Winter family potted flowers appear diseases and insect pests how to do?

In the north, many flowers spend the winter indoors, and because of the high indoor temperature, some pests of piercing mouthparts will still grow and propagate and spread to harm. In addition, there is also the possibility of breeding insect pests in some basin soil, so several simple and easy artificial control methods are introduced.

(1) Control aphids. Aphids are generally attached to tender branches, leaves or buds, and can be eliminated by washing with water. In order to prevent the buds from falling off, the current should be small when flushing the buds, and when flushing the leaves, use your hands to support the leaves. Rinsing several times a winter can not only control aphids, but also make flowers more fresh and gorgeous.

(2) Control whitefly. The larvae of whitefly are not afraid of water and can be gently wiped off with a cloth. The adults of whitefly can fly, and the stronger the light, the stronger the activity, so pay attention to observe and kill it in the early morning or evening.

(3) Prevention and control of insect pests. The insect is attached to the plant to survive, so that it can be separated from the plant to achieve the purpose of elimination. Bamboo needles, matchsticks and other things can be used to gently pull the insect out of the plant. You can also gently wipe off the insects on the branches and leaves with a cloth or a soft brush. Note that in the process of pest control, you must be careful to prevent damage to plants, especially leaves.

(4) Control red spiders. Generally, flowers affected by such pests show gray-yellow spots on the leaves, but it is difficult to observe with the naked eye, so it is best to observe with the help of a magnifying glass. If diseased leaves are found, remove them immediately and burn them centrally.

(5) to control flies in basin soil. Although the flies in the soil do little harm to the plants, they are also very annoying, so the diluted pesticide solution can be used to kill the eggs, and attention should be paid to the proportion when using different drugs.

Diseases and insect pests of flowers in winter

The diseases and insect pests of flowers can be divided into two categories: diseases and insect pests. Diseases are caused by fungi, bacteria and viruses, as well as temperature, humidity and nutritional disorders, showing a series of physiological and morphological pathological changes. Insect pests refer to the damage caused by insects, nematodes and nematodes to the roots, stems, leaves and flowers of flowers.

There are fewer diseases and insect pests in winter, but some diseases and insect pests also appear in rooms with heating or higher temperatures, which not only affect the healthy growth of flowers, but also affect the ornamental value, so we must pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. Most families mainly focus on prevention, such as maintaining appropriate temperature and humidity, good indoor ventilation, suitable dry and wet soil, disinfection of soil when sowing, selection of strong seeds or introduction of flowers and seedlings without diseases and insect pests, and so on, are effective measures to prevent diseases and insect pests.

The common diseases are powdery mildew, anthrax, root rot, rust, root nodule, leaf spot, brown spot and chlorosis. Diseases may occur in the whole growing period of flowers, but the high temperature and rainy season from June to August are the most common, and a few diseases and insect pests also occur in winter.

Powdery mildew: powdery mildew is one of the most common diseases of flowers. Flowers such as melon and leaf chrysanthemum, rose, yellow thorn rose, dahlia and chrysanthemum are very prone to this disease. At the beginning of the disease, white dots appeared on the leaves, and then turned into white powder spots, such as covering-layer white powder, and then turned gray. Prevention and treatment methods: ① often pays attention to observation, and when diseased leaves are found, they are removed and burned in time to prevent spread. ② flowers should be strictly checked before entering the house, do not move the diseased plants indoors, so as not to spread. ③ should pay attention to indoor ventilation, adjust temperature and humidity, increase light, enhance plant disease resistance and make plants grow healthily. 50% topiramate or 50% carbendazim can be used to prevent the onset or early stage of ④.

Rust: serious harm in the warm areas of the four seasons, often began to occur in spring, spread in early summer, producing disease spots on tender stems and veins, like rust powder, light to make branches and leaves green and yellow, heavy leaves withered, buds withered and withered. The disease harms roses, roses, chrysanthemums and other flowers, and its branches, leaves and buds can be harmed. Control methods: when rust branches and leaves are found in ① in early spring or late autumn, they should be cut off in time and burned centrally. ② should apply fertilizer reasonably and control the application of nitrogen fertilizer. The overwintering temperature of potted rose should not be too high. ③-when there is a disease, you can use 40% trimethoprim 1 gram plus water 2 kg to spray wine. What are the family flower diseases and insect pests? Summary and control measures of common diseases and insect pests in family flowers

At present, family flower breeding is a way for people to live and cultivate their nature. it is understood that the vast majority of people in our country raise green seedlings at home, because they can cultivate sentiment and purify the air, but diseases will also be encountered in the process of breeding. The following editor will talk to you about the common types of family flower diseases and their prevention and control methods for your reference.

