When is the best time to plant strawberries? Don't plant it the old-fashioned way, double your yield!

Strawberries are spring fruits, and a large number of fresh strawberries are generally on the market in February and March every year. So when is the best time to plant strawberries? At present, many people are still using the old-fashioned method of growing strawberries. No wonder the yield is not high. Today, the planting methods for high-yield strawberries are as follows:

When is the best time to plant strawberries?

Strawberry growers actually grow strawberries all year round, but the best time to plant them is in March and April of each year. The central time is as follows:

1. The best time to plant strawberry seeds is from July to August each year. Strawberry seeds are harvested from November of that year to March of the following year, but can not be planted with the old-fashioned planting method.

two。 Strawberry seedlings are normally planted in March-April of each year, and strawberries can be ripe and harvested in June-July.

Second, strawberry seedling planting method: in this way, the annual income can reach 40,000 yuan!

1. Greenhouse construction

Strawberry cultivation in winter is mainly carried out in greenhouses. Due to the difference of climate, winter warm solar greenhouses are generally used in the north, while plastic arch greenhouses are mostly used in the south.

The winter warm solar greenhouse has good thermal insulation performance and convenient management. Red brick or soil embryo is used as the wall material, and the hot-dip galvanized steel pipe is set up as the skeleton of the greenhouse, which is covered with special film. In winter, in order to achieve the effect of thermal insulation, we also need to cover the thermal insulation quilt. There are two types of thermal insulation quilt, grass quilt and silk cotton, the price of these two kinds of thermal insulation quilt is quite different. Most of the thermal insulation quilts are opened and closed by electric shutter with a high degree of automation, which can save a lot of labor. This kind of winter warm greenhouse has 8 meters, 10 meters and other width, and the length can be within 100 meters according to the plot. The cost is about 100-300 yuan per square meter.

The plastic arch shed is relatively simple and the cost is relatively low. it is mainly composed of steel pipe skeleton and greenhouse film. The steel pipe is directly inserted into the ground by machine bending (or cement pier or ring beam can also be hit), and then the film is fastened to the skeleton with a spring slot. This kind of arch shed is generally about 3 meters in height, 8 meters in width and 10 meters in width, and the length is optional according to the plot, but the thermal insulation performance is poor, but it is suitable for use in the south in winter, and the cost is about 30 or 40 yuan per square meter, which is acceptable to ordinary people.

two。 Cultivation mode

Strawberry cultivation can choose many cultivation methods, simple direct cultivation in the soil, if you want to improve the cultivation level, you can choose three-dimensional cultivation model.

Soil is the foundation of strawberry survival, so it is necessary to take care of the soil before strawberry planting in greenhouse. Strawberry planting should choose soil with loose soil and good drainage and ventilation. First of all, clean up the soil, remove the rubbish from the surface and make a deep dig. Secondly, the winter production limits the watering times, and it is inconvenient to topdressing. Therefore, it is very important to apply sufficient base fertilizer to apply about 5000 kilograms of farm manure per mu of land, or to ferment organic manure by using wastes such as farm livestock manure and straw, so as to save production costs and increase the content of beneficial bacteria in the soil. assist strawberries in absorbing beneficial elements. Ploughing time should be early, it is best to lie in front of the sun, so that the soil mature. Make ridges and ridges according to the requirements of planting. In the north, the flat border is generally planted, and the border length is determined according to the width of the greenhouse, with a width of 1-0.8 meters and a ridge height of about 15 centimeters.

There are many kinds of three-dimensional cultivation modes, such as column type, A-frame type, rotary type, trough type, hanging type and so on. The three-dimensional cultivation mode has high scientific and technological content and high level of automation. Watering and fertilization all adopt the integrated technology of water and fertilizer, and it is also beautiful at the same time. It is more suitable for the development of leisure picking, which can improve the market value of strawberries.

3. Strawberry varieties in greenhouse in winter

Choosing grass to be cultivated in arch shed every winter, we should choose varieties with short dormant period, and there are many new varieties of strawberries on the market every year, so growers need to choose properly according to the market situation. The general southern selection of sweet Charlie, Fengxiang, Tudra, Nvfeng, Chunxiang, Baojiao Zaosheng, Yi Nu, Xingxiang and so on. Northern regions generally choose cold-tolerant varieties with a long dormant period, such as Virginia, all-Star, Darcy Lecter, Zhang Ji, Tianxiang, etc., but when planted in greenhouses, there are not too many requirements for climate.

4. Strawberry planting in greenhouse in winter

The planting time of greenhouse cultivation should be determined according to the degree of top flower bud differentiation. Through microscopic examination, it can be planted when the top flower bud differentiation rate reaches 50%. In production practice, if the shortened stem shows obvious bow back, the ear leaf appears on the petiole at the base of the leaf, and the flower bud differentiation is achieved at this time. The planting time was in the middle and late September. Plant 6000-8000 plants per mu. When planting, the root neck is arched back to the edge of the trench, and the root system is required to be cut in half, otherwise it will cause the seedling itself to grow, the number of flowering increases, and the shape of the fruit becomes smaller. The planting depth requires that the core and stem of the seedling should be flush with the soil surface, so that the root is not exposed and the heart is not buried. Immediately after planting, the seedlings were watered once, and then watered timely according to the dry and wet condition of the soil, in order to survive and turn green.

5. Management of strawberries after planting in greenhouse in winter

(1) Plant management

When strawberry seedlings grow into buds, it is generally required to retain 5-6 leaves and one bud, remove too many old leaves, cotyledons and axillary buds in time, remove old leaves and withered leaves that turn yellow after flowering and bear fruit, and remove stolons in time to reduce consumption. Remove small branches and weak fruits. Generally, there are 7-9 fruits per peduncle to increase the fruit and improve the quality.

(2) temperature and humidity management

The optimum temperature for strawberry growth is 20-28 degrees. High temperature above 36 ℃ and low temperature below 5 degrees are disadvantageous to strawberry growth. The temperature is generally controlled between 25-28 ℃ during the day, not more than 30 degrees, and 7 degrees at night. The early flowering stage is kept at 25 degrees, and the flowering stage is controlled at 23 degrees. Between late December and the end of January, when the greenhouse temperature is lower than 5 degrees, a small arch shed should be set up in the greenhouse, and three-layer film should be used for heat preservation at extremely low temperatures. The humidity in the greenhouse should be controlled below 80% before flowering, and 60% from flowering to fruit expansion. In order to prevent the disease of high temperature and humidity, ventilation should be carried out around noon. In April of the following year, the obvious rise in temperature can remove the membrane on both sides of the greenhouse, increase ventilation, play the role of cooling and humidity, and prolong the production period of fruit.

(3) the peak of pollination at flowering stage.

Although strawberries can self-pollinate and bear fruit, there is a lack of spreading insects in the greenhouse, resulting in poor pollination and deformed fruit. The use of bee release to assist cross-pollination has an obvious effect on improving quality and increasing yield. Bee release should be carried out in the early flowering stage, flowering should not be sprayed, so as not to affect pollination to produce deformed fruit. And appropriate thinning of flowers and fruits, so as to go high and stay low, go weak and stay strong.

(4) Fertilizer and water management

Strawberries in greenhouse are full of base fertilizer, and most of them are organic fertilizer, so the amount of topdressing is less. However, according to the growth of strawberries, timely supplement of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and multiple trace elements can not be ignored. Strawberries require sufficient water in the whole growth process, and the soil moisture can be slightly drier during flowering, and more water is needed during the vigorous growth period of strawberries. Irrigation can be combined with fertilization, and the fertilizer can be dissolved in water into about 1000 times solution. When the soil moisture is high, the fertilizer solution can be directly applied into the soil through the pipeline, and when the soil is dry, the fertilizer can be diluted to 4000 times, and the method of pipeline irrigation can also be used, which is both labor-saving and convenient.

(5) Disease and pest control

No matter what is planted, diseases and insect pests are always accompanied. The main diseases of strawberries are aphids, leaf mites, gray mold, powdery mildew, bud blight and so on. At present, the methods of picking old leaves, ventilation and light should be adopted for the occurrence of bud blight in some strawberry planting areas. Nowadays, the biological control technology is mostly used in the pest control of strawberries, which can be used to kill insects by hanging armyworm boards and insecticidal lamps in the greenhouse.

The above are the planting methods of strawberry seedlings, remember to collect them!

Second, strawberry seed planting method, so that your yield will be doubled!

1. Reserve seed

You can pick off the strawberry seeds with a toothpick when eating strawberries, or buy ready-made strawberry seeds. In order to improve the germination rate of seeds, the seeds can be wrapped in gauze before sowing, soaked for 24 hours, and treated in the refrigerator at a low temperature of 0 ℃ ~ 3 ℃ for about 15 days to break the seed dormancy and then sow.

two。 Sowing seeds

Strawberry seeds are small and must be fine when sowing. The simplest method is to fill the flowerpot with sifted fine sand loam mixed with a part of fine humus soil and spray through water. Ceramic pots are generally selected because ceramic pots are permeable and easy to drain.

3. Emergence of seedlings

Spray through the water before sowing, spray through the seedling substrate, and those who directly use potted plants can spread the potted soil one centimeter below the height of the flowerpot, sowing the seeds evenly, and after sowing, cover with sifted fine soil of about 0.1 centimeters, or do not cover the soil. as long as your seedling substrate is soft enough, the pot is covered with plastic film to keep the soil moist. At the temperature of 25 ℃, seedlings can begin to emerge 15-25 days after sowing.

4. Transplant

The seedlings can be raised and transplanted after 3 ~ 4 months, and the row spacing is 20 cm to 30 cm. Trim off the large leaves, plant the depth as shown in the picture above, plant in the soft soil, pour through the fixed root water after planting, and put it in a semi-shady place. after a few days of slow seedling, the strawberries can grow smoothly.

5. Daily management

(1) Illumination: strawberries like sufficient light, preferably for more than half a day, and should be placed in a sunny and well-ventilated place.

(2) fertilization: potted strawberries blossom and bear fruit many times a year, resulting in high nutrient consumption, so it is necessary to strengthen nutrient supplement. Can be used animal hoofs, fish bones, poultry viscera, bean cake, etc., add water to mature fermentation, retting into liquid fertilizer or topdressing compound fertilizer. Usually top dressing once a week.

(3) watering: strawberries like to be wet but afraid of waterlogging. The topsoil is watered when it is almost dry. The soaking basin method can be used to end the basin when the water reaches the soil surface.

(4) pruning: potted strawberries should remove excess stolons, old leaves and diseased leaves in time to reduce nutrient consumption, so as to improve the fruit quality of potted strawberries.

(5) Yellow leaves: sometimes plants may have yellow leaves, but don't worry, just remove them. You can keep the yellow leaves in winter until the new leaves grow in the spring, and then remove the dead yellow leaves.

(6) shaping: you can use iron wire or bamboo sticks to make fruit racks of different shapes, put them into flowerpots and erect the ears, which can make the ears ventilated and transparent, make the fruits colored evenly, prevent soil from polluting the fruits and reduce the harm of diseases and insect pests. Stolons can also be used to model according to the principles of bonsai art to improve its ornamental value.

The above are the high-yield methods of strawberry seed planting, remember to collect them!

Conclusion: the above are the planting time and high-yield methods of strawberries for you. I hope they can help you. This paper is integrated with the network.

Time: 2019-03-14 Click: