What are the cultivation methods and precautions of South Tianzhu?

South Tianzhu is originally a kind of plant growing in the wild, its reproductive ability and growth ability are relatively strong, can be reproduced in a variety of ways, and easy to feed.

I. the mode of reproduction of South Tianzhu

It can be propagated by sowing, cutting, ramet and grafting.

Sowing and propagation: after the fruit is ripe in autumn, it can be sown with picking, or stratified sand can be stored for sowing in the following spring. Several hides. Sprouting was accelerated by 40 ℃ of warm water before sowing, and covered with grass curtain, the seedlings grew slowly, the height of seedlings in the same year was about 5 cm, and the height of seedlings was about 50 cm after 3-4 years.

Cuttage propagation: it should be carried out in early March or during the rainy season from June to August. Select the top of 1-2-year-old stout branches, grow 15-20 cm long, insert them into a mixed sand-soil seedbed, keep them moist, and take root after 40-50 days of shade maintenance.

Ramet propagation: more than when changing pots or transplanting in spring or autumn.

In addition, excellent varieties are often propagated by grafting, with seedlings as rootstocks.

II. Matters needing attention in the maintenance of South Tianzhu

Soil: South Tianzhu cultivated soil requires fertile sandy loam with good drainage, which is suitable to use slightly acidic soil, which can be prepared according to the proportion of 5 sandy soil, 4 rotten leaf soil and 1 dung soil.

Watering: South Tianzhu watering should be dry and wet. In dry season, the soil should be watered frequently to keep the soil moist; in summer, water should be watered once a day and sprayed on the leaf surface for 2 or 3 times to keep the leaf surface moist and prevent the leaf tip from becoming scorched and damaging its appearance. Flowering should pay special attention to watering, do not make the basin soil dry, and sprinkle water on the ground to increase air humidity, in order to improve the rate of pollination. The plant is semi-dormant in winter, so don't make the pot soil too wet.

Sunshine: South Tianzhu is best maintained in semi-shady, cool and humid places. Under strong light, the stem becomes dark red, the young leaves become "burned", and the adult leaves turn red; in very shady places, the stems and thin leaves are long and the plants are loose, which is harmful to ornamental value and unfavorable to fruiting.

Temperature: the suitable growth temperature of South Tianzhu is about 20 ℃, and the suitable flowering and fruiting temperature is 24-25 ℃. The temperature requirement in winter is very strict, and the growth stops when the ambient temperature is below 8 ℃, so it should be moved into the greenhouse in winter.

Fertilization: South Tianzhu in the growing period, thin seedlings about half a month to apply thin fertilizer (it is appropriate to apply phosphorus-rich organic fertilizer). Adult plants are applied dry fertilizer three times a year, respectively in May, August and October, and the third time should be fertilized when moving into the room for overwintering. The fertilizer can be fully fermented cake fertilizer and sesame sauce residue. Generally speaking, the amount of fertilizer application should be less in the first and second times, and the amount can be increased in the third time.

Pruning: the shape of the South Tianzhu tree is mainly natural tufted. After fruit viewing and before bud germination at the end of March of the next year, 7-11 strong branches were selected as main branches according to the crown width, and the rest of withered branches, cross branches, thin and weak branches, disease and insect branches, concurrent branches, overdense branches and basal sprouting were cut off to keep ventilated and transparent. Cut off the dried inflorescence after falling fruit. The growth of the main branches of South Tianzhu is easy to cause lodging, so it should be retracted and pruned to promote branch growth. The retraction should be pruned where there are branches, and when there is no branch, the extroverted buds under the cut should be retained to promote the growth of branches.

Diseases and insect pests: South Tianzhu is prone to erythema, anthrax, insect pests are mainly inchworm. Before the occurrence of spring erythema, spray 70% methyl topiramate wettable powder 800 / 1000 times, or 70% mancozeb 500 times, once every 10: 15 days, 2 times in a row. Anthracnose was sprayed with 50% topiramine wettable powder 400 times 500 times during the onset period, once every 10 to 15 days, for three consecutive times. When the occurrence of inchworm is serious, pupae can be artificially dug in early spring or late autumn, or black light can be used to trap and kill adults or spray cypermethrin or 90% trichlorfon 300 times before the 4th instar of larvae.

Because South Tianzhu itself is toxic, there will be general excitement, pulse instability, muscle spasm and other symptoms after accidental ingestion, so in the process of breeding, we must be careful.