Selection of flowerpot and soil for cultivation of Cymbidium

When cultivating Cymbidium, a deep tube flowerpot with appropriate diameter should be selected according to the size of the plant, so as to facilitate the extension of fleshy roots. The gentleman orchid basin had better be specially made, its basin wall is very thin, the drainage hole of the basin bottom is also very large, the height is equivalent to 2 times of the caliber, the ventilation and water permeability is extremely good, the use of this kind of flowerpot generally will not rot the root. Never use porcelain pots, purple sand pots and plastic pots.

The cultivation soil for the cultivation of Cymbidium can be purchased directly from the market or prepared by itself. When in use, it is best to press 70% 80% rotten leaf soil to mix 20% after sieving. 30% of the river sand is evenly mixed to form culture soil. When the above soil materials are not available, they can be prepared by themselves according to the local raw materials and soil conditions. For example, the nutrient soil commonly used in parks in Changchun is prepared by artificial fully fermented horse dung soil and river sand.

No matter what kind of soil is used as raw material, the pH of the mixed culture soil should be 6.5-6.8.

Techniques of watering, flower type culture and soil exchange of Cymbidium cultured

How do you water the magnolia? How to cultivate the flower pattern? How to change the soil?

How to water the magnolia

The general watering principle of gentleman orchid is "see wet see dry, do not dry do not water, dry thoroughly". Watering thoroughly is to keep all the roots of the orchid in the same humidity. Judging whether the water is thoroughly watered or not can not be determined only according to whether there is water flowing out from the bottom of the basin. Because sometimes the basin soil hardens and shrinks into a ball after drying, and after watering, water flows quickly from the basin wall to the basin bottom and out from the bottom hole. The central part of the basin soil does not even touch a little water. If you stop watering at this time, it will wilt the leaves of Magnolia and form an arrow when it is running.

Cymbidium is suitable for indoor culture, which is mainly determined by its internal structure and physiological function. Water is an important part of Cymbidium. According to the determination, 60% of the moisture in the orchid body is 80% of the moisture, especially its fleshy roots have a strong water storage function and strong resistance to drought. Gentleman orchid likes neutral water, clean and pollution-free tap water, well water, river water and so on can be used for watering, but because the water temperature of fresh tap water and well water is lower than the soil temperature and contains some impurities, it should be placed for 1-2 days before use.

The best way for a gentleman's orchid seedling is to spray it with a sprinkler. Spray the nozzle up to the leaf, which has the advantage of not only watering the flowers, but also washing dust, leaving fog beads on the leaf surface to ensure a certain humidity on the leaf surface, and water evaporation in the sun can reduce the leaf surface temperature and prevent sunburn. But the flowering magnolia can not be watered by sprinkler irrigation to waterproof into the leaf sheath resulting in rotten heart, for the flowering magnolia can only be irrigated into the basin.

How to cultivate a gentleman orchid with high ornamental value

Magnolia is a humid plant, which requires high humidity of the growing environment. Its most suitable humidity range is 70%, 80%. The magnolia growing in such an environment has green leaves, clear veins, short, wide, neat leaves and high ornamental value. However, due to the limitations of the home environment, it is difficult for ordinary families to meet this standard. This is also the main reason why many people can not raise gentleman orchids well. The sunshine plants of the genus Cymbidium are not strict in light requirements, as long as the temperature is suitable, the light time is longer or shorter can blossom normally, and short-day sunshine in winter and spring is more conducive to flowering. Good lighting is an important condition to ensure the bright color of gentleman orchids. But it still likes the weak light, especially the strong light.

The leaves of Cymbidium have phototaxis, and if they are placed indoors for a long time, the leaves must be deflected in the direction of the sun. As far as its plant shape is concerned, it is difficult to look sideways at a line and look squarely at the ornamental effect of opening a fan.

The arrangement of the gentleman orchid must be in the north-south direction, not in the north-south direction. What if the leaves grow too long? You can pull the two leaves together and clip them up later, and you can use a playing card to surround them so that they don't hurt the leaves. Normally, the leaves will be corrected in 15-20 days.

Requirements for soil and soil exchange of Cymbidium

The sturdy fleshy roots of Cymbidium not only store enough water, but also put forward higher requirements for the soil on which they live. Only the nutritious soil with good permeability, loose texture and rich humus is suitable for the growth of fleshy roots of Cymbidium.

Rotten leaves or pine hairs must be fermented before they can be used. Without fermentation, it is easy to burn the roots. The magnolia must change the soil once a year. At the same time, the gentleman orchid has deep roots and large leaves, so we should also pay attention to replenishing it in time. The nutritional elements needed by Magnolia mainly come from organic fertilizers, such as bean cake, peanut cruller, animal offal and so on. Under normal circumstances, it can be applied in spring and autumn within a year. In spring, it was applied once in late April and early May after flowering, and again from mid-September to late October after fruit harvest in autumn.

The time and times of toppling and changing soil of Cymbidium depends on the size and season of the seedlings. Like these grown-up orchids, they have to change their soil once a year. The best time to change soil is in spring and autumn, because the orchid grows vigorously at this time and will not affect the growth of the plant. Take out the magnolia from the basin, cut off the rotten roots and the old roots without absorptive capacity, and remove the waste soil.

Cover the drainage hole of the flowerpot with broken pieces, fill it with 2-5 cm thick nutritious soil, grab a handful of soil to add to the inside of the root, and then put the plant in the pot. When filling the nutrient soil into the pot to half the height of the pot, gently press down with your hand along the edge of the pot, so that the roots stand in the basin and are not easy to bend. The key point of soil replacement is to fill the roots with soil. Otherwise, there is no soil in the root, water and nutrients can not reach the root, which is easy to cause rotten root and arrow entrapment. After changing the nutritious soil, pour water thoroughly.

The conclusion of the editor is that Magnolia is native to the mountain forests of South Africa, where the natural environment is like spring all the year round, and the organs of the plants have adapted to this lukewarm natural environment. Therefore, in the daily maintenance process, the temperature should be controlled between 15-25 degrees. When the temperature drops below 10 degrees, the growth and development of Magnolia is slow, when it falls below 0 degrees, it will freeze to death. Similarly, when the temperature reaches or exceeds 30 degrees, it will seriously affect the normal growth and development of Magnolia.

Magnolia is an evergreen perennial herb with strong shade tolerance and thick, dark green leaves. Mesophyll contains a lot of chlorophyll, which can absorb carbon dioxide and water in sunlight, synthesize organic matter for its own growth and development, and release oxygen at the same time. In addition, the broad and thick leaves of Cymbidium grow many pores and villi, which can secrete a lot of mucus, and in the process of gas exchange, they can absorb a large amount of dust, dust and harmful gases in the room, making the indoor air clean. Therefore, Cymbidium is also known as "absorption machine" and "dust collector", the protector of human health.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of Cymbidium

Magnolia, also known as Magnolia, is a perennial evergreen herbaceous flower of Amaryllidaceae. Originally from South Africa. The big flower gentleman orchid leaf color is thick green bright, the flower is large and gorgeous, the plant is dignified and beautiful, enough fine flowers, leaves and potted flowers, can also be used as cut flowers.

The big flower gentleman orchid fresh leaf is green, the fruit is numerous, the leaf, flower, fruit and beauty. The leaves are graceful, noble and dignified; when they bloom, the leaves are green and red, and they are graceful. Especially when it blossoms during the Spring Festival, it is deeply loved by people and becomes a good product for decorating halls, meeting rooms or decorating rooms.

The above is the basic knowledge about the orchid. Let's learn how to raise the orchid.

1. Varieties of Cymbidium

The cultivated varieties of Cymbidium are Cymbidium and Cymbidium, and there are two varieties, namely, Cymbidium and Cymbidium. In recent years, the varieties of gentleman orchids have developed rapidly, including "monks", "yellow technicians", "oil craftsmen", "flower faces", "golden orchids", "orchids", "Japanese orchids", "Anshan orchids", "Henglan", "sparrow orchids", "chimera orchids" and so on. In addition, buy gentleman orchid, should pay attention to the fleshy root to be fresh, no dry, rot, injury, stains symptoms, leaves without disease spot, macula. After buying, scrub the dust on the leaves, smear the injured roots with sulfur powder, then soak in 0.1% potassium permanganate for 20 minutes for 30 minutes, and the roots face outward, and the leaves are wrapped in newspapers and exposed to the sun for 0.5 hours.

2. Flowerpot selection of Magnolia

Gentleman orchid basin to choose water permeability, good permeability of the mud basin, or ceramic, purple sand basin, can not use porcelain basin and plastic basin; the basin is not too large, the basin wall is not too thick, the size of the flowerpot depends on the number of leaves. 10cm pots for 2 leaves, 12cm pots for 3cm leaves, 20cm pots for 6cm leaves, 26cm pots for 10cm leaves, and 30cm pots for more than 4 years old.

3. Preparation of culture soil for orchid culture.

The preparation of cultivated soil should be loose, fertile, breathable, diuretic and so on. Pot soil should be mixed with 6 parts of rotten leaf soil, 2 parts of compost soil, 1 part of slag (or river sand) and 1 part of cake fertilizer, or 7 parts of rotten leaf soil, 2 parts of river sand and 1 part of cake fertilizer.

4. the culture method of Cymbidium is on the basin.

The potting time of Magnolia should be from March to April or September to October. The substrates on the basin are coconut bran, peat, rotten leaf soil, river sand, slag, charcoal, sawdust and so on. Spread several pieces of broken pots at the bottom of the flowerpot before going on the pot, concave to the bottom, so as to facilitate courage to drain water. Put it in a shaded place for about a week after going up the pot, so that it can gradually recover its vitality. The light can be increased gradually after 1 week.

5. Watering method of Cymbidium culture.

Cymbidium has well-developed fleshy roots and can store more water, so it has a certain degree of drought resistance. During the growing period, the environment should be kept moist and watered when the surface of the basin soil is dry to prevent rotting roots. Small pots of small flowers should be watered more when the temperature is high, the ventilation is good, and the soil permeability is good, and vice versa; generally, more water is needed in seedling stage and flowering stage; less watering in autumn and winter and more watering in spring and summer. When it is hot in summer, water should be sprayed to the leaf surface and the ground every day to increase air humidity and strengthen ventilation; the basin soil should be slightly dry in winter, and watering should be controlled, but the period of flower arrow extraction in January should meet the water requirements to ensure that the flower arrow is pulled out smoothly.

6. Fertilization methods for the cultivation of Cymbidium

Gentleman orchids like to be fat, but excessive fertilization will cause rotten roots. During the growing period, thin liquid fertilizer was applied every 15 days or so, and it was better to ferment mature cake fertilizer. January is the period when flowers and arrows are drawn, and liquid fertilizer dominated by phosphorus should be applied 2 or 3 times in this period to make the flowers blossom and colorful. The growth of Cymbidium stops in the high temperature season in summer, and fertilization should be stopped.

Liquid fertilizer can be often applied in combination with watering in spring, autumn and winter, and fermented oil residue water or compound chemical fertilizer water should be applied once every 10 to 15 days. The concentration of chemical fertilizer is about 0.1%-0.3%, and the concentration of oil residue water is 15%-20%. The concentration should not be too high, otherwise it is vulnerable to fertilizer damage. In general, nitrogen-based fertilizers should be applied in autumn, such as cake fertilizer, water or chemical fertilizer, to facilitate the growth of leaves; in winter and spring, more fertilizers based on phosphorus and potassium, such as diammonium phosphate and bone meal, should be applied to facilitate the formation of leaf veins and the improvement of brightness. In addition, 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.5% calcium superphosphate can also be sprayed on the leaf surface, spraying once in about 10 days, the seedlings not only grow fast, flower buds differentiate well, but also blossom more, with large and colorful flowers.

7. Temperature requirements of Cymbidium culture

The gentleman orchid likes warmth and is afraid of the heat. The room temperature should be kept at 15: 20 ℃ during the day and 10: 15 ℃ at night in winter and spring. The temperature required for different growth stages is different. When the temperature reaches 25 ℃, the seedling emergence rate is high; when the temperature at seedling stage is 15: 18 ℃, it is favorable for squatting seedlings; the temperature at arrow stage should be higher, which can be maintained at 18: 20 ℃; when the temperature at flowering stage is about 15 ℃, the flowering period can be prolonged. The suitable temperature difference between day and night is 7: 10 ℃. When the weather is dry and hot, you should sprinkle water to the ground around the basin to humidify and cool down.

8. Lighting requirements of Cymbidium culture

Magnolia is a semi-negative flower, likes the semi-shade environment, and the light in early spring, late autumn and winter is very important to promote the flowering and fruiting of Cymbidium. The growth of Cymbidium is related to light and temperature, so it should be kept under shade in high temperature season, sufficient light is needed when the temperature is below 20 ℃ in autumn, winter and spring, shade should be slightly shaded above 20 ℃, that is, it should be shaded only at noon, when it is more than 25 ℃, it should be fully shaded and maintained in a ventilated environment.

Family potted plants should be placed indoors in a sunny place in winter, half-light in spring and autumn, and shady places in summer. If you encounter low temperature, lack of light or water imbalance before flowering, there will be a "clip arrow" phenomenon, that is, you can not draw it out, so you should take careful care before flowering.

In order to make the leaves arranged neatly and beautifully, the direction of the leaves should be parallel to the direction of light, and the pot should be turned every 7 to 10 days, and the flowerpot should be turned 180 degrees, so as to cultivate the plant into a "side-looking line, looking like a fan".

9. The flowering of the culture method of Cymbidium

The flower stalk of the orchid that has already flowered should be cut off in time to prevent the flower from consuming too much nutrients, affecting the continued flowering in the coming year. After flowering, the orchid has to change the soil once, so as to keep the potted soil loose and fertile as far as possible, so as to facilitate the extension of the roots and the growth of the plant. Cymbidium is a kind of plant that is afraid of hot and cool. In summer, it should be watered as little as possible, placed in a ventilated place, and the temperature should be kept below 30 ℃. In late summer and early autumn, normal watering and fertilization were restored in the bud stage, and more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were applied to facilitate the growth of flower buds and promote the orchid to bloom more and more.

10. Breeding methods and matters needing attention of Cymbidium

The method of ramet breeding is commonly used in Cymbidium. It is easy to produce tillers around the rhizome of Cymbidium, commonly known as "foot buds", which can be used to reproduce. The ramet time should be from March to April in spring combined with changing pots. It is appropriate to ramet when the foot bud grows to about 20 cm high, because it has formed an intact root system, grows faster after the ramet, and can blossom after 2 years.

In addition, orchids can also be propagated by sowing, but family cultivation is not commonly used. Sowing is suitable for early spring. The basin soil should be sandy loam rich in humus, and the bottom of the sowing basin should be covered with a layer of rubble to facilitate drainage. Using the method of on-demand sowing, the soil was covered by 1cm and 1.5cm after sowing, watered and placed at about 25 ℃ at room temperature to keep the basin soil moist and germinate after 35 to 45 days. After germination, properly control moisture and give sufficient light. When the seedlings grow 2 true leaves, they can be cultured in pots, and after 3-4 years of careful maintenance, they can draw arrows and blossom.

11. matters needing attention in the cultivation of Cymbidium

The magnolia enters the period of human reproductive growth at the end of autumn. The highest temperature in the daytime should be controlled below 25 ℃, and the lowest temperature at night should be kept above 15 ℃. The diurnal temperature difference of 5-10 ℃ is beneficial to the arrow of Cymbidium. The temperature is too low and the flower stem grows too slowly to form a clip arrow. After flower bud differentiation, light should be increased appropriately, and water and fertilizer must keep up. In addition to the prepared liquid fertilizer, topdressing should also be added regularly to meet the demand for phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in flowering. The fertilizer is insufficient, the flowers are few and small, and the flowers are not colorful. In addition, the lack of fertilizer is also one of the reasons for the formation of arrows. When fertilizing and watering, water should not be watered between leaves to prevent flowers and arrows from rotting. After the orchid blossoms, the flowering period can be prolonged by lowering the temperature and reducing the light.

Common problems in orchid culture:

1. What if the leaves of Cymbidium turn yellow, http://junzilan.yangzhiriji.com/yezifahuang/

2. What to do with the arrow in the orchid http://junzilan.yangzhiriji.com/jiajian/

3. What to do with the rotten roots and stems of Cymbidium http://junzilan.yangzhiriji.com/langeng/