Senior orchid friends share the use of these two kinds of plants to raise orchids, which can make orchids have many buds, strong seedlings and flowers.

If orchids want to grow well, they must first grow roots, as flower growers all know, because orchids are organs that absorb and store water and nutrients. Only when orchids are strong can they absorb and store more water and nutrients to supply orchid leaves. Only when orchids are rich in nutrients, can orchids sprout more, seedlings strong and flowers multiply.

So the question is, how can we make the orchid root strong? Senior Lanyou said: if you want the orchid root to grow strong, planting material is the foundation, and watering management is the key. Here are three kinds of excellent media that have been proved to be effective by Lanyou's repeated practice. The main results are as follows: 1. The waste materials after cultivating mushrooms, mushrooms, fungus and other edible fungi are good media for cultivating orchids. Because it is made of rice stalk and cow dung, its waste bacterial material is soft and breathable and rich in fertilizer.

The waste bacteria material orchid has the following advantages: ① is easy to draw materials, soft and light, not easy to consolidate, strong water permeability, good performance of water storage and fertilizer conservation, developed roots of orchids, thick and white roots. ② orchid seedlings are strong, with broad and thick leaves, thick green leaves, high flowering rate, large flowers, long flowering period, less potted weeds and low incidence. 2. Brick granules are divided into green bricks and red bricks. Green bricks are made of better clay and fired with firewood and mountain grass. nowadays, few people burn such green bricks, but the old green bricks abandoned in ancient buildings can be used. It will be hammered into particles as planting material, this kind of old green brick after years of weathering, moderate water absorption.

Red brick grain contains a lot of coarse sand, mixed with pulverized coal during preparation, the fire gas has not been dissipated, and the sulfur is extremely heavy. Red bricks are often used in modern buildings, and the new red bricks are angry; the old red bricks are less angry, but the alkaline substances are heavy, so you can soak the bricks in water for a few days, change the water once a day, and drop some vinegar in the water to neutralize alkalinity to remove the alkaline substances and anger in the bricks. The brick grain itself has more stomata, so it has strong water absorption and permeability and fast drainage. With its orchid planting, the orchid root will not turn black, and Ye Yilan will not perform. The proportion of brick particles in the plant mixture should be 20% to 30%.

Although the Zhuanglangen plant material shared by Lanyou is not easy to find, the effect is still good. As long as you really love Lan, there is no problem with what is difficult to find. If you have a better way, you are welcome to share it in the comments to benefit more people.

How to grow orchids (beginners) answers to frequently asked questions about orchids

We all like orchids, but it is not easy to raise them well, especially for those orchid friends who have just come into contact with orchid planting. Let's take a look at the novice strategy.

First, how to raise orchids? it is really difficult to raise orchids. They will die after a period of time. What is the reason?

Orchids are indeed more difficult to grow than other flowers. The difficulty lies in the fact that the roots of orchids are sensitive to water and are easy to "drown" or "die of thirst". When the plant is too wet or dry for more time than Langen can bear (to be exact, the hypoxia or lack of water in the plant lasts longer than Langen can bear), it will cause rotten or empty roots; for longer, the root problems will be reflected in the leaves, and the plant will eventually turn yellow and die.

Because the false bulb of the orchid itself contains water, and whether the root of the orchid is rotten or empty, the residual part of the orchid still has a trace of water absorption function, so even if there is something wrong with the root of the orchid, it can still linger for a period of time. It is not easy to find problems from the aboveground part of the plant.

In fact, orchids are more likely to be "drowned", that is, due to improper selection of plant materials, water retention is too strong or watering too frequently, resulting in plants always wet. When this excessive wet state lasts longer than the orchid can bear, the orchid root will rot and the orchid plant will eventually die. In addition, some people have heard that orchids are "afraid" of water, so they seldom water them. As a result, orchids are "thirsty to death". This is also the case. Thus it can be seen that whether to control the water content in the plant material is the key to determine the success or failure of orchid cultivation.

Second, why can't orchids be raised in ordinary soil?

Let's first analyze the changes in the dry and wet state of the soil after watering: "wet" → "wet", "→" moist "→" and "→" dry. Among them, "wet", "wet" or "dry" or "dry" are not conducive to the growth of orchid root, only "run" is the most suitable for orchid growth. Ordinary soil continues to be "wet" or "wet" for too long after watering, which exceeds the time that orchids can bear, so tragedies occur naturally, so ordinary soil is not suitable for orchid cultivation.

Thus it can be seen that the fundamental goal of orchid cultivation is to shorten the time when the plant is in the "wet" and "dry" state and prolong the time in the "moist" state. No matter the selection of plant materials, the selection of orchid pots (the size and texture of orchid pots also have a great influence on the change of water content of plants), or watering, they are all carried out around this goal.

It can also be seen from here that the water retention or hydrophobic characteristics of the plant determine the change of the water content of the plant to a great extent, and even determine the success or failure of orchid cultivation. It can be said that watering is the external factor that determines the change of plant water content, while plant material is the internal cause that determines the change of plant water content. In order to control the water content of the plant material, the prerequisite is that the plant material must be selected.

Third, how to judge the orchid effect of a kind of plant material?

The so-called orchid effect of plant material, that is, the root effect of plant material. If the root is well raised, the aboveground part (leaves, buds, etc.) must grow well; if the root is not raised well, the aboveground part will not be good. Therefore, the growth of Langen can be judged from the growth status of the aboveground part.

Such as orchids on the pot, after 1-3 weeks to restore vitality (spring and autumn recover quickly, summer and winter slow), the leaves are shiny, new seedlings grow (obviously grow tall), new buds emerge (such as in spring), the leaves feel tough when brushing the leaves by hand, indicating that the orchid root grows well, the plant material is ideal, and the management (mainly refers to watering) is also in place.

If the plant material on the basin for a period of time (about 1 month), the leaves are not glossy, the new seedlings are stagnant (rigid seedlings), the new buds do not grow or grow less (spring), the leaves feel soft and collapsed, and black spots are easy to grow on the leaves when the temperature is slightly higher, then it shows that there must be something wrong with Langen, and the planting material may not be ideal. In this regard, it is necessary to pour the pot. If you pour the pot when it is about to be watered (such as watering once every 5 days and before watering on the 5th day), it is found that the plant material is wet and the roots have all or part of it blackened, indicating that the plant material is too water-retaining, it is necessary to add some breathable and leached plant materials to the plant material, such as granular plant material, snake wood, rotten peanut shell, etc. Of course, if it is felt that the water retention and hydrophobic characteristics of the plant material have been ideal, then if the plant material is not improved, as long as the watering interval is properly extended, the problem can also be solved. If the root and plant material are found to be dry or even empty when pouring out the pot, some plant materials with strong moisturizing properties, such as rotten leaf soil and perlite, should be added to the plant material; if it feels that the plant material is ideal, then it is OK to shorten the watering interval.

It is difficult to judge whether the underground part (root) is healthy or not from the growth status of the aboveground part of the orchid plant, and the most simple and intuitive way is to pour the pot and look at the root. There are two kinds of pouring basin: the surface basin and the whole basin. The surface layer was poured out of the basin, and the depth was 5cm to 10cm. The growth status of the periphery of the pseudobulb and the surface root of the plant was observed. If there is a new root or there is a crystal head on the tip of the old root, it shows that the plant material and management measures are ideal; if there is no new root, or the root tip of the old root turns black or even rotten, it means that there is something wrong with the plant material or watering. If you want to know the growth state of all the roots, you have to pour them all. Whether you pour the basin on the surface or the whole basin, be careful not to hurt the root, especially the root tip. Although pouring pot is a bit troublesome, it is the most intuitive and accurate way to understand the effect of plant material on orchid cultivation, and it is also a necessary way for beginners to accumulate experience.

Fourth, the orchid is not dead, there is no growth of new seedlings, half-dead, what to do?

As mentioned earlier, if the aboveground part of the orchid does not grow well, there must be something wrong with the orchid root. The aboveground part is half dead, indicating that the underground part is not good-most of the roots do not grow well, and there may be one or two roots to maintain the life of the plant. In this regard, the basin must be poured and the ideal plant material must be replaced.

Fifth, how can I make a good plant material?

There are many plant materials that can be used to raise orchids, and local materials can be used locally, but in order to produce ideal plant materials, the following principles must be followed:

1. The physical structure of plant material is ideal, breathable and hydrophobic. With granular plant material, there is a certain gap between the particles, which has good natural permeability and hydrophobicity. If powdered plant materials such as rotten leaf soil are used, perlite, snake wood, and granular plants should be added to make them fluffy.

two。 The chemical composition of plant material is reliable and there is no harmful component. Some organic plants, such as peanut shell and pine bark, should be mature; otherwise, substances harmful to orchid root will be decomposed after use.

3. The plant material has good moisturizing property, which can both drain and retain water. The ideal plant material should be "wet" for a short time and "moisturized" for a long time. That is to say, after watering, due to the good physical structure of the plant material (there are gaps between the plants), a large part of the water is leaked, and then because the plant itself absorbs a certain amount of water, it can remain "moist" for a long time. Then slowly change from "moist" to "dry" (note: the plant material does not suddenly change from "moist" to "dry", but slowly. That is, the plant material has been in the "dry" state from "moist" to "dry" for a long time). This has three major advantages: first, the plant material is "wet" for a short time, avoiding rotten roots; second, the plant material is kept "moist" for a long time, creating favorable environmental conditions for the growth of Langen; third, the plant material "dry" state lasts for a long time, and the ideal watering time when the plant material is in a "dry" state, obviously, it is easy to water in this way, and there is no big problem one or two days earlier or one or two days later. If the moisturizing property of the plant material is not good, it will quickly change from "dry" to "wet", and the duration of "dry" is relatively short, and the watering time must be judged more accurately in order to ensure that the watering time falls within the time range of the plant in the "dry" state. It is difficult to water easily too early or too late, which is not conducive to the growth of orchids. In a word, the plant material with good moisturizing property can not only avoid the rotten root phenomenon of orchids, but also reduce the difficulty of watering. Of course, in order to prepare plant materials with ideal moisture retention, we must have a full understanding of the water retention and hydrophobic characteristics of each plant material and the fluffy effect it can play in the mixed plant material.

As long as this principle is followed, a good plant material can be prepared. Of course, whether a kind of plant material is good or not will not be known until it is used. It is worth noting that after the allocation of an ideal plant material, do not rush to replace all orchids with new plant material, you must first try one or two pots, and then use it in a large area after the effect has been verified.

6. is there a simple and effective orchid formula that can be used or purchased?

1. Classic formula: 65% of gold plant stone + 35% of fairy soil. (volume ratio, same as below)

This formula is widely used and widely recognized by Lanyou. With this formula, the plant material is aerated and leached, there is generally no problem with Langen, and orchid cultivation is easy to succeed. Note: there is a big difference in the quality of immortal soil sold in the market, and it is necessary to buy something of reliable quality; both must be soaked thoroughly before use, that is, they must be soaked thoroughly, that is, they can only be used if they are wet in the middle of the particles.

Using this formula, due to the lack of nutrients, the basin can put more than 30 grains of Haokangduo or 10 grains of 30 grains (depending on the size of the basin) magic fertilizer. The south balcony dry wind is bigger, the orchid basin can be slightly bigger, the basin surface can cover a layer of water moss, play a moisturizing role.

2. Simple formula: rotten leaf soil 50% + perlite 50%.

Rotten leaf soil (or mountain skin soil), can be taken under the broad-leaved forest with withered branches and leaves of the topsoil (also contains soil). This kind of soil is loose, it forms a mass when it is pinched with the hand, and the soil spreads when the hand is released. With the same amount of perlite, the rotten leaf soil is more fluffy and will not harden. Perlite has strong fluffy effect, good moisturizing and low price, so it is an ideal plant material. On this basis, one or more of the coal ballast particles (coal ash sifted particles after powder removal), mature peanut shell, mature pine bark, soybean-sized bricks, small pond cornerstones, and small stone plants can also be mixed with 20%, 50%, 50% of other granular plant materials.

It is worth mentioning that the formula of rotten leaf soil developed by Lin Shengzhou has the advantages of simple material collection, low cost and ideal planting effect. Its formula is: 50% rotten leaf soil + 50% sand bag soil. Sandy soil is a kind of semi-differentiated sandy soil, which is not easy to bond.

Because the rotten leaf soil is rich and sufficient in nutrients and does not need to apply fertilizer, the seedlings are strong. In particular, it should be noted that some beginners are always afraid of orchids "starving to death" and like to apply various fertilizers to orchids. Orchids are often "fermented to death" by fertilizer.

3. Commercial plant materials.

If you find it troublesome to prepare your own plant materials, you can choose and buy commercial plant materials that have been prepared. The so-called orchid culture soil sold in the flower and bird market is not reasonable and generally reflects the poor effect of use. Local Lanyou in Fuzhou can buy commercial plants from Lin Yong. The plant material sold by Lin Yong is made from the stupid soil formula developed by Zheng Weixin (Lanshan four Seasons). Its components are as follows:

1 part rotten leaf soil + 1 part perlite + 1 part snake sawdust + 1 part pond foundation + 1 part immortal soil + half part coconut bran (all refer to volume).

After years of experiments, the orchids cultivated with this plant have good roots and strong seedlings, and the effect is good.

Orchid friends from other places can choose their own according to this formula, or use local materials according to local conditions to improve or replace Zheng's stupid soil formula. The author adopts the Zheng's fool soil formula to remove the fairy soil, and the cultivation effect is also very good.

What about the old black spots of orchids?

Orchids have black spots, most of which are caused by anthrax, which is caused by two main reasons:

1. If the orchid seedlings are not strong enough, the resistance of the orchid seedlings is weak. The root cause is that the planting material is not ideal, and Langen does not grow well, so we still have to make efforts on the planting material.

two。 Orchids are exposed to the sun at higher temperatures or in a muggy environment. Orchids should be shaded when the temperature exceeds 28 ℃. At the same time, in the high temperature season, the environment should be ventilated to avoid muggy conditions, and the key is to improve the cultivation conditions, which is a permanent cure. If necessary, you can spray 800 times liquid Shi Bao Gong (amidine fresh amine) or Shigao to curb the development of the disease.

Eighth, the orchid leaves are yellow, what is the reason?

There are two main reasons why the leaves of orchids turn yellow.

1. Leaf yellowing caused by natural aging. In spring and summer, the metabolism of orchids is booming, new buds continue to emerge, and some old seedlings that have grown for many years will die. This kind of "old death" yellow leaf has three characteristics, one is that it occurs on the old false bulb, the second is that the false bulb is not abnormal (such as blackening or decay), and the third is that the leaf yellowing usually starts from the outer leaves of the orchid plant and then to the inner leaves, from the leaf tip to the leaf base. In addition, there will not be any black spots on the yellow leaves.

two。 Leaf yellowing caused by disease. Stem rot or bacterial soft rot or white silk disease occurred in orchid plants. This kind of yellow leaf often occurs on the new seedling, the leaf yellowing starts from the heart leaf to the outer leaf, the leaf base to the leaf tip, and there are often abnormal conditions on the pseudobulb (such as blackening and rot, etc.). For many of these, the diseased plants should be removed, and the remaining healthy roots and pseudobulbs should be soaked in broad-spectrum fungicides (such as carbendazim, carbendazim, etc.) for 1 hour, and then re-pot with the new plant material.

Next, I would like to share with you the eight tips created by the Great God to raise orchids:

The first move is to be calm and calm.

For raising orchids, you should treat them with an ordinary heart, be calm and cultivate orchids, believe in orchid fate, even if you have a good flower that is self-conscious, and if you don't have a lot of money, you won't get it, even if you have a lot of money, even if you use despicable means to get it. At the same time, no matter how the orchid city, calm down to raise their own orchid, because we can not control the orchid, we can not change, we can control the orchid in our hands, can change is our own mind.

The second move is to open your eyes and draw the right seedlings.

Today, with the development of the network, orchid friends can introduce orchid seedlings through many ways, such as online auctions and orchid market shopping. However, driven by the desire for profit, many orchid vendors take advantage of people's love for orchids and pretend to be spotted pickaxes with virus seedlings. They impersonate unfashionable resale grass as native species, regard scientific and technological grass as mountain orchids, and even sell photos to cheat money not to deliver goods, and so on, so that orchid friends are hopeful to harvest disappointment. Therefore, I have always thought that for the orchid grass you want to introduce, you must go to a reliable orchid home to introduce it, or it is indeed a reliable orchid merchant on the Internet, and it is best to see the real flowers.

The third trick: potted grass should be matched with each other.

For the bluegrass on the basin, try to make more grass on the big basin, less grass on the small basin, never less on the big basin, and more on the small basin, because if after the basin, if the grass basin does not match, in the usual watering, fertilization is not easy to find out, bring a certain degree of difficulty to the management.

The fourth move: the scenery is warm and moist and called orchid

Since ancient times, at least many orchid books say so, of course, I also think so, ventilation is the first priority, to achieve environmental ventilation, plant ventilation, let the orchid root grow in semi-ventilation, give enough light to the orchid, carry out the necessary photosynthesis, according to the natural law, give the orchid the necessary temperature difference, hot, cold, vernalization, dormancy, humidity. Try to be moist but not wet.

The fifth trick: look at diligence and practice less.

In the usual management of orchids, especially beginners, they have to go through the temptation of small buds and flower buds. When small buds and flower buds do not rise, they harass them with lovely little hands. As a result, if they are not careful, they will put up small buds and flower buds. In addition, they will change pots more. If you see this plant material good today, change this one. Tomorrow, if you see that plant material good, change that plant material, toss and turn the orchid grass. Langen did not fall into the pot, and was raised again. It is estimated that God must be doing you a favor if you can grow orchids like this.

The sixth move: do it when you need to.

When you see an abnormal sign of an orchid, you should act decisively, cut the focus, separate the focus, divide the basin, do not take a fluke when there are signs of disease, otherwise, regret is yourself.

Seventh trick: make more friends with Lan Youqin to study.

In the spare time, you should make a wide range of orchid friends, you can communicate with orchid friends online and offline, and you are not ashamed to ask orchid friends if you don't understand. at the same time, you should also exchange your own orchid raising experience with other orchid friends, take other people's good orchid experience, and combine your own actual situation to make up for your own deficiency, explore a set of orchid cultivation methods suitable for your own orchid environment, raise your own orchids without scorching head and tail, grow seedlings high, and start good products. everybody loves。

The eighth move, there is no way to win.

Conclusion: the above is about how to maintain orchids. I hope it will be helpful to novice orchids.

Orchid planting method selection plant material chapter _ orchid information _ Yi lan net mobile phone version chooses the appropriate orchid pot then is to choose the plant material, the orchid plant material each orchid friend has its own formula, personally thinks: a central point cannot be changed, with this basic point, can be matched at will, the center is that the plant material must be breathable. Here are some recipes commonly used by orchid friends. The first kind: teacher Feng's bark orchid plant material ratio, many novice can only through the book simple textual description, teacher Feng hand to give you a picture and text solution to this process. The tools and raw materials used are: 1, the bark that has been fermented, Xiaoxishi, as the main proportion of hard plant base material. Naturally, there is no pollution. 3. A container for soaking the bark. 1. Soak the bark in clean water and change the water several times at intervals of 10 minutes to 1 hour, until the soaked water becomes clear.

2. Put the stream stone and the soaked bark in the ratio of about 7:3. This proportion has to be adjusted according to the actual circumstances of various localities.

3. Stir well.

4. The finished product after configuration

The second kind: the plant material of Orchid Resources Network Orchid Resources Network: this is an old orchid friend who has been raising orchids for 20 years. Before, the plant materials have not been unified ~ ~ the humus soil on the mountain was used to raise orchids at first, but humus soil was specially used, that is, watering was not easy to water through; at peak time, it was convenient to buy Chengdu "Xinghong" brand six-in-one plant material, 20 yuan per bag, which was used immediately after opening the bag. Unfortunately, after the orchids fell into a trough, the plant plant stopped production. Later, it was planted like that for a while, but it felt that the ratio of performance to price was not very high. Last year, we began to prepare our own planting materials. After a year of experiment, although it is not the best, it is relatively low in cost and feels good. Share it with orchid friends for reference ~ 1. Pine bark is fully fermented and cooked, insecticidal and sterilized ~ pine bark must be fully cooled before it can be used.

2. 40% pine bark

3 or 2% red sand and gravel, and can also be replaced by burning soil, small bricks and small carbon slag particles.

4, 20 Fushi, Fushi is similar to planting stone, about 20%, because it is cheaper than planting stone, so I can use this, I can also use plant stone, pumice, pond foundation stone instead, or even free pebbles.

5. Stir fully (add proper snake wood for better effect)

Other methods: according to the volume ratio: the compounding of ① soil cultivated plant materials. The first formula: 50% qu 60% soil plant materials (30% humus or sandy loam, 15% pond mud or peat soil, 5% "air sand"); 40% 50% "fairy soil" or artificial granular soil. The second formula: 60% soil plant material; 25% organic plant material; 15% inorganic plant material. The third formula: 50% grain husk charcoal (when the husk is burnt, that is, splashing water, preventing it from turning into ash, to enhance hydrophobicity and air permeability, and annealing gas); 35% humus or sandy loam soil; 15% pine needles. It is especially suitable for less root plants. The fourth formula: 30% aerated sandy soil; 40% humus soil; 30% shavings or pine leaves. It is most suitable for domestication and cultivation of Orchid. The fifth formula: 20% sandy loam soil; 10% "gas sandy soil"; 10% humus soil; 20% grain peel charcoal; 20% fully burnt cinder mass (annealed by water); 20% pine leaves or foam fragments. It has a good effect on the continuous denaturation of Cymbidium. Compounding of ② soilless cultivation plant materials. All-inorganic plant materials: 30% Styrofoam fragments; 50% brick fragments; 20% perlite or kaolin. All-organic plant materials: 30% tender branches; 30% peanut shells; 30% pine leaves; 10% water moss. Good water retention, fat, suitable for non-professional orchid farmers. Combined formula: 30% Styrofoam fragments; 30% tiles fragments; 20% tender branches; 10% pine leaves; lo% water moss. 50% high phosphate; 30% foam blocks; 10% pine leaves; 10% water moss. 50% coarse river sand; 30% foam blocks; 10% pine leaves; 10% water moss. The above formula Lanyou proved to be feasible, but the resources and climate are different in different places, so you can make changes in specific operation, and you don't have to stick to a certain formula. The basic components of orchid plants are orchid cornerstone, fairy soil particles, bluestone, pine bark and coconut bran. Others are added according to the habits of the orchid master. Such as: snake wood, peanut shell, sawdust, shavings, pine needles, oak (chestnut) leaves, walnut shell, peach (apricot) stone and so on. The specific proportion also varies from person to person. Orchid friends in Yunnan often use chestnut leaves for 50%. It is best to decide according to the local humidity and customs. Plant material is the material basis for the survival of fleshy orchids. Grasping the characteristics of orchids and preparing plant materials suitable for the growth of orchids are the key elements for the success of orchid cultivation. In the orchid growing area, Lanyou can easily buy orchid planting materials from the orchid city. Emei fairy soil in Sichuan, Tangji orchid stone in Taiwan and Guangzhou, as well as Japanese gold plant stone and domestic orchid soil can all be purchased freely. However, Lan you, who has no purchase conditions, is not so lucky. In that case, self-preparation of orchid plant materials has become a realistic choice for Lanyou, and it is also the only way to improve orchid art. The preparation of suitable plant material is the key to the success of orchid cultivation. For salaried orchid friends, using local materials to prepare their own plant materials, in addition to saving money, what is rare is that fun. In addition, it is one of the important ways to grasp the orchid. Cinder: the cinder left after coal combustion in cinder is easy to obtain and widely used by urban and rural Lanyou, especially household honeycomb cinder, which can be selected to remove dust quickly and can become the main component of plant material, which can be used to plant orchid, drain water and permeate, preserve water and fertilizer, light weight, no consolidation, no bacteria, and high content of phosphorus and potassium, which is beneficial to orchid plant rooting and promoting artistic change. Bricks: some orchid friends use red bricks or green bricks to crush and make bricks. The broken bricks accumulated at the edge of the pit can also be shoveled directly to the brick factory and made into coarse and medium grains after screening. This kind of hard plant has strong water absorption, good drainage and air permeability. The disadvantage is that it is easy to dry in autumn and winter and contains less nutrients. Pebbles: coarse sand is often used in construction sites to screen fine sand to paint the wall. Coarse grained stones the size of peanuts and mung beans are removed from the construction site, which are very suitable for growing orchids. They can also be screened in the river by themselves, removing large river pebbles and fine sand, and leaving coarse and medium grains for reserve. The advantages of pebbles are easy to obtain, easy to water, cool, quite blue, so there are few diseases. Zhangzhou, Guangdong Shunde Lanyou popular small gravel heated coconut bran planted orchid, the growth of the blue root snow-white, up to the export standard. Mountain mud: mountain mud is the fallen leaves and withered stems of plants after years of accumulation such as decaying, light and porous, strong permeability, a certain degree of acidity, rich in a lot of organic matter, generally known as humus soil, is a favorite plant material for orchid friends in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Yunnan, with sufficient fertility, strong seedlings and fast flowering. But for Xin Lanyou, watering is difficult to grasp, and if sterilization is not enough, it is easy to breed diseases. Burning soil: it is the soil that has been baked by fire. Fujian and Jiangxi are called turf soil, Guizhou is called soil skin ash, and farmers often use the base fertilizer for growing vegetables and crops. The burning soil is generally alkaline and becomes weakly acidic after being drenched in the rain for a few times. Because of its high temperature fire smoke fumigation, high soil fertilizer efficiency, rich in phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and non-viscous, loose and breathable. Waste fungus soil: also known as Lentinus edodes soil, is a waste mushroom tube for the production of edible fungi and tea tree mushrooms, and it is also a good planting material for orchids. Loose quality, high fertilizer efficiency, but high bacterial content, should be strong sterilization, otherwise it is easy to breed soft rot. Dry cow dung: dry cow dung is often used as farm manure in rural areas. After full ripening, it is exposed to sterilization for a week to eliminate insect eggs. As a plant additive for orchids, it is not only loose but also fertile, and does not hurt roots. Sawdust: it can be obtained from furniture factory and wood processing factory. It has good water absorption and contains certain mineral and organic matter. It is better to use it after composting. It is suitable for Cunninghamia lanceolata and miscellaneous wood, and the pine sawdust contains oil, so it is not suitable to be selected. Bark block: the bark is loose and light, conserving water and fertilizer. In particular, willow bark is the best, moisture-resistant and rot-resistant, and contains natural salicylic acid (aspirin), which can promote orchid rooting and sprouting and leaf photosynthesis. At the same time, aspirin has anti-inflammatory, bactericidal and antiseptic effects, which can effectively prevent rotting roots. Rotten wood: it is easy to pick orchids up the mountain. Rotten wood is rich in organic matter, water absorption and fertilizer conservation, heat preservation, heat dissipation and ventilation, which is a good medium for orchid planting. It is mixed with coarse particles to cushion the basin, and there is no need to change the basin for two or three years. Charcoal: light weight, low density, super water absorption, and the wood material is rich in phosphorus and potassium after calcination, which makes it a good choice for mixed gasket materials and a good material to eliminate stagnant water in the basin. Plastic foam: home appliances and daily necessities purchased by modern people are often packaged with foam materials. Many urban orchid friends use foam particles as orchid planting materials, and the trial results are good. Foam orchid has the advantages of no stagnant water, good heat preservation, good permeability, clean and disease-free, high germination rate and so on, but its disadvantage is no water absorption and no nutrients. It can be used as filling gasket, or granular material can be used instead of red brick. In addition, volcanic stone peat soil, bagasse, coconut bran and so on are also good planting materials for orchids, but it is not easy for orchids to obtain. No kind of plant material is perfect, while having certain advantages, there must be some shortcomings. Practice has proved that a single medium is difficult to meet the growth needs of orchids, and the ideal plant material can only be prepared according to the species of orchids in order to coordinate the advantages and disadvantages and promote each other. First, it is mainly based on granular plants: looseness and ventilation is the most basic requirement of orchid planting materials, and the traditional cultivation of orchids is mainly based on mountain mud, but the practice of modern orchids has proved that the selection of granular plants is easier to meet the needs of ventilation and water permeability of orchids. Granular plant material is easy to absorb and conserve water to meet the water supply needs of orchids. In particular, coarse particles used to pad the basin is essential, is a good way to eliminate stagnant water. The disadvantage of granular plant material is lack of fertilizer and lack of nutrient elements, but now a variety of special orchid fertilizer has basically made up for this defect. Bone powder can be mixed into the plant material to increase fat, and slow-release fertilizers such as Zhixiang and O'Condo can be applied after orchid pots, and supplementary fertilizers such as national orchid night treasure, orchid king, high extract spraying and root irrigation can also be used, and the effect is very good. The choice of granular plant materials is still very wide. The coarse cinder, broken bricks, pebbles and burning soil mentioned above are all very good granular plant materials. According to the characteristics of various particles and mixed with other plant materials, it will certainly be able to prepare a good plant material to raise strong seedlings. It should be pointed out that cinder, bricks and other plants that have been burned should be soaked for three days before preparation, and water should be changed every day to remove the "fire poison". Second, pay attention to soft and hard collocation and yin-yang harmony: with coarse particles of hard plant materials, but also need to properly match some soft plant materials, in order to play the effect of yin-yang harmony. In contrast, red brick granules, cinder and burning soil are hard value materials, which are angry and positive. And such as sawdust, bark, rotten wood and so on are soft plants, some are negative, generally speaking, the two are reasonably matched according to a certain proportion, and an ingenious orchid plant material is made. As for how to match, need Lanyou in the preparation process of careful experience, carefully speculate, it can be said that the process of preparing plant materials is the process of finding out the nature of the orchid. Third, the rational use of mud: wild orchids live deep in the mountains and forests, and accompany with the mountain mud for life. It can be said that the closest friend of the orchid is the mountain mud. Therefore, mountain mud has become the main plant material for traditional orchid cultivation, and it is still selected by some old orchid families with profound orchid skills, and the original planting plants cultivated by mountain mud are strong and full of vitality. But for modern orchids, especially Xinlan friends, it is difficult to control moisture is the main reason why people do not dare to use mountain mud to raise orchids easily. The mud collected from the primeval forest needs to be exposed to the sun for three or five days, and if possible, it can be exposed for more time, then sifted, removed impurities, abandoned fine mud, and left coarse and medium grains for ingredients. If there is no mud, the choice of burning soil and Lentinus edodes soil instead of Lentinus edodes can also keep the plant material "muddy". Finally, according to the "three-in-one" model of granular material, mud material and soft additive, several plant formulations are recommended for Lanyou to choose. 1. 30% of river pebbles or fine pebbles, 30% of coconut bran, 30% of burning soil, 10% of bark, 30% of cinder, 30% of river pebbles or fine pebbles, 30% of mountain mud, 10% of sawdust. 3. Cinder 30%, red brick grain 30%, mountain mud grain 30%, dried cow dung 10%, self-made soft plant formula: peat 40% + sweet-scented osmanthus leaves 20% + pine bark 15% + mountain mud 15% + phytolith 5% + ceramsite 5%. On April 2, 5 lotus petals and 2 spring orchids ripened with hard plant material were planted in the sweat sand basin, about 15 slow-release fertilizers were sprinkled in each basin, and watered twice a week for normal management. Third, the number of sprouting in spring is medium, the seedling condition is good, and the leaves are green, except that a Jianyang butterfly was thrown away with soft rot in June, the rest did not suffer from the disease; fourth, the depotting of the old root is as follows: 1. The old root is partially empty, and the long root is much empty. the problem of short root is not big; 2, the number of new root crystal head is OK; 3, the new root is generally short, and the longer one is also bent. 4. The basin surface in the plant material is still loose and breathable in 3 places, and the lower part is seriously compacted with stagnant water; 5. The pulverization of sweet-scented osmanthus leaves can not see the original shape, and the peat and bark have rotted and blackened; 6. There are several large earthworms parasitic in each basin, and there are many emote in small earthworms from hair to toothpicks. Experimental summary: 1. Ingredients are more suitable for orchid growth. 2. Too much pressure in the upper basin leads to too much density in the lower part of the plant, and the density of mud, phytolith and ceramsite is too heavy, which will compact the plant after watering, causing the lower roots to be soaked and unable to take root; 3, the problem of breeding earthworms and nematodes must be solved; 4, there are gains and losses, it is worth improving on this basis to continue the experiment. Instead of using phytolith and ceramsite, we will use 10% perlite, reduce the mud to 10%, and add some easily available shells of oil nuts.

There is always a suitable one for so many recipes, and it is important for orchid friends to play freely, and what is suitable for them is the best, according to the weather ratio of various places.