How to grow water lilies

How to grow water lilies, tropical water lilies are large, flowering all the year round, are not cold-resistant, and need to survive the winter in a full-light greenhouse. Most of the varieties cultivated in the north are hardy common water lilies with small plants and flowers floating on the surface. Planting pot with live water river mud, under the pad 50mm 100g hoof piece as the base fertilizer, bud clump up, the tuber buried in the soil, and solid. There is irrelevant construction sand 2cm thick on the river mud, which is placed in a pool or vat.

Planting method of water lily

Take out the seeds of water lilies, soak them in about 25% water, change water every day, and germinate after two weeks. When the seedlings grow to about 3 cm, they can be transplanted into flowerpots, but make sure there is enough water in the pots.

Put some long-acting fertilizer or root fertilizer under the flowerpot soil, put 1/3 of the soil in the flowerpot, press, and bury the bulb bud point upward into the soil, but pay attention to how the deeper your bulb is buried, the longer the flowering interval will be, but the larger the flowering interval will be, and the shallow burial interval will be shorter and smaller. After planting, move to a place with plenty of light and fill up with water.

For additional fertilizer: potted water lily fertilizer, generally as long as the choice of fertile soil, planting to add some chicken dung, bone powder as base fertilizer is enough. If you want to promote more flowering, you can increase the topdressing of phosphorus and potassium several times during the flowering period. Must not apply more nitrogen fertilizer, otherwise, because the vegetative growth is too exuberant will inhibit its reproductive growth, resulting in poor flowering or no flowering.

When water lilies grow, they should also pay attention to the prevention and control of insect pests, turning the basin to change soil, expanding the water surface and other important operations. On pest control: the leaves of water lilies are vulnerable to nocturnal moths and other leaf-eating pests, resulting in leaf damage and reduced photosynthesis, which is bound to affect flowering and should be prevented and controlled in time. Turn the basin and change the soil: every year before and after the Spring Equinox, combined with ramet, turn the basin and change the soil to keep the soil fertile and meet the nutrient needs of water lilies. Expand the water surface: small water surface, overlapping leaves, will affect flowering, it is best to pot pot culture, each plant provides about 1 square meter of water surface can promote more flowering.

Wait for the water lilies to blossom, but also pay attention to the proper addition of water, the water lilies will stop growing in autumn and enter the dormant period, so it is easy to rot the roots by adding fertilizer, so you do not need any maintenance in autumn and winter, and when there is little water, you can fill up the water.

Main points of planting water lilies

I. growth habits

Water lilies like sunshine and are well ventilated, so tropical and hardy water lilies that bloom during the day close at night and bloom again in the morning. Ponds with shady trees on the bank can blossom, but grow weakly. The soil quality is not strict, the pH value is 6-8, all can grow normally, the optimum water depth is 25~30cm, and the deepest is not more than 80cm. Like loam rich in organic matter. It germinates long leaves from March to April, blossoms one after another from May to August, and each flower blossoms for 2 to 5 days. Bear fruit after flowering. The stems and leaves withered from October to November. It sprouted again the following spring. It germinated from late March to early April, pregnant buds in late April or early May, bloomed from June to August, yellow leaves from October to November, and entered dormancy period after November. Born in ponds and lakes, it is often cultivated in the pools of some parks.

II. Geographical distribution

Most of the water lilies are native to tropical regions of North Africa and Southeast Asia, and a few are found in temperate and cold regions of South Africa, Europe and Asia, Japan, Korea, India, the former Soviet Union, Siberia and Europe. There are also in the United States. Domestic distribution of Yunnan to the northeast, west to *. It is cultivated in all provinces and regions.

III. Mode of reproduction

1. Ramet

Water lilies are mainly propagated by ramets. Cold-tolerant species usually split from March to April before germination in early spring, and cold-tolerant species have high requirements for air temperature and water temperature, so they can not be divided until around the middle of May. When ramet, first dig out the rhizome, select the rhizome with full new buds, cut into 8~10cm-long root segments, each segment with at least one bud, and then plant. The terminal bud is buried upward in the topsoil, and the depth of the covered soil is that the bud eye of the plant is flat with the soil surface, and each pot is planted in 5-7 segments. After planting, a little sun, can be injected into shallow water, in order to maintain the temperature of the water, but irrigation should not be too deep, otherwise it will affect germination. The water level will be deepened when the temperature rises and new buds sprout. Put it in a well-ventilated and sunny place for maintenance, the cultivation water depth is 20~40cm, the summer water level can be properly deepened, and attention should be paid to keeping the basin water clean in high temperature season. In a small number of potted plants, the water lilies that have been planted for 2-5 years can be poured out of the pot, cut into 2-4 pieces, and then planted in the pot.

2. Sowing seeds

Water lilies can also be sowed and propagated, that is, they are transferred to water after blooming, and before the fruit is ripe, the flowers are wrapped in gauze bags so that the seeds fall into the bag after the fruit is broken. After harvesting, the seeds must still be stored in water, such as dry storage will lose the ability to germinate. Sowing in March-April, the basin soil should not be too full with fertile clayey loam, it is appropriate to leave the basin mouth 5~6cm, sow the seeds and cover the soil 1cm, press it into the water, the water surface is higher than the basin soil 3~4cm, cover the basin soil with glass, put it in a warm place to the sun, in order to increase the temperature in the basin. The suitable sowing temperature is 25: 30 ℃. After about half a month, it can blossom in the second year.

III. Cultivation methods

1. Cylinder planting

When planting, choose a non-bottom hole flower jar with high 50cm and large diameter as far as possible, place evenly mixed nutrient soil in the flowerpot, and control the depth of filling.

2. Potted water lilies

In 30~40cm, it is easy to store water. The well-growing vegetative form is buried in the center of the vase, and the depth is slightly exposed to the soil with the terminal bud. After planting, water is added but not filled, and 2~3cm above the soil layer is the best, which is easy to heat up to ensure the survival rate. The water level increases gradually with the growth of the plant. The advantage of this method is that it is convenient to manage, but the disadvantage is that it is difficult to overwintering in winter in Beijing-Tianjin area, and it is necessary to move into the greenhouse or sink into the pool.

3. Potted plants are submerged.

Choose non-hole nutrition bowl, high 30cm, caliber 40cm, planting method and nutrient soil such as tank load, fill height about 25cm, sink into the pool after planting, the water level of the pool should be controlled at just submerged nutrition bowl, and then grow and gradually increase the water level. The advantage of this method is that it is easy to overwinter. it only needs to raise the water level in winter to keep the top bud below the ice to overwinter. the disadvantage is that the management must enter the pool and feel the same slightly.

4. Pond cultivation

Choose the pond with fertile soil, at least 30cm deep soil at the bottom, the propagation can be planted directly into the soil, the water level should be shallow at the beginning, controlled at 2~3cm, it is easy to heat up, and gradually increase the water level with the growth. According to different regions, the water level in the pool can be deepened before winter, so that the rhizome can survive the winter under the ice. The advantage is that the population effect is good, the growth is large, and the disadvantage is that it is difficult to dig in the next year, and it is not easy to control diseases and insect pests. Early spring to the pond water, the bottom of the application of basic fertilizer (cake fertilizer, barnyard manure, broken bones and calcium superphosphate, etc.), and then fill the soil, and then the water lily roots into the soil, flooding 20-30 cm deep, exuberant summer water level can be deeper, can be maintained at 40-50 cm, the current should not be too fast. If the pond water is too deep, the planting table or trough can be built with brick in the water, or 1 m × 1 m can be separated by plastic board in the long planting trough, and multiple varieties can be planted, so as to avoid the mixing of varieties. It can also be planted in the pot first, and then put into the pool. During the growth period, topdressing can be applied for 1 or 2 times. In July and August, 50 g cake fertilizer powder and 10 g urea were mixed into small packets of paper and hand-stuffed into the soil a little further away from the root of the plant, 2-4 packets per plant. Turn the pond once about 3 years after planting to avoid overcrowding and recession. Keep the water depth about 1 m before freezing in winter to avoid freezing at the bottom of the pool and damaging the rhizome.

5. Water level control

The control of water level is one of the important factors in the normal growth of cold-resistant water lilies. Cold-resistant water lilies have different requirements on water level with different growth periods.

Water lilies should pay attention to the control of water level. As the water temperature has a direct effect on the growth and flowering of water lilies, at the initial stage of growth, because the petiole is short and the water level is as shallow as possible, it is appropriate not to let the leaves be exposed to the air, so as to increase the water temperature as soon as possible, promote root growth and improve the survival rate; with the growth of leaves, gradually increase the water level, reach the peak growth period, and reach the maximum value, so that the petiole grows and the leaf increases, which is conducive to the storage of nutrients. In autumn, lower the water level, increase the water temperature, make the leaves get sufficient light and enhance photosynthesis, so as to promote the growth of rhizomes and lateral buds of water lilies and increase the number of vegetative forms in the following year; after the weather turns cool at the end of autumn, the water level gradually deepens and most of the leaves should be kept in order to control vegetative growth. Before the water surface freezes, the water level deepens at one time, according to the historical maximum ice thickness, keep the top bud of water lilies below the ice to survive the winter safely.

6. topdressing at the right time

The principle of topdressing must be not only beneficial to the growth of water lilies, but also no waste in the water, because the waste of fertilizer will lead to eutrophication and accelerate algae and

The growth of water plants of sleeping lotus, which in turn pollutes the water. The fertilizer can be wrapped with tough and absorbent paper, and a few small holes in the bag can be used to release the fertilizer. The fertilizer can be applied in a position away from the center 15~20cm, and the depth is below 10cm. It can also be mixed with wet garden soil or clay and fertilizer in a certain ratio (general soil to chemical fertilizer 10: 1, soil to organic fertilizer 4: 1) and then clutched into a soil ball (it is appropriate to hold hands without sticking and loosening hands). 3 points from the center of the rhizome 15~20cm is radially applied to the lower 10~15cm of the rhizome, and the application is followed by the clutch. The time of topdressing is generally 15 days before the full flowering stage, and once every 15 days to ensure the amount of flowering, but topdressing should not be too much, too much is easy to increase vegetative growth, the number of leaves increases, affecting the overall effect of flowering. Reasonable topdressing can not only prolong the florescence of cold-resistant water lilies, but also increase the number of vegetative forms in the coming year.

IV. Pest control

Rot disease

(1) selecting disease-resistant varieties.

Water lily

(2) the seriously diseased fields were rotated for 2 to 3 years.

(3) select disease-free lotus root, and use 50% carbendazim or 20% methyl thiophanate wettable powder 800 times solution plus 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800 times solution, sow after spraying, cover plastic film and seal for 24 hours, dry and plant.

(4) Deep ploughing and harrowing of lotus root fields and application of lime 1500~2250kg per hectare.

(5) strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, apply enough rotten organic fertilizer, topdressing timely and appropriately, make the combination of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, manage the water layer according to the different growth stages of lotus root, make the depth suitable, adjust the temperature and fertilizer with water, and prevent the disease from aggravating due to high water temperature or long-term deep water irrigation.

(6) remove the diseased plant in time and spray 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600 times and 75% chlorothalonil 600 times.

Leaf rot

(1) to remove the diseased and residual plants during harvest and bury them deeply or burn them centrally, so as to reduce the source of bacteria.

(2) at the initial stage of the disease, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800 times or 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 800 times or 30% basic copper sulfate suspension 500 times, once every 10 days, 2 times in succession.

Anthrax

(1) collect the disease residue and bury it or burn it during the growing season.

(2) apply fully mature organic fertilizer, timely and appropriate amount of topdressing, so that the combination of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.

(3) remove the diseased plant in time and spray 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600 times, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times, 36% thiophanate suspension 500 times, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1500 times or 80% anthrax Fumei wettable powder 800 times, spray once every 10 days for 3 times.

Small firefly beetle

It is a destructive pest. The adults overwinter in the vegetation near the pool, lay eggs on the leaf surface at the end of spring and produce 2-3 generations in a season. At this time, the leaves can be washed with water.

Water lilies are pictured so that adults and pupae fall into the water and are swallowed by fish. Once the larva is damaged, it can be killed by 1200 times the liquid enemy.

5. Rhopalosiphum aphid

Damage to many aquatic plants with soft leaves, in summer, damage leaves and flower stems, resulting in changes in flower color. The eggs overwintered on plum plants, especially on plum blossoms and Hawthorn trees, and sparsely on cherry trees. Plum plants should not be planted in large areas near the water, or these host plants should be washed with tar in winter, and water hoses can also be used to rinse leaves and spray insecticides.

When doing harm, you can mix carbofuran or trichlorfon into sawdust, put it into a cloth bag, tie it to the petiole, float the bag on the surface, fluctuate with the water, spread the liquid, and kill pests. The effect of biological control is very good. Stocking 5kg Loach on the surface of 1000m2 can effectively stop the spread and overflow of insect pests.

Spray water moss with 0.3% 0.5% copper sulfate.

The leaves damaged by aphids can be sprayed with dichlorvos 1000-1200 times or 50% dimethoate 2000-2500 times.

How to plant mini water lilies

Mini water lilies belong to aquatic plants. When planting, the roots should be immersed in water, gradually waiting for sprouting and spreading leaves, and then transplanted in containers. Mini water lilies are a kind of water surface greening material with beautiful flowers and leaves, which can decorate fountains, courtyards and so on. Bring cool to people in the hot summer. So, what is the method of growing mini water lilies? Let's take a look at it together.

A brief introduction to mini water lilies

Mini water lilies are one of the most valuable aquatic flowers. The appearance is similar to that of the lotus, except that the leaves and flowers of the lotus protrude to the surface, while the leaves and flowers of the water lily float on the surface. Mini water lilies are known as "sleeping beauties in flowers" because they roll day and night. Mini water lilies are perennial aquatic plants with strong cold tolerance. With a little protection in Northeast China, they can survive the winter safely. Mini water lilies have horizontal rhizomes or erect tubers, short and thick. Flowers and colors vary greatly from variety to variety, bright and beautiful.

With the gradual addition of water to the growth of new leaves, the water depth can be kept at 70~80cm in the flowering season. In winter, more water should be irrigated, and the water depth should be kept above 110cm, which can make the rhizome survive the winter safely. The pots selected for potted plants should have at least the inner diameter and depth of 40cm × 60cm. Every year before and after the Spring Equinox, the ramets should be turned to change mud, and the lower part of the rhizome should be covered with at least 30cm thick Wohe mud, covered with soil without passing the top bud, and then placed in the pool or tank to keep the water depth 40~50cm. Pot plants for indoor maintenance should be moved to the cold room or the bottom of deep water in winter. Mini water lilies should be given plenty of light during the growing period and should not be kept in the shade for a long time.

Second, how to grow mini water lilies

1. Rhizome propagation

Mini water lilies are mainly propagated in the way of rhizomes. At first, mini water lilies are planted in flowerpots and then placed in water. After about a year, the roots of mini water lilies grow very thick. This is where the mini water lilies can be planted separately. First of all, the soil of the rhizome is removed, the roots are cut short, and the horizontal roots are cut with stems and leaves about 10cm. Then put the basin into the bottom sand fertilizer and so on, put the stem section into it, and use a layer of soil to water it at the right time, so that it can wait for growth.

2. Split planting method

When planting, you can put the top of the mini water lily a little above the water surface or above the edge of the pot, and put it into the water as soon as you plant it. You need to fix the mini water lily in the water and keep it deep. Mini water lilies need to be planted in branches when they grow to a certain stage, and regular fertilization is needed to ensure adequate fertilizer and clear water quality.

Third, the planting method of mini water lilies

1. Choose the cultivated soil: mini Nymphae likes the clayey soil which is rich in humus and fertile. Therefore, it is better to choose the silt deposited in Hanoi or ponds for a long time for cultivation.

2. Select a good seed stem: mini water lilies are often cultivated by split-plant method. The selection of seed stem is also the key to the success or failure of cultivation. For the underground rhizome used for planting, the vigorous, virus-free, damage-free, non-rotting section with new buds should be selected and cut into segments 6cm to 10cm long.

3. Appropriate shallow planting: if the underground stem of the mini water lily is too deep in the mud, one is the low soil temperature, the other is the lack of oxygen, which is not conducive to early growth and rapid development, and the cultivation depth is generally moderate to keep the new buds on the underground stem flat with the soil surface.

4. Adequate light: mini water lilies prefer a sunny, warm, humid and well-ventilated climate. Mini water lilies cultivated in pots must be placed in a position with plenty of light so that they can receive full light.

5. Water conditions: mini water lilies like to grow in calmer water bodies without large waves or rapids, so they often grow poorly in artificial fountains with high-pressure water columns or in pools with rapids waterfalls. The suitable depth of water for planting mini water lilies varies with different varieties.

The above is the relevant introduction of this article, I believe you have a simple understanding of this after reading it, if necessary, you can continue to pay attention to the No. 1 home network to learn more information.