How to grow "fruit queen" blueberries? What planting conditions do you need?

Blueberry is a small berry tree, a perennial shrub of the genus Ericaceae. Because its fruit is blue, it is called blueberry. It is native to North America and is mainly distributed in areas with a cool and sunny climate. China is mainly in Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Jilin and other areas. So how to grow "fruit queen" blueberries? What planting conditions do you need?

I. planting conditions of blueberries

1. Climate

Blueberries are mainly distributed in areas with cool and sunny climates. According to the climatic characteristics and the growth habits of different blueberry cultivars in China, the planting areas can be roughly divided into four producing areas: Changbai Mountain and Daxiaoxing'an Mountains, Liaodong Peninsula and Jiaodong Peninsula, Yangtze River Basin and South China.

two。 Soil

It is suitable for loose and acidic sandy soil, the optimum soil pH is 4.3-4.8, the content of soil organic matter is 812%, the best soil water level is 40~60cm, the soil is moist without stagnant water, the root distribution of blueberry is shallow, and it is sensitive to water deficiency. In most cases, it is necessary to irrigate in time according to soil moisture, and water sources with high salt content and high pH value should be avoided.

3. Topography

It is appropriate to choose flat land or gentle slope land. Although the mountain with large slope is beneficial to improve fruit quality, it brings a lot of inconvenience to field operation. Blueberry cultivation in valleys or low-lying plots should be avoided to avoid frost damage during flowering.

Second, the planting method of blueberry

1. Deep flip

After the blueberry orchard was selected, one year before planting, the combination of green manure and deep ploughing was suitable for 20~25cm and deep ripening. For the soil types that did not meet the requirements of blueberry, soil improvement should be carried out before planting to facilitate the growth of organic blueberry.

two。 Colonization

It is best to plant from autumn to early spring, it is suitable to plant in the rainy season in the dry places in autumn and winter, and can be planted all the year round in places with irrigation conditions. Soil mulching method is widely used in blueberry production. It has many functions, such as increasing soil organic matter, improving soil structure, regulating and maintaining soil moisture, reducing soil pH value, controlling weeds and so on.

3. Fertilizer application

Blueberries are advised to use organic fertilizer when fertilizing. The farmland in China has caused serious pollution due to excessive use of chemical fertilizer, and finally the land yield has been reduced or even eliminated. The effect of applying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is better than that of single fertilizer. Ammonium nitrogen fertilizer such as ammonium sulfate is better. Nitrate nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied, and chlorine-containing fertilizers such as ammonium chloride and potassium chloride should not be selected.

4. Irrigation

Timely irrigation is very necessary, but attention should be paid to water source and water quality. It can be irrigated with bottom water and river water, generally without deep well water. The pH value of deep well water is generally high and the contents of sodium and calcium are high. Sulfuric acid can be used to adjust the pH value to about 4.5-5.5.

5. Disease

The diseases of blueberry are caused by fungal diseases, bacterial diseases and nematodes, which mostly occur in the original areas, but our country is a new introduction and cultivation area, so the occurrence of diseases and insect pests is less, so we can do a good job of prevention.

6. Harvest

The ripening period of blueberry fruit is different between Rabbit Eye and Nangao Cong. Generally, the harvest lasts for 20 to 30 days, usually once a week. When the fruit is fresh, it should be picked manually and can be harvested mechanically.

The above is the introduction of the conditions and methods needed for blueberry planting by Tuliu.com. Blueberries are mainly distributed in areas with a cool and sunny climate, so the climatic conditions of the planting land are very important. In addition, fertilizer and water and field management in the planting process should also be done to ensure the yield of blueberries.

Time: 2019-03-13 Click: