[Apple Tree Management] how to manage apple trees in different periods

The role of apple tree is mainly reflected in the edible value of its fruit, especially for fruit growers, only high-quality fruit and high fruit setting rate can ensure higher economic profits. And this requires us to make more efforts in maintenance and management.

Management of non-fruiting period of Apple trees

Water and fertilizer: after the apple tree has experienced a heavy fruiting period, the "energy" in all aspects has been exhausted and needs to be replenished in time. Organic fertilizer should be applied after autumn harvest. Generally speaking, it is suitable when the leaf function has not yet declined and there is a strong photosynthesis. At this time, the return of nutrients to the roots can promote root growth and root healing, which is conducive to increase the nutritional level of the tree, combined with irrigation, supplemented by 0.3% urea fertilizer spraying in late autumn leaves, in order to delay leaf senescence and increase leaf photosynthesis time. Improve the nutritional level of tree storage, so as to ensure the number of high-quality flower buds in the coming year. In addition, conditional orchards can be watered once before freezing, which has an obvious effect on preventing frost damage.

Pruning: winter pruning of apple trees is a very important link, which mainly adjusts the skeleton structure of the tree, balances the growth of all parts of the tree, and regulates the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth. At present, the more suitable tree shapes are: small crown sparse layer shape, free spindle shape, slender spindle shape, trunk cylindrical shape and so on. Pruning should be different from tree to tree, with emphasis on tree structure, reasonable matching of large and small branches and uniform distribution, so as to make full use of light energy and achieve the goal of high quality and high yield.

Management of Apple trees after picking

Disease prevention and leaf protection: generally speaking, there is still one month before the dormancy of deciduous leaves after harvest, so it is extremely important to prevent disease and protect leaves, because complete and thick leaves are the guarantee for fruit trees to improve flower bud quality and nutrition accumulation in autumn. After fruit picking, insecticides, fungicides and foliar fertilizer should be sprayed 3 times. Spraying chemical fertilizer can significantly prolong the functional period of leaves and improve photosynthetic efficiency, so as to provide more nutrients for root growth and tree storage, which is beneficial to the overwintering and growth of fruit trees in the second year.

Thorough cleaning of the garden: spray spray to clear the garden after defoliation or late November, and spray the whole tree with Yulun or Guokangbaogalesben, the control effect of spraying on branch diseases and overwintering pests is better than that in early spring. After fruit harvest, combined with pruning, cut off all kinds of diseased branches and damaged branches, saw and scrape off the branches suffering from rot and dry rot, and collect and destroy them at any time. It is necessary to thoroughly remove the residual branches and fallen leaves, diseases, insects and rotten fruits in the garden and bury them deeply. For the big branches and trunks with worms of longicorn beetles and gibberellins, cotton, poison and mud should be used to block the worms, eliminate pests and protect trees. To destroy branch cocoons and rough sewing insect pests hidden places, thoroughly clear the garden, leaving no dead corners.

Management of flowering period of Apple trees

Medication: pay attention to artificial pollination and flower thinning, spray 300x borax and 500x urea mixture 1-2 times in full bloom, spray 800x marmalade once, spray permethrin 2000 times at the end of falling flower and increase raw Murray 45800 times. The varieties susceptible to mildew heart disease, such as Xinxing, Red Marshal, and Beidou, were sprayed with 1000 times carbendazim in full bloom.

Fruits and vegetables: fruit thinning work is carried out half a month after falling flowers, usually leaving one fruit in 25-30 square meters, keeping the fruit sitting in the center when thinning the fruit, thinning the other side flowers and fruits, thinning the disease and insect fruit, deformed fruit, round fruit, short branch fruit on the back of the main side branch. Leave drooping fruit, fruit-shaped upright fruit, long round fruit. Through fruit thinning, the reasonable load of fruit trees is ensured, and the yield per mu is controlled at about 250 kg. According to the yield standard, the number of fruits per plant is determined according to tree age, tree potential and so on.

Fruit bagging: on the premise of doing a good job in fruit thinning, all the fruits on the tree are covered with plastic film bags, so that not only the fruit will not rot, increase the number of fruits, and increase the yield, but also after the full bag, there is no need to protect the fruit and save the investment in medicine. after the whole bag, Bordeaux solution is only injected 2-3 times throughout the year to control leaf diseases, focusing on the prevention and control of leaf-eating pests such as red spiders and leaf moths. When bagging, pay attention to blow the plastic bag open, it is best to use a card to seal, to prevent Rain Water from entering the bag, with incense seal should be tightly sealed. Bagging order should be first up and down, first inside and then out, after bagging, spray fungicides all over the garden.

The fruit of the apple tree is not only edible, but also has a very good ornamental effect. When the fruit period of the apple tree arrives and the numerous fruits hang all over the branches, it will bring people not only visual enjoyment, but also a full sense of achievement.

The fruit of the apple tree is not only edible, but also has a very good ornamental effect. When the fruit period of the apple tree arrives and the numerous fruits hang all over the branches, it will bring people not only visual enjoyment, but also a full sense of achievement.