I. main insect pests of flowers and plants and their control methods

1. Crustaceans

The common ones are red wax scale, horn wax scale, chaff scale, rose white wheel scale, Guang Fei scale and so on. Harm to rhododendron, rose and other woody flowers. Most of the nymphs clustered in the twigs and leaves, causing deformity of new shoots, early fall of leaves, and coal fouling disease at the same time.

Prevention and control methods: cut off insect branches and burn them to protect natural enemies. Spray 10-15 times turpentine mixture once in winter. Spray Baume 3-5 degree stone sulfur mixture in early spring once. Grow 90% crystal 500x liquid or 50g Lathion emulsion 1000-1500 times 2-3 times in 7-10 days per season.

2. Aphids

The common aphids are peach aphid, cotton aphid, chrysanthemum aphid, rose aphid and so on. The female and nymph colonized the shoot and leaf back to absorb juice, and the injured leaves shrunk and Tongchang induced coal fouling disease.

Prevention and control methods: protect natural enemies (ladybugs, lacewings, aphid flies, etc.). Or trap with yellow viscose.

3. Leaf mites

Red spider, acaroid mite and two-point spider mite are common. Endanger many kinds of flowers. The injured leaves lost green and appeared spots, the leaves were curled and shrunken, and the leaves were scorched and fallen seriously.

Prevention and control methods:

(1) Natural enemies. There are many kinds of natural enemies of pests, and the species can be controlled by heaven and earth in the process of planting, among which the main natural enemies are deep mite-eating ladybug, bundle-tube mite-eating ladybug, discolored ladybug, large and small lacewings, small flower bugs, phytoseiid mites and so on. They play a positive role in controlling the population of insect pests.

(2) chemical control. Use 1000-fold solution of Bendingdalin EC (such as Guoguang Hongxie) or 10% Bendendalin EC (such as Guoguang Hongxie) 1000 times solution + 5.7% methylvitamin salt EC (such as Guoguang Lok) 3000 times after spray control, it is recommended to use twice at intervals of 7-10 days.

(3) if the situation is serious, Guoguang red can be used (recommended and effective). Spray with water according to different pest conditions. Observe every half a month. If there are more red spiders, you can continue.

(4) few red spiders can be pinched to death with tweezers and rinse the leaves with clean water, so that the soil can be changed to prevent the eggs from being ignored.

4. Whitefly

There are common greenhouse whitefly, orange whitefly and so on. Adults and larvae gather on the back of the leaves and suck on the juice. when the damage is serious, the leaves fade and dry, and cause coal fouling disease at the same time.

Prevention and control method: trap and kill with yellow viscose board, spray 2.5% deltamethrin, 20% chlorhexidine 2000 times.

Second, root pests

1. Ground tiger

It mainly harms the seedlings of many kinds of herbal flower leather, such as chrysanthemum, carnation and so on.

Control methods: poison bait, mix well with 90% trichlorfon and wheat or bean cake foam at 1:50, spread seedlings in the rhizosphere in the evening, and kill larvae.

2. Snails

It mainly harms cyclamen, melon, leaf chrysanthemum and other greenhouse flowers.

Control method: sprinkle a thin layer of carbaryl powder on the bottom of the damaged plant or apply control.

III. E class

1. Thorns and snails

Common are yellow thorn E, flat thorn E, mulberry brown thorn E and so on. It mainly feeds on the leaves of many kinds of woody flowers, such as preserved plum and rose, resulting in holes or carnivorous leaves and only veins.

Prevention and cure method: 1000 times liquid of 90% crystal, or 3000 times liquid of pyrethroid pesticides.

2. Nocturnal

Common are Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera litura and so on. Mainly harm rose, lily, cyclamen, chrysanthemum, carnation and other flowers. The newly hatched larvae feed on the back of the leaves, and feed on the tender leaves to form holes after the 3rd instar.

Prevention and control methods: black light traps and kills adults, protect natural enemies (Trichogramma, spiders), and spray Haizheng liquid.

IV. Main diseases of flowers and their control methods

1. Powdery mildew

Also called powdery mildew. Harmful to rose, rose, big-leaf boxwood, kumquat and so on are also found. Often infect the leaves, stems and stalks of flowers. At the time of occurrence, a layer of white powder appeared on the surface of the hazard, and the leaves withered when the disease was serious. It often occurs in hot, humid and unventilated places.

Prevention and control methods: can be sprayed with alcohol for three-week or topiramate, carbendazim, chlorothalonil (75% wettable powder) and other drugs.

2. White silk disease

Harm rose, jasmine, gentleman orchid, small pomegranate, peach leaf coral, orchid, chrysanthemum and so on. When the disease occurs, the base will turn brown and rot, and after a serious meeting, it will turn yellow to brown like rapeseed.

Prevention and treatment: disinfect the basin soil before use, the planting environment needs ventilation, and the diseased branches should be trimmed in time.

3. Rust

It occurs from July to August and often harms the leaves of grape, woody begonia, Chinese wolfberry, chrysanthemum and so on. The damaged leaf surface initially showed yellowish green spots, and the back of the leaf was densely covered with orange-yellow powder. after that, black-brown polygonal spots appeared around the disease spots, and the disease spots mostly appeared near the leaf vein, near the leaf vein and at the edge of the leaf edge. The disease began from the lower leaves and gradually spread to the upper leaves.

Prevention and treatment: in late autumn, clean Luoji and burn it. It was sprayed 4-5 times in the whole year, and the spraying effect was the most significant from July to August.

4. Blight

Also known as cataplexy. It happens in a hot and wet environment. Flowers initially appeared in the rhizome of scalded, water-stained rot, yellowish brown, and then the injured part became soft and fell to death. The source of the disease comes from fungi in the soil and spreads quickly.

Prevention and control methods: plant ash can be sprinkled on the surface of the basin soil to prevent, or it can be burned and irrigated with 1500 times of ammonium bromide, once every 7-10 days to control the spread.

5. Leaf spot

Also known as black spot, brown spot and so on. It is harmful to rose, camellia, rhododendron, rose, chrysanthemum and so on. When the disease occurs, black spots appear in the middle of the leaves, and then the leaves fall off yellow. The disease is mostly caused by muggy and humid environment.

Prevention and control methods: pay attention to improve the environmental conditions, in the first onset of the disease can remove the damaged leaves and burn. Du 8000 times solution was sprayed 2-3 times every 7-10 days.

6. Anthrax

It is generally harmful to Chunlan, Cymbidium, Jianlan, Cymbidium, Gentleman and other flowers. At the beginning of the disease, round or semicircular reddish-brown spots appear on the leaves, then turn dark brown, and the edges sometimes show yellow halos; the later lesions are gray-white.

Prevention and control methods: do not drench when watering, potted flowers should not be placed too dense, the place should be transparent and ventilated. The diseased leaves should be cut off in time after the disease is found. Drug prevention and treatment can be carried out with double solution of carbendazim wettable powder.

7. Soot disease

The disease is most likely to be found in muggy, unventilated or soot-smoked environments. At the beginning, dark brown coal stains appeared on the leaves of the diseased plants, and then expanded. Perennial evergreen woody flowers, such as Magnolia, Camellia, Chinese Ivy and so on, will also be infected with chrysanthemum and rose, resulting in black soot-like mildew layer.

Prevention and treatment: scrub off the coal dirt with a small amount of available water or alcohol, or cut off the diseased leaves, and in serious cases, spray multi-bacterial record or Bordeaux solution.

8. Brown spot

Main symptoms: yellowish purple brown disease spots appeared on the leaves in the early stage, and expanded into black in the later stage, and in severe cases, the whole leaf became black and withered.

Control prescription: spray 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 times liquid.

9. Downy mildew

Main symptoms: irregular chlorotic spots appeared on the leaf surface in the early stage, enlarged in the later stage, polygonal, yellowish brown, and white mildew layer on the back of the spot.

Prevention and treatment: Jialing wettable powder 300 times or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800 times.

10. Mosaic disease

The main symptoms: bright chlorotic linear spots appeared in the early leaves, but enlarged in the later stage, so that the leaves withered, the plant grew poorly, no flowers or flowers changed to green.

Prevention and control methods: because of virus infection, and remove the diseased plants and destroy them, spray aphids regularly to reduce the spread of diseases.

11. Chlorosis

Main symptoms: the apical mesophyll of the plant is generally yellowed, and the leaf vein is still green, which leads to plant growth weakness and dwarfing in severe cases.

Prevention and control methods: improve the soil to prevent salinity and alkali, keep the soil slightly acidic, and spray 0.5% ferrous sulfate or iron chelate on yellowed plants.

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Main symptoms: early invasion of leaf sheath, production of light brown disease spot, late invasion of stem and bulb, decay and appearance of black particles.

Control method: spray 70% methyl topiramate wettable powder 1500 times solution.

13. Nodule disease

Main symptoms: tumor formed in the place where the bulb was formed, and the damaged plants did not grow well.

The prevention and cure shows that the diseased plants are removed and the affected areas are disinfected with quicklime.

Family flower planting disease is a common occurrence, the above are the detailed types of diseases and control methods, you hurry to understand, we can do a good job in prevention as soon as possible and reduce the probability of disease occurrence.