Culture methods and matters needing attention of daffodils

Daffodils, also known as Bingxian, garlic, scallions, Lilan, jade linglong, snow flowers and so on. The ancients were also named after legends, such as actresses, Xiangnu, Lingboxianzi and so on. Daffodil is a perennial bulb flower of the genus Narcissus of Amaryllidaceae. The underground bulb is oval and shaped like garlic, which is called peeled bulb flower in botany. The bulb is surrounded by a layer of brown membranous scale leaves (bracts) outside the stem. The plant height is 25cm to 45cm. Leaves clustered from the top of the bulb, narrow and flattened, some called banded leaves, apex slightly obtuse, entire, veins parallel.

The leaf blade is about 30cm long and 1.8cm wide. From December to January of the following year, there were 5 scapes per bulb of Zhangzhou daffodils, with a maximum of 6 scape. Scape erect, hollow in the middle, flattened unbranched, higher than leaf scape, apical bearing membranous bracts, with several buds in it, arranged in umbels, with 8 flowers per scape well cultivated. Here is a detailed introduction to how to raise daffodils:

1. Soil selection for Narcissus Culture

Narcissus has strong adaptability to soil, except heavy clayey soil and sand and gravel correction can grow, but most like the soil with loose texture, good structure and strong water retention. Alluvial soil and other soils rich in organic matter and good drainage can be planted.

Daffodils like sandy loam with loose texture, good structure and strong water retention. Light soil, alluvial soil and other soils rich in organic matter and good drainage can also be used. The daffodil producing areas of Chongming Island in Jiangsu Province and Zhangzhou in Fujian Province, located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Hanjiang River Basin in Fujian Province, are alluvial light clayey sandy loam with good structure, loose and permeable, fertile soil and deep soil layer, which is the most suitable for the growth and cultivation of daffodils.

two。 Fertilization methods for daffodil culture

The nutrients in the bulb of Narcissus are almost depleted after budding, so it is necessary to apply fertilizer properly in the later stage of growth. Starting from the pregnant bud, apply a small amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the basin (0.5 grams each time) or spray the foliar surface with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate when changing water. Adding 0.3 mg aspirin 1 tablet or oryzanol 1 tablet to the daffodil pot can also prolong the flowering period and delay the flower withering.

3. Watering method of daffodil culture

Daffodils require more water than ordinary plants. There is not much water needed in the initial stage of the bulb, as long as the soil is moist. In the peak period of growth and development, various organs are rapidly developed and enriched, requiring a large amount of water and fertilizer, which must be replenished in time. In the mature stage, the metabolic activity weakens, and the need for water decreases accordingly, until it stops completely. Daffodils belong to the wet type, and the water requirements are different in different development stages. The initial water requirement of bulb planting is small, as long as the soil is moist. In the period of vigorous growth and development, there is a large water demand, which must be replenished in time and should be irrigated frequently. The metabolic activity weakens again in the mature stage, and the requirement for water is reduced accordingly.

4. Light requirements of daffodil culture

Daffodils are bulbous plants with short days, as long as they have 10 hours of light every day. In the growth stage, like more light, sufficient light is conducive to the assimilation of plants to accumulate nutrients. During autumn and winter, it is generally sunny, the days are short and the nights are long, and the daffodils can pass through the lighting stage smoothly. During autumn and winter in Fujian, sunny days, short days and long nights, and cool temperatures are the most suitable for growth.

5. Temperature requirements for daffodil culture

Daffodils like cool in the early stage of growth, warm in the later stage, hardy in the middle stage, but should not have drastic temperature difference. According to the observation of the producing area, when the temperature is 1723 ℃ and the humidity is 7080%, the bulb is most suitable for bulb growth and expansion.

6. Control of diseases and insect pests in daffodil culture

Narcissus bulb basal rot: the bulb shows dark brown rot after the bulb is damaged, and in severe cases the whole bulb decays. The control method is to soak the bulb with 25% carbendazim 500 times solution for 15 minutes for 30 minutes before planting, and irrigate the roots with 800 times solution of carbendazim. Narcissus stem nematode disease: the yellow-brown mosaic stripes appear on the leaves and flower stems after the disease, and finally the epidermis breaks and the leaves wither. Prevention and control methods, sowing balls can be dipped with 40% formaldehyde 120 times.

