Culture methods and matters needing attention of sword orchid

Sword orchid, native to tropical Africa and the Mediterranean, is a perennial deciduous bulbous herb. Underground with oblate bulbs, covered with brown solid fibrous membranous exocarp. The longer the cultivation time is, the bigger the bulb is and the flatter it is, and the diameter of the bulb can reach 5-9 cm. Plant height to 70-150 cm, stem stout and erect, unbranched, or rarely branched.

Sword orchid leaves are sword-shaped, thick leathery, clasping each other from the bulb, each clump of leaves 7-8, about 30-40 cm long and 4-5 cm wide. Scape emerges from the foliage and rises above the foliage. Spikes have 12 to 24 flowers, usually arranged in two rows, lateral to one side, rarely with flowers on two or four sides. Here is a detailed introduction to how to grow sword orchids:

1. Soil selection of sword orchid culture

It grows well on sandy loam with deep, loose and fertile slightly acidic soil (pH value 5.5-6.5), and the soil is required to be moist during the growth period.

two。 Fertilization method of sword orchid culture

Sword orchid is a fertilizer-loving flower, so we should pay attention to timely fertilization after planting. Generally, the manure and urine of mature people at 4:6 can be applied 3 or 4 times a month. Fertilization should pay attention to not too much nitrogen fertilizer, and appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to enhance flower bud differentiation and bulb nutrition. After flowering, calcium superphosphate extract was used as topdressing to promote the growth and enrichment of new corms.

Sword orchid should be fertilized at least three times during the growing period. The first time after the expansion of 2 leaves; the second at the 4-leaf stage; the third after anthesis. It is necessary to apply more phosphorus and potash fertilizer and less nitrogen fertilizer to avoid lodging. After flowering, when the leaves are withered and yellowed at least 3 times after flowering, they should be dried in the sun. Then store it in a low temperature and dry place.

3. Watering method of sword orchid culture

Before emergence, the sword orchid should be irrigated every 10 days. Do not dry out after the seedlings come out, otherwise the leaf tip will turn yellow easily. After the appearance of scape, it can not be affected by drought. Yuanyuan in summer should be irrigated once every 4 days. Irrigation should be stopped after flowering to prolong the flowering period.

Sword orchid watering to grasp the weight, too much water is easy to cause root rot, lack of water often cause scape wilting and drooping, and still can not recover after watering and bend into a "zigzag" shape, affecting beauty.

4. Temperature requirements of sword orchid culture

Sword orchid like warm, humid climate, avoid high temperature and heat, not cold-resistant, the most suitable temperature for growth is 20-25 ℃. When the soil temperature was higher than 5 ℃ in early spring, the corm could sprout, and the growth was inhibited when the temperature was higher than 35 ℃ in summer.

Generally speaking, sword orchid can blossom about 3 months after planting, but the cultivation cycle is greatly affected by the temperature in the growing period. The higher the temperature in the growing period, the shorter the cultivation cycle. For example, when the average temperature in the growing period is 12 ℃, it takes 110 to 120 days from planting to flowering, 90 to 100 days when the average temperature reaches 15 ℃, 70 days to 80 days at 20 ℃, and only 60 days to 70 days when the average temperature reaches 25 ℃.

5. Light requirements of sword orchid culture

Sword orchid adapts to the sunny and fully illuminated environment. Sword orchid is a typical long-sunshine plant, which can carry out flower bud differentiation only under the condition of light for more than 14 hours. After flower bud differentiation, short-day light can promote flower bud growth and early flowering. Generally, it takes about 70 to 75 days from bulb planting to flowering, depending on the variety, and a few varieties last more than 80 days.

