How to prevent the tip of Luohan pine from withering and dying?

Podocarpus is an ornamental plant of better quality, which is loved by most families. However, some Podocarpus in the planting process will appear such a disease: the tip color of the tender leaves began to change from red to pale brown, gray, and finally led to the death of the leaves of the whole tip.

Podocarpus leaf tip die-off reasons, mostly in high temperature, rainy season, tip for fungus damage. If podocarpus plant excessive growth, soft tissue, seedlings are too dense, poor ventilation, or due to sunburn and the formation of wounds, are easily infected by bacteria and induced this disease. Its prevention methods are:

(1)Remove dead branches and leaves and burn them to reduce the source of infection.

(2)When propagating, disease-free and healthy branches should be selected as reproductive materials.

(3)Protecting plants from mechanical damage, freezing, sunburn and wind damage reduces the incidence of this disease.

(4)Before the disease, spraying with 75% chlorothalonil WP 500 times solution or 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture once every 2 weeks can effectively prevent the disease from occurring.

Podocarpus potted landscape conservation Podocarpus potted landscape picture appreciation

Podocarpus potted landscape conservation Podocarpus potted landscape picture appreciation

Podocarpus is a kind of sunny and shade-tolerant evergreen plants, indoor decoration is an ideal plant. There is some resistance to pests. 1. Breeding and cultivation:

Podocarpus propagation, available seeding method and cuttage method, seed with the pick with the seed. Cuttage method as long as in podocarpus growth period can be carried out, but in spring and autumn mainly in May and June is better. Select the current year, slightly lignified branches for cuttings. The author cuttings a batch of podocarpus seedlings; operation method: first prepare a good seedbed, seedbed total height of 30 cm, divided into three layers: bottom 10 cm cinder, 0.7 cm coarse sand, 13 cm after picking and screening sterile mountain soil or vegetable garden soil. Cut the branches into about 10 centimetres long, remove the needles below the top, and treat them with vitamin P12 injection. After two minutes, insert the branches into the prepared seedbed and water them thoroughly. Later to keep wet, often spray to the leaves; when the sun temperature is high, must set up shade; night shade open, let the branches by dew, encounter high temperature dry in the air, but also must spray water around the seedbed to reduce the temperature. As long as reasonable daily management is adopted, the taproot can be healed and survived in 60 to 70 days; the branches can grow to 07 to 10 cm in height in the current year, and can be managed in the next year.

In order to make the seedlings grow faster, they can be cultured in bed, but the surviving seedlings need to be sparsely planted and cultivated. After a few years, bonsai modeling can also be carried out in the seedbed. In the pot at the same time, according to the tree shape can be artificially modeled, retain the terminal branch buds or useful branches on the side buds, the rest of the branches and buds are all removed, the benefits: a. Can reduce the consumption of water; b. Promote the trunk to grow and thicken; c. It can highlight the beauty of the tree trunk. After the stump is fixed, as long as the tree is pruned every year, the stump can increase year by year with the growth of years.

Second, shape and pose: 01, modeling types: there are the following types: cliff type; big cliff type; semi-cliff type; oblique trunk line; curved dry type: co-planting type and so on. In the process of modeling, the artistic processing must be carried out according to the natural beauty of the seedlings, and the beauty must be improved according to the material conditions, so that the modeling is just strong and hierarchical. 02, modeling tools: bamboo sticks, iron wire, copper wire, plastic belt, hemp rope and so on are available. 03, modeling procedure: in the course of operation, iron wire can be selected according to branch thickness-01). Thicker branches are more difficult to shape. Thicker iron wires can be used to lean against the branches, and plastic straps can be used to tie up the iron wires and branches together. Then the bound branches are bent according to people's will by hand, and after about half a year or a year, the iron wire is untied. At this time, the branches will be shaped after a year of growth. 02) the difficult branch can be operated on and make a small cut at the main point to be bent, so that the branch can be bent down. After bending, the wound must be wrapped in fresh moss or sterile soil to make the wound heal. 03) Root shape: the whole stump can be lifted when changing pots after growing for many years. How to operate: the stump that will change the basin is turned out from the basin; when changing into the new basin, lift the tree bag, fill in more organic culture soil, and so on when the stump returns to normal growth, wash away the soil from the tree pocket and basin surface with water, so that the roots will be exposed. After several years of growth, the roots exposed on the basin surface go through photosynthesis, and the sun and night dew all form a vigorous and quaint posture, making the whole stump seem vigorous and powerful. In the future, as long as the buds are picked and pruned reasonably in the vigorous growth period of spring and autumn, the branches and leaves will grow thick and luxuriant.

04) styling techniques: pruning and modeling is relatively simple, binding, pressing, binding, hanging and other modeling techniques are more difficult, which requires higher requirements for the stylist's artistic imagination, operation skills and the status of tree stems and branches. In the modeling process, it is necessary to carry out artistic processing according to the natural beauty of the seedlings, that is, it must be based on the tree system, beauty and beauty, so that the shape is just strong and hierarchical. a. Scissors: make use of the characteristics of resistance to pruning and small leaf shape to make various shapes, such as spherical, conical, multi-layered spherical, etc., only need to be trimmed according to the pre-designed graphics. When trimming the three-layer sphere, first choose a tree seedling with obvious trunk and good upright shape. If the three-layer sphere is designed with a total height of 2 meters, the lower layer is about 50 cm high, the middle layer is about 40 cm high, and the top layer is 30 cm high. all branches between the first and second layers and 35 cm between the second and third layers need to be cut off, and then trim three spheres. It is appropriate for the above, middle and lower three balls to get bigger and bigger, in order to coordinate the proportion and have a better ornamental value. Generally, it is appropriate to prune the new branches when the tip is 20cm to 30cm, which needs to be trimmed many times to make each layer round and compact. b. Tie: the strong bamboo stick and strong hemp rope can be selected in the binding method, and the bamboo stick and branches can be fastened and fastened with hemp rope, and then one end of the bamboo stick can be fixed on the trunk, thus by adjusting the direction of the bamboo stick, make the branches grow in a specific direction according to the wishes of the stylist, so as to achieve the purpose of modeling. It should be noted that the Zafa modeling is suitable for the younger tree, while the older one is difficult and ineffective because of its stout branches. c. Pressure: pressure modeling is mainly through the trunk bending, tilting the method, so that the tree on the slope presents a completely different from the vertical level of artistic beauty. Because the branches of Luohansong are like human arms, and the clusters form hemispherical leaves, which are planted on the top of the branches like human palms, coupled with bent trees, it is like a usher bending his arms to welcome the guests, which is very vivid. It should be noted that after bending the tree, the inclined end must be supported by a wooden stake to prevent the tree from tilting excessively and falling down, and between the contact surface between the stake and the tree, cushioned with moderately thick straw to avoid tree injury.

05) shaping technology: the leaves of Luohan pine are evergreen all the year round, the leaves are small and dense, the branches are short, the trunk is vigorous, and the life is long and resistant to pruning, so it is one of the good materials for making bonsai. Due to the slow growth rate of Luohan pine, the shaping of pile scene is also slow. Good Luohan pine bonsai can be found in rare goods. In order to produce more and faster Luohan pine stakes, we try to make some tree stumps with good trunk shape but missing branches try to make their shape perfect. Over the past few years, after a great deal of practice, some experiences have been summed up, and the relevant technical essentials are introduced as follows:

a. Bright foot lack of branches to make up for the method: some Luohan pine pile body method, branches and plates are very good, but the lower part of the branch plate is missing, or a bad wood of Luohan pine, the trunk has plasticity, the upper part also has enough branches, but there are no branches in the lower part of the trunk, which brings some difficulty to billet modeling. If you re-cultivate the lower branches, it is absolutely difficult to make the proportion of the upper and lower branches commensurate, and the time is long. In order to solve this problem, we try to use the method of connecting small trees, and the effect is very good. Methods: select the small trees with strong plants, luxuriant branches and leaves and suitable trunk thickness, and pot or transplant them next to the big trees that need to make up for the branches. West Sichuan is connected in March and April (temperature 15-22 degrees). After being connected, the big trees and small trees are managed normally, and according to the growth and healing of the small branches, they are cut off twice; after the grafted branches are fully survived, they will be pruned or styled as needed. In this way, young trees can be grafted on every imperfect part of the body of Luohan pine. After this compensation, the overall shape of the bonsai of Luohan pine tends to be perfect and the appreciation value of the bonsai can be improved. b. Root repair method: some Luohansong, due to stagnant water or other damage, seriously damaged, directly affecting plant growth. If the rescue is not timely, it is easy to cause death. In this case, the way to rescue and make up for it: in March and April, select the young tree with strong body and well-developed root system, transplant it next to the big tree, and connect the middle and lower part of the small tree to the base of the big tree. As long as the docking of the cambium is mastered, fixed and sealed with a thin film in the process of implementation, the growth rate can reach more than 95%. After the grafting survives, cut off the upper part of the young tree. In this way, the root of this young tree becomes the root of a big tree. If the stump is large or the root is seriously damaged, several trees can be grafted in different directions at the same time to increase the root system. And even completely replace the roots of the original tree. By using this method, the root shape of Luohan pine bonsai can be changed, and the exposed root system can show the effect of hanging root and showing claws. c. The method of segmenting the tree: there are some lohan pines that have become big trees. Due to various reasons, the branches are damaged, the crown is shrunk, the roots are lame, and their growth is extremely bad. It is a pity to leave them useless. In this case, the segmented molding method can be adopted to turn waste into treasure. The method is to saw into several sections according to the shape of the trunk of the tree. The sawed tree body is fixed in the soil with three sticks. First, the root repair method is used to graft the root on the lower part of the tree section, and then the missing branch method is used to make up for the lack of branches to graft the upper branch in the appropriate position of the tree body. After the grafted roots and branches have survived, they will be modeled by pruning and pruning. In two or three years' time, a plump and robust Luohan pine will appear in front of us. After the transformation of Luo Hansong, the value of art appreciation and economic value will be greatly improved.

III. Maintenance management:

01. Illumination: Pinus elliottii is a neutral and partial negative tree species, which can accept strong light and grow in a shady environment. Although the summer temperature is high and the sun is strong in Shunde area, the tree is beneficial to maintain its leaf shape under the condition of high temperature and strong light, so it is not necessary to shade the tree in Shunde in summer. Because of the tender tissue, the seedlings of Luohan pine should not be exposed to strong light for a long time, so it is suggested that they should be preserved in the shade. 02. Watering: Luohansong is not a Pinaceae plant and is not resistant to drought. On the contrary, Luohansong is resistant to Yin and dampness, so it should be watered frequently during the growing period, but it should not be watered. Shunde area should pay attention to regular watering when it is sunny in summer, generally watering once in the morning and evening, and often spraying foliar water to make the leaves bright green and grow well. Rain Water is usually more in summer. Luo Hansong is not resistant to waterlogging, so we should pay attention to prevent stagnant water for a long time. 03, fertilization: Luohansong likes fertilizer, should be thin fertilizer frequently, fertilizer is mainly nitrogen fertilizer, can add appropriate amount of black alum, retting into alum fertilizer water. During the growing period, fertilization can be applied once every two months, and fertilization can be combined with watering at the same time (the ratio of water and fertilizer is 9:1). The method of semi-orchard ditch application can be used for large area planting, with 300-500 grams of fast-soluble compound fertilizer each time. Potted plants can be sprayed with 0.5% water fertilizer or 1.0% water fertilizer or thin cake liquid water fertilizer each time. 04, change the basin: bonsai or potted Luohansong can be changed once every three or four years, before sprouting in spring, or in autumn, the bottom of the basin should be put into human-based fertilizer soil, human-cultivated soil can be used, fertilization should be carried out during the growing period, fertilizer can be used with mature human dung or bean cake, etc.

