How to breed and cultivate sword orchid

Sword orchid is mainly propagated by dividing balls, and it can also be propagated by cutting balls, sowing and tissue culture. The life span of the corm is one year, and it is renewed once a year, that is, in the process of leafing and flowering in the same year, the corm expands at the base of the flower stem to form a new ball, and then the original mother ball gradually dries up and dies, and the new ball and the new ball can be taken off and planted separately. Usually the new ball can blossom in the second year, and the ball needs to be cultivated for another year before it can blossom. Cutting ball propagation requires that each part has more than one bud or part of the bud disk. Sowing and propagation are mostly used to cultivate new varieties, and seeds should be sowed as they are picked.

Planting sword orchids should choose places with sunny, deep soil, fertile and good drainage. Ploughing the soil and applying basic fertilizer before planting. Usually adopt high border planting or ridge planting, the planting density varies according to the size of the bulb, the general row spacing is 20-30 cm, the plant spacing is 10-15 cm, and the standard of soil mulching is 2-3 times the height of the corm. In order to prolong the flowering period, one batch can be planted every 10 days from late March to mid-late July to ensure that there are flowers to enjoy one after another since the Summer Solstice's autumn. The supply of flowers in winter and spring needs to be cultivated in greenhouse, and the growing period is more than 20-30 days longer than that in summer.

The management of fertilizer and water during the growth period is the key to make the plant blossom and grow well. From planting to the emergence of two leaves, watering should not be too much, so as not to affect flower bud differentiation. From the beginning of the stem can not be short of water, it is appropriate to keep the soil moist. The flowering period is the beginning of the alternating period of new and old balls, and there can be no shortage of water. After the flower fades, the amount of water can be gradually reduced, but it should not be too dry to ensure the growth of new balls. Since the middle and last ten days of September, the temperature decreased and the plant growth slowed down, so watering should be controlled.

Fertilizer should be applied at least three times during the growth period, the first time after the expansion of 2 leaves to promote growth and increase the number of flowers, the second time in the 4-leaf stage to promote stout flower branches and large flowers, and the third time after anthesis to promote the development of new bulbs. Pay attention to the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer should not be too much, otherwise it is easy to lodge. Winter cultivation should pay attention to supplementary light. After flowering, when the leaves appear withered and yellow above 3, they should immediately pill, dry the bulbs and store them in a low temperature and dry place. Family cultivation can be planted in a 26 cm mud basin. Choose fertile sandy loam, pH5.5~6.5 is the best. It can also be prepared with 8 parts of cooked soil, 2 parts of rotten leaf soil and 2 spoonfuls of compound fertilizer.

The depth of the bulb of sword orchid should be determined according to the size of the bulb and the properties of the soil, the bulb is large, the soil is loose, and the planting depth is 8 cm 10 cm; the ball is small, the soil is clayey, and the planting depth is 6 cm 8 cm. Open field planting in production should choose sandy loam with good drainage and ventilation to the sun, with a depth of about 30 cm, with rotten barnyard manure or compost as base fertilizer, with a plant spacing of 15 cm and a depth of 6 cm. If a big ball is planted in a hole, a small ball can be spread in a trench. After planting, cover the soil and step on it, then water it. The whole growth period of sword orchid is about 100 days. The cut flowers should be planted in batches according to the time required. The fertilizer and water management of sword orchid is the key to make the plant blossom and grow well.

During the growing period, it is necessary to maintain a certain amount of moisture in the soil. If it is too wet, it will rot, and if it is too dry, the leaf tip will turn yellow. Water should be watered every 2 to 3 days after emergence and every 2 days in summer. The water should be sufficient at the stage of flower bud growth. It can be watered once a day and slightly shaded, and waterlogged in time in the rainy season. The amount of water can be reduced after flowering, but it should not be too dry. Topdressing can start when the plant has 2 or 3 leaves and apply rotten human feces and urine or cake fertilizer and water every 15 days to promote stem and leaf growth. When the stem and leaf protrude to gestate the flower bud, avoid applying nitrogen fertilizer, too much nitrogen fertilizer will make the leaves grow too long and powerless, so we should apply phosphate fertilizer to promote the development and opening of flowers. In order to make the flower color bright, combined with watering calcium superphosphate and bone powder and so on.

After discharge, the aboveground part can be sprayed with 1% calcium superphosphate aqueous solution. Potassium fertilizer was applied once after flowering in order to improve the quality of corm and proliferate corm. Cut flowers can be cut off at the beginning of the inflorescence when the first and second flowers bloom, keeping 4-6 leaves as far as possible to prevent affecting the growth of the corm. It is better to cut in the morning or dusk. Insert the cut flowers into cold water and keep them in a cold place for about 10 days. The flowers on the inflorescence can bloom all the way to the top. The common diseases of sword orchid are blight, rot, leaf spot and rust, which mostly occur in hot and humid weather and poorly ventilated environment. Persisting in crop rotation and soil disinfection can effectively restrain the harm of nematodes.

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Cultivation and Propagation techniques of Cymbidium

The propagation of Prunus angustifolia is mainly divided into bulbs, and the new bulbs bloom in the second year, and the bulbs can also be cut in order to accelerate reproduction, each piece must have sprouts and roots, and the incisions must be coated with plant ash, slightly dried and planted, when cultivating new varieties, multi-use sowing and propagation, seeds are collected in autumn, and the germination rate is high; winter seedlings are transferred to greenhouse culture, and the next spring is carefully planted in the open field to strengthen management, and some seedlings can bloom in autumn.

Field management

In order to cultivate Gladiolus, we should choose sandy loam with sunny, good drainage and high humus content; although it can grow and blossom in clay, the development of renewal ball is poor, and there are few small balls formed under big ball, so enough base fertilizer should be applied in soil before planting, and it is better to be rich in phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The planting depth varies according to soil properties and corm size, generally 5 cm to 10 cm, plant spacing 15 cm to 25 cm, topdressing 3 times during the growth period. The first time after the two leaves unfold, to promote the bud stem and leaf growth; the second time, in the 4-leaf stem elongation to promote the bud, to promote the flower branch stout, the flower is large; the third time, after flowering, to promote the regeneration ball development. Sunshine during the growing period is beneficial to the differentiation and development of flower buds. In case of drought in summer, adequate irrigation should be provided, and attention should be paid to drainage and irrigation in the rainy season.

Culture methods and cultivation management of sword orchid

Sword orchid is a very good cut flower material, it and roses, carnations and Fulang flowers are known as the "four cut flowers in the world". There are also many flower lovers who grow sword orchids. Some people may ask how to raise sword orchids. What is the breeding method of sword orchids? So, today, Huayu Network will talk about the breeding methods and cultivation management of sword orchid for you. Before raising flowers, we should first understand the growth habits of flowers. Sword orchids are light-loving long-day plants, avoid cold, cool climate in summer, do not tolerate excessive heat, do not tolerate waterlogging, and avoid stagnant water. For the sandy loam with good drainage and fertile soil, the best pH value is 5.6. 6. 5. It is not suitable to plant in areas where heavy soil is prone to waterlogging.

The reproduction of sword orchid is mainly divided ball reproduction, the new ball blossoms in the second year, in order to accelerate reproduction, the bulb can also be cut, each piece must have bud and root part, the incision must be coated with plant ash, slightly dried and planted, when cultivating new varieties, multi-use sowing and propagation, seeds are picked in autumn and sowing, and the germination rate is high; winter seedlings are transferred to greenhouse culture, the Spring Equinox is planted in the open field, strengthen management, some seedlings can blossom in autumn. The sowing method is generally used to cultivate new varieties. When the seeds were picked and sown in summer and autumn, the germination rate was higher, but if they were moved to the greenhouse to survive the winter, and then transplanted to the open field in the next spring, some plants would bloom in summer. The seeds can also be collected and stored in the spring of the second year before sowing and breeding, and the seedlings can be dug up for storage in autumn, planted in the spring of the following year, and partially flowered in summer.

If the soil is dry after cultivation, irrigation should be carried out to promote the rapid rooting of the corm. The growth period from the third leaf to the seventh leaf is the floret primordium formation stage (three-leaf stage), and it is also the key period when the mother corm root begins to die and the new corm grows new roots. special attention should be paid to water supply, combined with loosening soil, weeding, topdressing and so on. The optimum temperature for the growth and development of sword orchid is generally no more than 27 ℃, so we should pay attention to ventilation and shading at high temperature in summer to avoid senescence and degradation of plant growth caused by high temperature. In addition, in the early stage of flower bud differentiation, sword orchid must meet more than 14 hours of light every day. After flower bud differentiation, properly shortening the hours of sunshine can promote its growth and facilitate early flowering.

The main diseases of sword orchid are penicillium rot, dry rot, blind flower disease and so on. The way to prevent penicillium rot is to try not to hurt the seed bulb during harvest and transportation, soak it in 2% potassium permanganate solution for several hours before planting, and remove the diseased plant at any time during the growth process. The prevention method of dry rot is to select the disease-free mother ball when planting and pull out the diseased plant in time in the process of growth. Blind flower disease is a physiological disease, which mostly occurs in winter cultivation. The prevention method is to ensure the appropriate temperature and light, and select the varieties that are resistant to low temperature and short sunshine.

The main pest of sword orchid is double-line mucilophilic slug, which can be sprayed with lime water, ammonia water or artificial culling. On the sword orchid culture methods and cultivation management first introduced here, I hope you through this article to have a deeper understanding of sword orchid, can grow a better sword orchid.