7. Matters needing attention in daffodil culture

The main results are as follows: (1) the daffodil is more hardy, so it is called "flower in snow". The critical value of cold tolerance is-3 ℃, and frostbite occurs at the leaf tip when it reaches-3.5 ℃.

(2) in order to maintain a suitable temperature, light can be used to adjust. It is best to have a few hours of light every day (to prevent sunburn, the roots can be covered with a layer of cotton) to promote good growth. If you encounter severe cold and the temperature is very low, you can take a plastic bag with the mouth of the bag facing up, put the daffodils in the basin (put an appropriate amount of water in the basin), then blow air to the plastic bag, and tie the mouth of the bag tightly after enough to form a small miniature greenhouse to resist the cold wave. Methods such as changing temperature water can also be used to increase the temperature.

(3) in the process of culture, attention should be paid to changing water frequently, especially when the night temperature is above 10 ℃, so as to prevent root damage due to the deterioration of water quality.

(4) controlling the flowering time. Under the condition of sufficient light and clean water supply, it takes about 40 days from soaking to flowering when the indoor temperature is 12: 15 ℃, about 30 days at 18 ℃, and only 25 days when the room temperature is 20 ℃. You don't need any flower fertilizer to raise daffodils, just use clean water.

8. Breeding methods of Narcissus Culture

The commercial production of daffodils can be propagated in a large area by sowing. However, the general family breeding, mainly using the most common bulb division method for asexual reproduction.

(1) sowing and reproduction

The daffodils that bloom in early spring can bear fruit by artificial pollination and can be sown and propagated after ripening and storing to the middle of September. The nursery bed can be made with a large diameter earthen pottery flowerpot or a wooden box seedbed. The matrix can be used 5 parts of sandy vegetable garden soil and 5 parts of forest rotten leaf soil, which can be fully exposed and screened. Before use, the method of high temperature sterilization can be used and loaded into the seedbed after treatment.

The nursery bed can be scraped and compacted with a wooden board, and then the seeds can be evenly sowed in the seedbed, covered with fine sand, soaked in the basin, poured through the water, and covered with a piece of white glass on the seedbed to keep the soil absolutely moist and temporarily placed in a cool and ventilated place. Spray water every two days, and after the seeds germinate, remove the mulch and shine more sunlight to make it exuberant in photosynthesis and promote the growth of seedlings. When the seedlings grow out of 1 or 2 true leaves, the seedlings should be separated and planted with culture soil to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water. from June to July of the next year, the aboveground parts will die and the roots will form small bulbs, which can not come out of the seedbed and can be taken out in autumn for open transplantation. in this way, it can blossom after repeated pot-turning and soil-changing cultivation for 3-4 years.

(2) bulbous propagation

The daffodil has strong germination and is a mature bulb. There are many foot buds on both sides every year, and after a period of growth, these foot buds can grow into small bulbs. When the flowers and leaves withered from June to July, the bulbs were dug up, dried in the sun for 2 to 3 days, and stored in a cool, ventilated and dry place. Daffodils are planted with bulbs in autumn, and the planting time is before and after the Beginning of Autumn to Frosts Descent. The bulbs in the Yangtze River basin and its southern areas are mostly cultivated in the first and middle of October. Large-area cultivation is mostly carried out in the open field seedbed, with a row spacing of 15 cm, a plant spacing of 8 cm, and a soil covering of less than 10 cm. Seedlings can emerge within 20 to 30 days after cultivation, and mature organic liquid fertilizer is applied every half a month with a concentration of 1, 6, 7, 8, 1, 10, 1, 8, 1, 10.

Strengthen field management, weed and fertilize, and keep the soil moist. The seedlings cultivated with bulbs grow rapidly and grow luxuriantly. After the next full festival, dig up the scales again, dry them in a cool, ventilated and dry place, make them fully dormant, and cultivate them in the open field again before and after Frosts Descent. In this way, after continuous cultivation for 3 years, when the bulb grows to 4cm in size, it can be planted in a purple sand flowerpot and blossom and watch.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of daffodils

Narcissus has been cultivated for more than a thousand years, and the fragrant daffodils have a very good ornamental value. Today we will take a look at the breeding methods and points for attention of daffodils.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of daffodils

I. cultivation of daffodils

Daffodils are suitable for cultivation in August and September. Make sure that the soil is ploughed loose before planting. Soft soil can help improve fertility and air permeability, and daffodils are more favorable for later cultivation. The permeability of the soil is better, and it can also be more conducive to the absorption of nutrients and nutrients.