05. Prevention of diseases and insect pests: Luohan pine is easy to raise and easy to manage, but we should pay attention to prevent leaf blight, new leaf aphid and shell insects in order to ensure the healthy growth of Luohan pine. The author summarizes the planting experience of each flower and tree farm, and introduces the incidence characteristics and control points of the following three kinds of diseases and insect pests.

01) Leaf blight: Luohan pine leaf blight is the biggest headache for many flower growers. The disease mainly occurs on the tender leaves of the shoots of Luohan pine. After infection, the leaf color is red and the disease spot is irregular, spreading from the leaf tip to the leaf base, resulting in the death of the first half of the leaf. The plaque is light brown in the later stage. With the development of the disease, small black spots appeared on both sides of the leaf disease in the later stage, which seriously affected the growth and ornamental of Pinus elliottii. The disease overwintered as mycelia in litter, and in the following spring, the pathogen invaded the tender leaves or invaded the branches from the wound. Generally speaking, the disease can be caused by over-dense cultivation, poor ventilation, extensive management, sunburn and other conditions, and it is easy to occur from April to May and August to September. Control methods: cut off the withered branches and seriously diseased leaves in winter, remove the diseased leaves on the surface and destroy them centrally, strengthen the maintenance and management, and enhance the disease resistance of the plant. In the early stage of the disease, spray control with fungicides such as 1000 times of benzoin, 75% chlorothalonil and 100 times Bordeaux, once every 7 to 10 days, even 2 times for 3 times, in order to prevent the disease. 02) New leaf aphid: new leaf aphid is a common pest on Pinus elliottii, its body is reddish brown or reddish purple, oval. It is about 1.3 mm long and 0.6 mm wide. The ventral canal is truncated and lies on a brown cone. The tail piece is papillae, protruding from the ventral end. As a result, if aphids gather on the young shoots and the back of young leaves of Siraitia grosvenorii to suck sap, the young shoots grow poorly, the leaves become smaller, the leaf color turns yellow, and the tree is weak. The new leaf aphid of Luohansong overwintered with eggs on the branches, and the overwintering eggs hatched into nymphs in April of the following year, and then gathered on the new shoots, and reached the peak period of reproduction from 05 to June, with the most serious damage. After July, due to the high temperature, the insect population density decreased obviously. After autumn cool, the insect population rose again, female and male aphids were produced in October, and the eggs were laid after mating, and then the eggs were used to overwinter. Control method: before the sprouting of Luohansong in early spring, spray Baume 1-3 degree stone sulfur mixture to kill the overwintering eggs. When the overwintering eggs were finished in late April, at the initial stage of the damage of nymphs, 50% aldicarb wettable powder was sprayed 600 times 800 times, or 25% quickly killed 1000 times, 1500 times. 03) scale insects: it is also a stubborn pest on Luohan pine, which harms Luohan pine with adults and nymphs. The adult shell is 2.5 mm long and brown, the central bulge of the shell is hemispherical and the surface is smooth; the nymph is light yellow or light pink, and the back of the newly hatched nymph is ridged and translucent. Scale insects mainly gather in young parts such as leaves, petioles and tender stems of Luohan pine, sucking plant sap, worsening host nutritional status, chlorotic leaves and poor plant growth. Scale insects occur for three generations a year, overwintering with adults and nymphs in the host. The incubation period of scale insects in Guangdong is late March and late June, respectively. Control method: scrape or wipe off the shell insects on the leaves and branches manually. During the nymph incubation period, choose 1500 times of EC or 2.5% EC of 4000 times for spray control, and pay attention to spraying the solution to the back of the leaves.

04) the occurrence of diseases and insect pests of Luohan pine is less, but attention should be paid to the control of red spiders in summer high temperature and dry season. Red spiders are clustered with adult mites, nymph mites and young mites to absorb juice near the leaf veins, leaf edges and twigs of the leaves of Luohan pine. The injured leaves show a lot of pink-green on the front, then turn gray-white spots, lose their inherent luster, and in severe cases, the whole leaves are gray-white. Control methods: in the high incidence period of red spiders (05-09), spray some insecticides for the treatment of red spiders, such as daben, thiazox, phenylbutyltin, etc., spray once every 10 days, use concentration reference manual.

Fourth, to identify Luohansong: Luohansong, which belongs to the genus Luohansong of the family Luohansong. It is evergreen all the year round, vigorous and elegant, especially Lo Han Song, which is more loved by people. It occupies an unusual position in the potted art of our country.

Pinus elliottii is a variety of Luohan pine, which is mainly different from Luohan pine or middle-leaf Luohan pine: big-leaf Luohan pine is a big tree, middle-leaf Luohan pine is a subtree, and Luohan pine is a small shrub. At present, in the flower and tree market, some people often use the seedlings of Luohansong in the middle of the tree to be sold as sparrow pines. Siraitia grossedentata is difficult to distinguish between true and false at the seedling stage, and it is generally necessary to "look at four": one look at the leaves: the leaves of Siraitia grossedentata are small and round, shaped like sparrow tongue; the leaves of large leaves and middle leaves are generally pointed; the leaves of Luohan pine are thicker than the first two, especially the midrib is prominent. The second look at the stem: large leaves and middle leaves Luohan pine green; Finch tongue Luohan pine dark, dark green. Three look at the festival: the sparrow tongue Luohan pine spring and autumn shoot each a section, the node is dense, the ton section is obvious, the length of the two shoots adds up to half an inch at most; the big leaf and the middle leaf Luohan pine node is long, the growth is fast, the ton section is not as obvious as the sparrow tongue Luohansong pine. Four look at the tip: sparrow tongue Luohan pine spring shoot leaves dense, shaped like chrysanthemum heart, which is large leaves and middle leaves of Luohan pine do not have, but autumn shoot buds scattered, can not afford chrysanthemum heart, so it is more difficult to learn.

How to raise the bonsai of Luohansong?

Luohan pine, also known as Taxodium, Pinus elliottii, Luohan pine, etc., is an evergreen coniferous tree of the Luohansong family, which is native to China and is widely cultivated in the Yangtze River valley and the southeast coastal area. it has extremely high ornamental value, meticulous and uniform material, easy processing and medicinal value. it can be used as furniture, utensils, stationery and agricultural tools. Let's take a look at the breeding methods of Luohansong.

Growth habits of Pinus elliottii

Luohansong likes warm and humid climate, weak cold resistance, strong negative resistance, sandy loam with good drainage, strong adaptability to soil, and can survive on saline-alkali soil. It has strong resistance to sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxide and other pollution gases and strong resistance to diseases and insect pests. China is produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong and other places. Cultivated in the garden as an ornamental tree, there are very few wild trees.

Propagation methods of Pinus elliottii

1. Sowing: the sowing and propagation of Pinus elliottii can be carried out in August, usually in the open field seedbed, with picking and sowing, covering with straw, shading, keeping the substrate moist, and covering with plastic film to prevent freezing in winter.

2. Cuttage: the cuttage propagation of Pinus elliottii can be carried out in spring and autumn, the spring is in the middle of March, and the one-year-old stout dormant branches are selected as cuttings. Autumn is planted from July to August, and semi-lignified green branches are selected as cuttings. Cuttings should have heel, pay attention to shade, and March is the most suitable for transplanting.

Culture method of Luohansong

1. Soil: the cultivation of Pinus elliottii requires slightly acidic culture soil rich in humus, loose and fertile, and good drainage. In alkaline soil, the leaves are yellowed, the growth is slow, and the life span is long, up to hundreds of years, or even more than a thousand years.

2. Watering: Luohansong is not a plant of Pinaceae and is not resistant to drought. On the contrary, Luohansong is resistant to Yin and dampness, so it should be watered frequently during the growing period, but it should not be watered. Shunde area should pay attention to regular watering when it is sunny in summer, generally watering once in the morning and evening, and often spraying foliar water to make the leaves bright green and grow well. Rain Water is usually more in summer. Luo Hansong is not resistant to waterlogging, so we should pay attention to prevent stagnant water for a long time.

3. Sunshine: Pinus elliottii is a neutral and negative tree species, which can not only accept strong light, but also grow in a shady environment. Although the temperature is high and the sun is strong in summer, it is not necessary to shade the tree in summer because the tree is propitious to maintain its leaf shape under the condition of high temperature and strong light. Because of the tender tissue, the seedlings of Luohan pine should not be exposed to strong light for a long time, so it is suggested that they should be preserved in the shade.

4. Temperature: Luohansong is suitable for potted plants in the north. When the outdoor air temperature is stable at about 10 ℃, leave it outside in a leeward and sunny place, and move to a semi-shady place after summer. When the temperature does not drop to 5 ℃ in winter, you should enter the room and control the watering after entering the room, so that you can survive the winter safely without freezing.

5, fertilization: Luohansong likes fertilizer, should be thin fertilizer frequently, fertilizer is mainly nitrogen fertilizer, can add appropriate amount of black alum, retting into alum fertilizer water. During the growing period, fertilization can be applied once every two months, and fertilization can be combined with watering at the same time (the ratio of water and fertilizer is 9:1).

6. Insect pests: Luohan pine is mainly harmful to leaf spot and anthracnose, and is sprayed with 50% methyl topiramate wettable powder 500 times. Pests are harmful to shell insects, red spiders and coir moths, which can be sprayed with 1500 times omethoate EC.

Matters needing attention in culture of Luohansong

The main results are as follows: 1. The basin soil is slightly dry in the growing season. If the basin soil is watered too much and the basin soil is moist for a long time, it will lead to rotten roots and yellow leaves. In severe cases, a large number of leaves fall off, and the plant eventually dies. However, there is more water demand in summer, watering should be sufficient, and the pot soil is easy to scorch if the leaves are too much.

2. During the growth period, attention should be paid to pruning and coring the molded plants to prevent the branches and leaves from growing, and to maintain the graceful posture of Luohansong. When changing the basin, we should pay attention to cut off too many roots and rotten fibrous roots, and at the same time cut off the dense branches and growing branches.

3. When the outdoor temperature drops to 5 ℃ in winter, it should be moved indoors. After entering the room, watering should be controlled and fertilization should be stopped. Generally every 2 years to change the basin, the time to change the basin in spring and autumn. When changing the basin, pay attention to properly cut off the excessive root system and rotten fibrous root, cut off the overdense branches and add new culture soil.

4. Potted Luohansong is usually placed on a high platform or stone, so that insects such as ants and earthworms can be reduced to drill into the flowerpot from the bottom hole of the flowerpot and harm the plant.

5. During the cultivation of Luohansong, the root system should be extended, cover the soil to 2 cm along the edge of the basin, water it once, put the flowerpot in a shaded and ventilated place, slow the seedlings for 7 to 10 days, and then move to a sunny and humid environment after the pine is restored to life. keep the basin soil moist and make it grow vigorously.

6. The cause of leaf tip death of Luohan pine is that the tip is damaged by fungi in high temperature and rainy seasons. if the plant is too long, the tissue is tender, the seedlings are too dense, the ventilation is poor, or the wound is formed because of the same burn, it is easy to be infected by bacteria and induce the disease.