering stage, which will not have much effect on the seed setting rate, but because of the high yield, the long time of hanging the fruit, and the high nutrition consumption of the tree in winter, it is easy to produce fruit in large and small years under the condition of poor management. therefore, in order to ensure sustained high yield, attention should be paid to the fruit carrying capacity of the tree and the fruit should be picked in time. At the same time, the management of soil fertilizer and water should be strengthened in time after fruit picking, and cruller and other organic fertilizers can be applied to restore tree potential.

In addition, foliar fertilizer should be applied in time before flowering, and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.2% borax should be sprayed. There are a large number of seeds, and the number of seeds can be reduced by planting in isolation or concentrated into pieces in production. The control of diseases and insect pests can be carried out according to the cultivation and management of general citrus varieties.

Yield performance

This variety mainly takes the early autumn shoot as the fruiting mother branch, and the fruiting shoot is mostly leafy flower branch, and the fruit setting rate is higher in the middle and lower part of the crown. The grafted seedlings of "fertile mandarin" on Fructus Aurantii rootstock began to test flowers after 3 years of planting. The plant yield reached 5.1 kg in the fourth year and 19.7 kg in the fifth year. In the second year, the yield per plant was between 3.4kg and 10.4kg. In the third year, the plant yield could reach 17.2kg, and the yield per mu was about 1400 kg.

High-yield cultivation techniques of Wo Citrus

Preparation of mandarin saplings

When cultivating fertile orange, it is necessary to ensure that the plant type of fertile citrus seedlings is good and the root system is intact, especially without carrying the pathogens of quarantine diseases such as citrus Huanglong disease, canker disease, decline disease and so on. Ziyang orange, sour orange and red orange are the main rootstocks in dry sloping land or alkaline soil, and big-leaf Fructus Aurantii is used as rootstock in paddy field.

Garden soil tillage

Choose loose, fertile, good drainage and irrigation, leeward to the sun or paddy field to build a garden, and those with a small slope can use a large horsepower tractor with a single plow to carry out deep ploughing in the whole orchard, ploughing the field in the direction of contours or vertical roads when the soil moisture is low, ploughing at a depth of 60cm to 70cm, and then raking once or twice to level off. Then, according to the drainage condition of sloping land, flat land or paddy field, dig the drainage ditch with hook machine. You can also use a large hook machine to hook the whole park at a depth of more than 60 centimeters, and then rake it flat. Or dig the planting pit 1 meter wide and 0.6 meters deep, put 50 kilograms of retted organic fertilizer and 1 kilogram of calcium superphosphate mixed with the soil and return to the pit, the soil is higher than the ground.

Planting technique of fertile mandarin

The main results are as follows: 1. Planting density: the planting distance of fertile mandarin is 230m, the row spacing is 340m, and 56110plants per mu are planted, which can be selected according to planting preference and management level.

2. Planting time: the planting time of fertile mandarin is from February to early May, when the temperature rises, when there is more rainfall or when it is cloudy, it can also be planted from September to November, when it rains or when it is cloudy, and container seedlings can be planted throughout the year.

3. Planting method: the bare root seedlings of Wo Citrus can be soaked in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for about 2 minutes, and then rinsed with clean water for about 3 minutes, which can kill the bacteria on the surface of the plants. then soak the roots of Wo Citrus seedlings in sterilization, insecticidal, nutrient solution and other solutions for about 8 hours, take out the seedlings and stick to the yellow mud hit by this solution.

Young tree management of mandarin

1. Fertilizer and water management: fertile mandarin grows very strongly and needs great water and fertilizer. The integrated drip irrigation device of water and fertilizer should be installed as far as possible, which mainly includes fertilizer dissolving pool, pool, filter, pump, main pipe, branch pipe, switch, drip belt, drip head and so on. The goal of young trees is to cultivate the crown rapidly, so as to apply only once a year as base fertilizer, about 15 kg of organic fertilizer per plant and 2 kg of compound fertilizer.

2. Shaping and pruning: the ability of mandarin shoots is very strong. Under the condition of good water and fertilizer in Nanning, Guangxi, young trees can sprout new shoots 6 or 7 times a year. If they are not controlled, the shoots are short and weak. After the seedlings are planted, the height of the main stem is about 20cm to 30cm, and then it is pruned according to the guiding ideology of the method of "one fork and three branches", that is, about three uniform and stout branches are left on each branch, and the excess branches are erased. The overlong branches are cut short when the branches are mature, and the length of each branch is 20cm to 25cm. This method has clear shaping guiding ideology, easy to operate, and can also make the whole tree shape reasonable. The branches can be sturdy, mature as soon as possible and sprout new buds, which is beneficial to the simplified management of fertile mandarin fruit trees.

Adult tree management of mandarin

1. Fertilizer and water management: it can be summarized into three sentences: "Spring nitrogen, summer potassium and autumn compound, bran drenched during expansion, and heavy application to promote recovery after harvest". 50 kg of fermented organic fertilizer was applied once a year, and peanut bran and calcium superphosphate were added. During the fruit expansion period from September to December, attention should be paid to strengthening water and fertilizer irrigation during drought, and frequent and thin application, and attention should be paid to controlling moisture during fruit ripening period from January to March in order to increase sugar accumulation.

2. Plastic surgery and pruning: it can be summarized as four sentences: "keep spring shoots as appropriate, cut summer shoots, release autumn shoots uniformly, and strictly control winter shoots." That is, when the spring shoot grows to 5 cm long, each shoot leaves 2 or 3 strong buds in different directions. the principle of keeping buds is sparse and sparse, short and long, weak and strong, excessively vigorous branches with 6 leaves and 7 leaves, all summer shoots are cut off, autumn shoots are uniformly released from early August to mid-early September, and sporadic buds are erased. If the tree is weak, a small amount of late autumn shoots can be left, and the rest and winter shoots will be wiped out. Winter pruning is based on ventilation and light, reasonable distribution of branches and tight crown, cutting off the branches of diseases and insect pests, burning them centrally, and clearing the garden at the same time.

3. Flower and fruit management: fertile citrus has many flowers, high fruit setting rate and less fruit drop in the later stage, which is easy to cause insufficient nutrition supply, poor growth and development of flowers and fruits, small fruit, rough pericarp, poor quality and annual fruit. Therefore, attention should be paid to fruit thinning in the Lunar New year, which can be divided into two times. After the physiological fruit drop, there are about 300 fruits left in the second time, which is calculated according to 3 1 jin. According to the tree potential of 3 ~ 4 years, the fruit tree should be 40 kilograms and 50 kilograms per tree. Young people should pay attention to spraying foliar fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate to protect flowers and fruits. In order to achieve a bumper harvest every year.

4. Timely harvest: fertile oranges can be harvested in early January and have a high maturity around mid-February. They can mainly supply two important festivals, Spring Festival and Yuanxiao. They should be harvested before mid-early March and should not be harvested too late so as not to affect the flowering of next season. The clean mandarin can be kept at room temperature for more than a month, and the unclean pericarp surface is vulnerable to green mold and penicillium. The main processes of commercial treatment of mandarin include harvesting-handling-cleaning-fungicide treatment-waxing-grading-labeling-packing and so on. Fungicide treatment can be treated with 2000 mg / kg of mildew inhibition, 45% promethrin 2000 times liquid and so on.

Time: 2019-03-19 Click: