What is saffron cultivation method? Is the outlook good?

Saffron, also known as saffron and saffron, has long leaves and dark flowers. In our country, the methods of breeding bulbs in the field and picking flowers indoors are mostly adopted, which saves labor and effort, and has high effective components and excellent quality of filaments. What is the planting method of saffron? Do you have a bright future?

I. planting methods of saffron

1. Treatment of seeding balls

The bulbs collected from filaments were planted in the field in mid-November. before planting, the bulbs were soaked in 25% carbendazim 500-600 times solution for 20 minutes to prevent the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.

2. Land preparation

Saffron is favored for continuous cropping. Choose sandy land with good drainage, loose and fertile land. Legumes, corn, rice and other crops had better be planted in the previous crop. Saffron belongs to shallow root plants with fibrous roots, so it is very important to apply adequate basal fertilizer. 4000-5000 kg of rotten farm manure is applied per mu. Attention should be paid when applying fertilizer, and the fertilizer should be scattered evenly on the ground.

3. Make beds

Combined with turning the ground, mix the base fertilizer into the soil and rake it flat. Dig ditch beds in the north-south direction, with a width of 1 meter, a height of 20 centimeters, and a spacing of 30-40 centimeters. The advantage of border cultivation is to increase soil ventilation, not easy to rot roots, but also help to cover plastic film in cold weather, and improve the effect of increasing temperature and preserving soil moisture. Trench the border surface with a depth of about 8 cm. The distance between the trenches is about 20 centimeters, and then you can sow all kinds of balls.

4. Sowing bulbs

Saffron propagates with bulbs, there are many main buds and lateral buds on the bulbs, the main buds bloom and lateral buds do not bloom, each bud can form a small corm, and the mother corm can grow 6-15 bulbs. If you don't wipe the buds, there will be more and more bulbs, and the yield of flowers will be lower and lower. Before planting, according to the principle of keeping big to small, strong to weak, it is necessary to peel off excess lateral buds. The number of bulbs needed to grow saffron is relatively large, about 500 kilograms per mu. The row spacing is 15-20 cm, the plant spacing is 10 cm, and the depth is 3mi 6 cm. The main buds of the bulb are compacted with upward cover soil. Reasonable depth is also an effective measure to increase filament yield, which can not only satisfy the growth of corms, but also inhibit the germination of new lateral buds. After sowing, the root should be watered once to make the bulb have enough water to grow. After 5-7 days, human and animal manure and water can be applied together, 3000-4000 kg per mu to promote early rooting of the corm.

5. Film mulching

The film will be covered if the weather is below 5 degrees in late November. Covering the film and compacting the film with soil blocks can not only prevent freezing and cold, but also reduce the growth of weeds and promote the growth of bulbs.

6. Uncover the film

When the temperature rises from late February to early March, the bulb will be able to uncover the film when it enters the green stage. Clean up the uncovered membrane so as not to pollute the environment.

7. Intermediate ploughing

After uncovering the film, the soil should be loosened and weeded in time. The depth of intertillage is 2-3 cm, be careful not to hurt the roots of the plant.

8. Topdressing

The period of corm returning to green is also a period of rapid increase and weight gain of corm. After uncovering the film, topdressing should be carried out in time. 3000-4000 kg of human and animal manure per mu should be applied together with watering, and topdressing again half a month later. From March to April, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed on the leaves every 10-15 days for 2-3 times to promote the rapid growth of the corm.

9. Remove the lateral buds

In April, saffron entered the late growth stage of the field. if lateral buds are found to grow, lateral buds should be removed in time so as not to affect the growth of large corms.

10. prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

The main disease of saffron after turning green is rot, and the pest is Robin root mite. The control method is to spray 25% carbendazim 500 times solution on the root of the plant after uncovering the film. If aphids appear on the leaves, dimethoate can be used to control them.

11. Harvest

Corms can be harvested when the aboveground branches and leaves of saffron turn yellow in mid-late May. Dig up the roots of the bulbs with a hoe during harvest, dig them out, remove the residual roots of branches and leaves, and dry them in the field for two days before collecting them in the storage room. Store in a cool and windy place.

Second, the planting prospect of saffron

Small flowers, have an unusual identity, do not look at this inconspicuous, but it is a valuable medicine, but also a valuable raw material for beauty cosmetics and spices, but also a valuable ornamental flower. At present, the cultivation of saffron has a history of more than 40 years, but the planting area of our country is only about 5000 mu, and the demand is far greater than the supply, so we rely on imports to maintain supply every year, so the author thinks that the prospect of planting saffron is quite good, but the investment is also quite high. It is understood that the investment per mu is more than 30,000, and the planting risk is also very high. If you do not understand the situation, planting is not recommended.

If the planting is successful, the income is about 100000 yuan per mu, plus the income of stamens, the gross profit per mu is about 150000 yuan. Saffron income is mainly divided into stamens and bulbs, stamens dried, about more than 10,000 yuan per jin, the most profitable is the bulb. It looks like garlic and grows for two years.

Time: 2019-03-13 Click: