Planting methods of Carnation

The planting method of carnation, carnation is one of the four largest cut flowers in the world, because of its beautiful shape, rich color and long flowering period, it is very popular among flower growers.

Carnation likes to grow in places with sufficient light, cool, dry and well-ventilated air. Its cold tolerance is better than heat tolerance. If it exceeds 30 ℃, it will have poor fertility. The best growth temperature is 18-25 ℃. Like well-drained, humus-rich, fertile sandy loam, the soil pH should be maintained between 6.3 and 7, the most appropriate. Carnation avoid continuous cropping and stagnant water, which should be paid attention to. Carnation does not like to be too wet, especially avoid stagnant water, except for the growth period, flowering period or hot season should be watered every 2 days, the rest of the time can wait for the basin soil surface to dry and replenish water. In addition to basal fertilizer, carnation cultivated in open field should be applied topdressing once a month. Potted carnation was applied once every two weeks, and more attention should be paid to phosphorus and potash fertilizer before flowering.

There are three propagation methods of carnation: sowing, cutting and striping.

(1) sowing method. Autumn sowing or early spring sowing can be carried out on the flat land in the south. Keep it moist moderately after sowing, put it in a place where the sun can't shine directly, sprout in about 10 days, wait for 5-7 true leaves to grow, and then plant in the pot.

(2) cutting method. Carnation is mostly propagated by cuttings, which can be carried out almost all year round except in hot summer, but the best period is from February to March in early spring.

Select the strong lateral buds at the base, cut them into cuttings with 3 nodes long, remove some leaves, insert them into the sand bed, root in about 30 days, and then transplant in 2 weeks. Or choose the side branch in the middle of the stem, each branch should have at least 8-10 leaves, hold the main branch in one hand and the side branch in the other, tear the side branch down, so that the side branch can slightly take the epidermis of the mother plant away from the mother plant. Insert it in the sand bed and take root in about 1 month.

(3) pressing method. Press the strong long branches around the plant into the soil, tip out of the soil, and then cut and separate from the mother plant after taking root.

Coring operation should be carried out in both seedling stage and growing period of carnation in order to promote lateral bud division. When the terminal bud is removed when the seedling grows 5 pairs of leaves, it will promote the lateral branch to grow. When 3-4 pairs of leaves grew from the lateral branch, the second coring was carried out. Finally, when the whole plant has 12 or 15 lateral branches, the last coring should be carried out, but the time of the last coring should not be later than the middle of August. Carnation should set up a bracket when it is more than 30 centimeters long to avoid breaking the flower stem. In order to make the flower larger, in addition to the top bud of each stem, the following buds should be removed immediately after growing. This is the introduction to the planting method of carnation.

Planting techniques of potted carnation

Planting techniques of potted carnation

First, raising seedlings

1. It is generally used as biennial flowers, with a sowing date from August to September and blossoms from April to May in the following year. If you want to be on the market from November to January, you can try to sow seeds in May-June, but summer sowing and early autumn sowing are easy to produce early buds, so you should pay attention to picking hearts and buds. 2. The matrix is fertile and loose, rich in organic matter, temperature 18 ℃ 21 min, moderate humidity (the surface of the substrate is very moist when touched by fingers, but there is no water overflow), PH6.0-6.5,EC0.5-0.75. 3. The depth of soil cover is about 0.3cm. 4. Light sprouting does not need light. 5. The optimum temperature for germination was 15-20 ℃. After sowing, the seedlings emerged for 7 days, and the light after emergence was 10000-12000lx. 6. Topdressing began when the heart was broken, and the concentration was 0.6-0.8 ‰. 7. The stage of growth and development of true leaves is 14 mi 21 days after sowing. The nursery bed kept moderate humidity, EC0.75-1.00.The suitable seedbed temperature was 18-20 ℃ in daytime and 18 ℃ at night. The concentration of fertilizer is 0.08-0.12%. The light intensity was enhanced to 35000 lx. 8. Seedling height 3-4 cm and 3-4 pairs of true leaves. 2. Seedling separation and post-seedling management. 1. Seedling soil PH6.0-6.3 EC 1.0-1.5, rich in organic matter, loose and well drained. 2. Seedling container 10 × 8cm bowl. 3. Do not hurt the leaves (the leaves are brittle), take more roots, plant deep flat cotyledons, install the soil at the mouth of the flat bowl, and then leave the mouth 0.5-1.0cm. 4. After dividing the seedlings, manage to water thoroughly once, pay attention to the two sides of the seedlings should be watered thoroughly, generally in the plastic greenhouse without shade. However, when the temperature is high and the weather is dry, it is appropriate to provide short-term shading around noon. The second watering should be carried out when most of the pots are dry. The soil should be dry and wet, and fungicides (such as chlorothalonil, carbendazim, methyl topiramate) should be sprayed once a week to prevent the disease. Third, potting and post-potting management: 1. When the root system of the seedling grows to the edge of the bowl, and part of the root system begins to bend. 2. The basin is 4.5 inch-small 5-inch tile basin or 15-16cm plastic basin. 3. The basin soil is sterilized composting soil + 1 peat 4 sawdust + 1.25kg/m3 compound fertilizer, or peat: perlite: garden soil = 6. 4. pour water once after potting, and spray fungicide once after the leaves are dried. 5. after watering, it is appropriate to see dry and wet, so that the air and basin soil should be properly dried, which can effectively control the plant type and prevent diseases. 6. Try to keep enough light. 7. Every 2-3 times of watering, fertilizing once, with a concentration of 0.15-0.20%, should be irrigated. 8. Temperature control: 18-20 ℃ during the day and no less than 0 ℃ at night. Those who need to go on the market early should try to increase the night temperature to 6-9 ℃. 9, plant adjustment: appropriate early sowing, growing in the season of low temperature and sufficient light, neither taking the lead nor spraying dwarfing agent; but if sowing too late, when the temperature is high in early spring, 15% paclobutrazol 150-180ppm (10-12g/10kg water) can be applied. After potting, close and wrong arrangement, after the plants are grown and connected, pull the pot once and change to opposite row, leaving a blank line every 10 rows to facilitate the point watering when watering and fertilizing. Diseases and insect pests: black spot, Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum Alternate prevention with propofol, chlorothalonil, carbendazim gel suspension and so on. The main pests are aphids, thrips and so on. 11. Growth period: about 140-155 days. If the temperature is low and the light is insufficient, the growth period will be prolonged, which may take 155-170 days. 4. The environmental requirements of carnation 1. The temperature likes cool flowers, the optimum temperature for growth and development is 19-21 ℃, and the night temperature is 9-10 ℃. If the temperature difference between day and night is too high, the leaves are narrow, the flowers are small, and the branches are weak. The growth of > 35 ℃ in summer and < 9 ℃ in winter were slow or even stopped or abnormal. 2, the light likes the sunshine, except the seedling stage, the full flowering stage, should maintain the sufficient light as far as possible. Carnation is a cumulative long-day plant. The longer the sunshine accumulation time is, the more it can promote flower bud differentiation, and then blossom earlier, increase the number of flowers and improve the flowering uniformity. When low temperature and weak light and continuous rain in winter, artificial light can be added appropriately. For example, under the condition of low light for a long time, leaves, branches and flower stems will become thin and easy to break, and easy to induce various diseases. 3. The water holding capacity of soil in the water basin should be kept at 70-80%. Too wet basin soil or too high humidity in the greenhouse are disadvantageous to growth and are easy to induce fungal and bacterial diseases. When the light time is short and the intensity is weak in winter, proper water control can prevent the growth from being too weak. Improving the quality of basin soil is beneficial to create a good environment needed by root system. Low temperature in winter, less evaporation, less water, less watering; high temperature in spring and summer, large evaporation, more water, can be watered frequently. Check the leaf before watering, if it is fresh and crisp, it is easy to break when folded, which means there is no shortage of water; if the leaf can be folded, it means that there is little moisture and needs timely water supply; or check the basin soil, insert it into the bottom of the basin with a clean thin rod or bamboo pole, turn it a few times and then pull it out. If there is soil on the pole, it can not be watered; if there is no soil adhesion or very little, it should be watered immediately. Pinch the basin soil below 2cm by hand, if it is powdered, it is dry, and if it is flaky or ball-shaped, it is not dry. The amount of water each time is just seen to flow out from the bottom of the basin. When watering, we should pay attention to less touching the leaf surface, that is, watering the root without watering the leaf, in order to prevent the disease. The best water quality is EC < 0. 5. 4. The fertile and loose sandy loam is suitable, PH5.6-6.4and EC0.6-1.2is suitable. It is not suitable for continuous cropping or continuous cropping with chrysanthemum and so on. 5. Fertilizer for N, the growth of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen is better, and the flowering is earlier.

Planting methods of Carnation

Flower bonsai network introduction: the planting method of carnation will introduce the cultivation method of carnation to you, how good is carnation?

(1) Overview of carnation

Also known as Luoyang flower, Luoyang carnation, Chinese carnation, Caryophyllaceae perennial herbs, often cultivated as 2012 flowers. The plant height is 20cm to 40cm. Leaves opposite, linear-lanceolate, base phimosis. Flowers solitary or several clusters, rich in color, white, pink, red, purple and various complex colors, fragrant, flower diameter 2-3 cm, petals 5, florescence 4-5 months. The coffin is distributed in the north and south of our country, with many varieties and gardening varieties, often planted in flower beds, flower mirrors and rock gardens, as well as potted plants, for indoor and outdoor beautification, its beautiful flowers are very charming and popular. Like strong sunshine and slightly dry and cool environment, discarded after flowering.

(2) key points of carnation cultivation.

Temperature: like a cool environment, the suitable growth temperature is 10 ~ 18 degrees Celsius.

Light: like plenty of sunshine, afraid of high temperature at noon in summer.

Moisture: always keep the soil moist, avoid soil stagnant water and watering too much.

Air humidity: pay attention to spraying water in the morning season in order to increase air humidity and avoid high temperature and humidity in summer in the north of Bian.

Propagation: sowing in autumn, the suitable temperature for germination is 21 ~ 22 degrees Celsius, and the suitable growth temperature for seedling stage is 10 ~ 12 degrees Celsius.