[Peanut planting technology] How to grow peanuts

What is the peanut planting technology? The production practice has proved that high yield and high benefit of peanut can be achieved only when the whole seedling is strong, flowers are full and fruits are full. In order to achieve the above goals, the following comprehensive measures should be taken:

Peanut planting technology

Seed preparation

The seed preparation for sowing is very important to ensure the whole seedling and improve the yield and quality of peanut.

The main results are as follows: (1) before seed selection and shelling, the remaining pods are re-selected, and full double-kernel fruits are selected as seeds. After shelling, the seeds were selected and graded. Firstly, the seeds of blighted, small, broken, infected diseases and insect pests and mildew were picked out, and then the seeds were divided into first, second and third grades according to the size of the seeds, but the third grade seeds were generally not used as seeds.

(2) fruit drying before sowing can increase seed ripening, break seed dormancy, promote enzyme activity, benefit the transformation of nutrients in seeds and improve seed vitality; fruit drying can dry seeds, enhance seed coat permeability, increase seed infiltration pressure, enhance water absorption capacity, and promote seed germination, especially for seeds with poor maturity and moisture during storage. Drying fruit can also have a germicidal effect.

(3) peeling peanuts should not be peeled too early. Because the shelled seeds are easy to absorb water, enhance respiration, accelerate the activity of enzymes, promote material transformation, consume a lot of nutrients and reduce the ability of germination. Therefore, the shelling time of peanuts is as close to the sowing time as possible.

(4) germination test is one of the programs that must be carried out before sowing all kinds of crops. Through the germination test, first, the waste can be reduced, and second, the necessary remedial measures can be taken as soon as possible. Through the germination test, the seed value of peanuts can be known in advance. The seeds that basically lose their germination function can be replaced in time for other use, and the seeds with low germination rate can be soaked to accelerate germination or appropriately increase the sowing amount to make up for it.

(5) seed dressing with different chemicals according to different requirements, or improve the disease and insect resistance of peanut, or supplement nutrient elements, enhance the vigor of peanut seeds, or enhance its drought resistance, to ensure that peanut seedlings are full, whole and strong, and lay a good foundation for high quality and high yield of peanut.

Seed dressing with ① seed dressing agents: seed dressing with 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 40% carbendazim wettable powder according to 0.3% of seed weight can effectively prevent rotting roots and death of seedlings; mixing seeds with 50% phoxim emulsion according to 0.2% of seed quantity, or 50% chlordane emulsion according to 0.1% of seed quantity 0.3% can control underground pests at seedling stage.

Soaking seeds with ② to accelerate seed germination is one of the important measures to strive for the whole seedling, which is to create suitable conditions for seed germination by artificial methods. Sprouting is beneficial to solve the contradiction between early sowing and low temperature rotten seed, sowing in time, but also ensuring good planting and reducing seed waste. Depending on the weather, if the weather continues to be low, the easiest way to germinate is to soak the seeds in 40 ℃ of warm water for 4 hours. After absorbing enough water, the seeds will be removed and placed in a basket covered with plastic film. The seeds can be germinated at a temperature of 25 ℃ and 30 ℃, and the seeds can be germinated after 24 hours.

Measures for strengthening whole seedlings of Peanut

1. Seed selection. Two-seed and three-seed pods were selected for drying with shell for 2-3 days. After shelling, grain selection should be carried out to remove small grains, mildew grains, broken grains, disease and insect grains, wrinkled grains, and select large grains, smooth grains and full grains as seeds.

2. Land selection and preparation. Peanut should be planted in rotation, and should be selected in light soil, and the field with partial sand and deep soil layer is the best. The soil should be ploughed deeply and base fertilizer should be re-applied to make the soil and fertilizer blend, keep the plough layer crisp and have comprehensive nutrients. The ground is required to be dry, the soil is fine, and the ignorance is "dark and bumpy".

3. Sowing at the right time. It is most suitable to sow seeds at a depth of 5 m and above 15 ℃ in 3 days. Soil moisture should be appropriate, sowing in soil moisture within the suitable sowing period to ensure water absorption after sowing.

4. Ploughing and loosening the soil. Ploughing and loosening the soil in time after peanut emergence, in order to eliminate weeds, break consolidation, enhance soil ventilation, increase soil temperature, promote rooting, and create conditions for rapid growth and growth of peanuts.

The measure of Peanut flowering in full bloom

The flowering period of peanut lasted for more than 90 days, and the seed setting rate was the highest in the middle and early stage, but it was difficult to bear fruit in the later stage. Therefore, in cultivation, measures should be taken from all aspects to promote the middle and front flowers, reduce the late flowers, and make the florescence properly concentrated, so as to achieve "multi-flowers".

1. Apply strong seedling fertilizer. Strong seedlings are beneficial to early differentiation and branching of flower buds. If nitrogen fertilizer is not used as base fertilizer or seed fertilizer, topdressing should be applied as early as possible after peanut emergence. According to data, peanuts should be topdressing 7.5 kg of ammonium sulfate per mu 10 days after emergence.

2. Applying phosphorus, potassium and calcium fertilizer at flowering stage. When peanuts bloom and fruit needles enter the soil, 10-15 kg of calcium superphosphate, 4-5 kg of potassium chloride and 20 kg of gypsum are applied evenly between the rows to loosen the soil and bury fertilizer. Spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution on the leaf surface once.

3. Spray growth regulator. For peanuts with medium growth and above, spraying 500 × 10 Mel 6 solution or 0.3% Lue 0.5% solution at full flowering stage could significantly increase the yield.

Measures for high yield without premature senescence of peanuts with multiple fruits:

1, yield; 2. Peanut podding period (about 30 cm of peanut seedlings). During this period, Liu Zhaobao formula is mainly applied to peanut stem and leaf peanut flowering stage. Its main function is to make peanut blossom more and set more fruits. Improve peanut growing fields to control prosperity, promote the transfer of nutrients from stems and leaves to the roots, and make big fruits full. 3. The main purpose of applying Liu Zhaobao formula during peanut satiety period (pods 50% full, 15-20 days before harvest) is to control leaf spot, protect stems and leaves, so that peanuts do not senescence prematurely and harvest live stalks. Increase the plumpness of peanut and increase the yield of peanut.

Fourth, it is difficult to apply Liu Zhaobao formula three times in the whole cycle of peanuts. If you are interested, you can inquire about Liu Zhaobao formula online.

2. Applying phosphorus, potassium and calcium fertilizer at flowering stage. When peanuts bloom and fruit needles enter the soil, 10-15 kg of calcium superphosphate, 4-5 kg of potassium chloride and 20 kg of gypsum are applied evenly between the rows to loosen the soil and bury fertilizer. Spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution on the leaf surface once.

3. Spray growth regulator. For peanuts with medium growth and above, spraying 500 × 10 Mel 6 solution or 0.3% Lue 0.5% solution at full flowering stage could significantly increase the yield.

Measures for high yield without premature senescence of peanuts with multiple fruits:

1, yield; 2. Peanut podding period (about 30 cm of peanut seedlings). During this period, Liu Zhaobao formula is mainly applied to peanut stem and leaf peanut flowering stage. Its main function is to make peanut blossom more and set more fruits. Improve peanut growing fields to control prosperity, promote the transfer of nutrients from stems and leaves to the roots, and make big fruits full. 3. The main purpose of applying Liu Zhaobao formula during peanut satiety period (pods 50% full, 15-20 days before harvest) is to control leaf spot, protect stems and leaves, so that peanuts do not senescence prematurely and harvest live stalks. Increase the plumpness of peanut and increase the yield of peanut.

Fourth, it is difficult to apply Liu Zhaobao formula three times in the whole cycle of peanuts. If you are interested, you can inquire about Liu Zhaobao formula online.