Second, the culture method of daffodils-- fertilization.

Daffodils need organic fertilizer, and it is more appropriate to use some calcium phosphate as fertilizer. The amount of fertilizer used for annual daffodils can be reduced to 10 kg per mu. Fertilize evenly so that the soil can absorb nutrients evenly. Keep the bottom of the ditch smooth per mu so that the water can flow smoothly.

Third, the culture method of daffodils-irrigation

Daffodils need to keep a current in the canal, the size of which is related to the growth stage and season. There is more water in the north and less water in the southwest. The amount of water can be increased in cold weather and reduced in warm weather. The amount of water should be changed on rainy days or sunny days.

Fourth, the culture method of daffodils-- topdressing

Daffodils like fertilizers and can use some fertilizers as soon as they sprout. After that, you can apply fertilizer every seven days or so in the process of growing.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of daffodils

Daffodils like warm, moist and well drained. It has been cultivated in China for more than a thousand years. It is a traditional ornamental flower and is one of the top ten famous flowers in China. Today, let's learn about the breeding methods of daffodils. . Cultivation techniques of daffodils what are the culture methods of daffodils? The daffodil culture method ploughs the land from August to September, then leaves the field unirrigated, soaks the field for 1-2 weeks, and drains the water. Then ploughed 5-6 times at a depth of more than 35 cm, making the underlying soil mature and soft, so as to improve fertility, reduce diseases, insect pests and weeds, and increase soil permeability. Daffodils need a lot of organic fertilizer as base fertilizer. 3-year-old cultivation, the need for organic fertilizer 5000-10, 000 kg per mu, properly mixed with some calcium superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, about 20-50 kg, 2-year-old cultivation fertilizer can be halved, 1-year-old cultivation can be more reduced. These fertilizers should be turned into the soil several times to make the soil loose and the fertilizer uniform, and then flatten the soil surface into a border with a width of 120 cm and a height of 40 cm, with a ditch width of about 35-40 cm. The surface of the border should be neat and loose, and the bottom of the ditch should be smooth, solid and slightly inclined to make the water flow smoothly. . The cultivation method of daffodils: there is often running water in irrigation ditches, and the depth of water is related to the growing period, season and weather. Florists have the principle of "more water in the north, less water in the southwest, drainage in rainy days, and water conservation in sunny days". In general, when the weather is cold, the water should be deep; when the day is warm, the water should be shallow; in the early growth stage, the water depth should be maintained at 5 points of the height of the border, making the water close to the base of the bulb. In late February, the plant has been tall, the water level can be slightly reduced, and the water depth in sunny days is 1 > 3 of the height of the border. In case of rainy days, the water level should be lowered so that the bulbs will not be flooded. From late April to May, the dam should be completely removed and the ditch water should be drained until the ball is dug. The culture method of daffodils: topdressing daffodils is good. Topdressing began after germination, 3-year-old cultivation, topdressing should be applied frequently, applied once every 7 days, 2-year-old cultivation, once every 10 days, 1-year-old cultivation once a month. It is cold in Shanghai. In order to improve the cold tolerance of Narcissus, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied once before winter. Stop fertilizing in January, continue topdressing from late February to mid-April, mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and stop fertilizing and drying the field in May. . The culture method of daffodils: when peeling buds and picking flowers to castrate bulbs, if there are terminal lateral buds sprouting, they should pull out buds 1 or 2 times as early as possible to make up for the endless disadvantages of castration. Daffodils planted in the field bloom in late December-March, in order to concentrate nutrients on the growth of bulbs, flowers should be picked. In order to make full use of the flowers, they can be cut and sold as cut flowers when the stem of the flower is extended to 20 cm. The culture method of daffodils: although the daffodils are resistant to a certain low temperature, they are also afraid of thick frost and cold. Occasionally, when there is a thick frost, spray water to wash the frost before sunrise, so as not to harm the daffodil leaves. For weather below-2 ℃, cold protection measures should be taken. Wind barriers can be planted in warmer areas, and thin films can be used in Shanghai to prevent the daffodils from getting cold. . The editor concludes that daffodils in the living room can make people feel quiet and warm. The living room is a place for family reunion and reception, suitable for choosing gorgeous flower arrangement and noble and generous daffodils, which can absorb the noise emitted by the home, absorb the exhaust gas from the home, and release fresh air. Today, the editor's introduction to the breeding methods of daffodils is over. Thank you for your appreciation.