6. Matters needing attention in sword orchid culture

The main results are as follows: (1) the corm of sword orchid is harvested and stored after the inflorescence is picked, the underground corm grows rapidly and can be excavated and harvested in about 45 days, when the leaves begin to wither and can not be delayed, because after all the leaves are yellow and withered, all the bulbs around the bulb will fall off, which is disadvantageous to harvest. Don't cut off the leaves before digging. After digging, you can tie up or spread out to dry, and then take the ball for storage. Planting balls should be spread thinly on indoor multi-storey shelves, requiring ventilation and dryness to prevent frost damage.

(2) the optimum temperature for the growth and development of sword orchid is generally no more than 27 ℃, so we should pay attention to ventilation and shading at high temperature in summer to avoid senescence and degradation of plant growth caused by high temperature.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of sword orchid

I. Culture methods and matters needing attention of sword orchid-soil

The soil for planting sword orchid needs to be relatively loose. After mixing the rotten leaf soil with the garden soil, add some calcium phosphate, and then dry the soil and prepare to pot it. First, disinfect the basin, then add the mixed soil, and wait until the plant grows up before moving the basin. Sword orchid is a kind of ball plant. After changing pots, the ball should expose more than half of the soil to prevent it from blooming because of damp mildew.

II. Culture methods and matters needing attention of sword orchid-- moving basin

When the sword orchid begins to grow leaves, you can consider moving the pot, and if you wait for the leaves to slowly grow about 4 pieces, you can transplant this seed ball into a larger basin. When changing the basin, you can choose June, when the problem is more appropriate, when the summer temperature is high, it is suitable for cyclamen to move the basin.

III. Culture methods and matters needing attention of sword orchid-fertilization

Sword orchids can be watered and fertilized during planting, and if the leaves start to turn yellow, put them in a cooler and more ventilated environment. Sword orchid is suitable for cool growing environment, and is more suitable for growing sword orchid in autumn.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of sword orchid

This article is mainly about the cultivation methods and matters needing attention of sword orchids. First of all, we need to tell flower friends that the scientific name of sword orchids is Gladiolus, because flowers and plants are commonly known as repetitive, so when reading this article, the first thing is to check whether the sword orchid you need to know is Gladiolus (there are illustrations in the article).

I. the culture method of sword orchid

First briefly summarize the cultivation methods of sword orchid, and then according to the soil, environment, watering and so on one by one, the cultivation of sword orchid is actually very simple, as long as there is a suitable growth time of 4-5 months, it can be planted. Sword orchid from planting bulbs to flowering about 60-120 days (different varieties vary in flowering time).

The main results are as follows: 1) planting time: the best planting time in China is spring, when the average temperature is above 20 ℃.

2) planting depth: the best covering depth of sword orchid is about 10 cm.

3) planting environment: whether potted or planted on the ground, adequate light is essential. If there is no good lighting condition, give up planting sword orchid.

4) soil: it is better to use sandy soil with good drainage, of course, other soils are also available, as long as it can be drained for a long time, because sword orchid is not resistant to waterlogging and is easy to rot, so the drainage of basin soil is particularly important.

5) watering: as a whole, less watering is better, usually the soil is slightly dry, it is not suitable to keep the soil moist for a long time, the reason can refer to Article 4).

The picture is from online flower friends.

II. Matters needing attention in sword orchid culture

1) Light: long sunshine is needed to maintain the environment before flower bud differentiation, which is beneficial to the flower bud differentiation of sword orchid. Insufficient light will reduce the number of flowers. When the flower bud differentiation is finished, short-day sunshine will contribute to the formation of flower buds and early flowering.

2) temperature: sword orchid likes warmth, avoid muggy heat, and is not resistant to cold, so it is important to maintain the temperature of the environment.

3) planting time: sword orchid is suitable for planting in spring, and some flower friends can't help planting in autumn. Because sword orchid has the habit of dormancy in winter, most of the sword orchids planted in autumn wither before they bloom.

4) Anti-rot ball: if the soil is moist for a long time, for example, if the ground is planted in overcast and rain for many days, the ball may rot if the pot is watered too much, the drainage of the basin soil is not good and the ball is easy to rot.