Culture methods and matters needing attention of Chinese rose

Rose flowers like adequate sunlight, good ventilation, good drainage and sheltered environment, avoid dark environment. Proper shade is needed when it is hot in summer. When the winter temperature is lower than 5 ℃, it will go into dormancy. The summer temperature lasts more than 30 ℃, that is, it enters semi-dormancy. Can withstand low temperature of-15 ℃ and high temperature of 35 ℃. In eastern China, if properly managed, the flowering period can last from April to November. Greenhouse cultivation can even bloom all the year round. Here is a detailed introduction to how to raise rose flowers:

1. Selection of flowerpots for rose culture

The flowerpot used for cultivation had better be permeable and breathable, and the ordinary mud basin is better, with exquisite ceramic pots to increase beauty. It is best to soak the new mud basin with water before use. Fresh cuttage survival seedlings with 15 cm small flowerpot, 1-2-year-old seedlings with 18 cm 20 cm pot, and then gradually replace the large pot with the growth of the plant.

two。 Selection of potted soil for rose culture

Rose flowers like fertile and moist soil, afraid of drought and stagnant water, we must choose sandy loam with loose soil, rich organic matter, good drainage, ventilation, water conservation and fertility. The acidity and alkalinity can be planted in the range of pH 5.6 ~ 7.2, but it is better in the slightly acidic to slightly alkaline soil of 6.8 ~ 7.2. 5 parts of garden soil, 3 parts of garbage soil, 2 parts of rice chaff ash and proper amount of vegetable cake can be used in the culture soil. Or use 4 parts of horse dung, 4 parts of garden soil, 2 parts of river sand, plus a small amount of vegetable cake and bone meal.

3. Temperature requirements for rose culture

Potted rose flowers can survive the winter safely indoors. Pay attention to cooling in the hot season. The most suitable temperature for Chinese rose is 18-20 ℃, so the flowers blooming from April to May and from September to October are large, colorful and fragrant. When the temperature is more than 25 ℃, the growth rate is faster, but the flowers are not durable; in the high temperature and humid climate of more than 30 ℃, not only the flowers are small, less, light color, light fragrance, but also prone to various diseases and insect pests. Under high temperature and dry conditions, deciduous leaves will dormancy and stop growing and flowering. Above 5 ℃, it can continue to grow and blossom, but very slowly. Below 5 ℃, it stopped growing and was in a dormant state.

4. Light requirements of rose culture

Chinese rose is a positive plant, like plenty of sunshine, the daily light should not be less than 5-6 hours, otherwise the branches and leaves are weak, grow only, the flowers are bad, and the flowers are not colorful. It is generally appropriate to put it in a place with sufficient light, but if you put it on the concrete floor of a high-rise building, you should pay attention to proper shade and sun protection at noon in summer.

5. Watering method of rose culture

Rose flowers should be watered with moderate dryness and humidity. When new branches and leaves grow in March, they are watered once every two days and carried out in the morning. When forming buds in April, water them once a day. After entering the flowering period in May, the pot soil is too dry and wet, which will cause falling flowers. Generally, it will be watered once at about 8: 00 in the morning, and then irrigate an appropriate amount of water as appropriate. Grasp the principle of "no dry, no watering, watering thoroughly". The leaf surface needs to be cooled by spraying water frequently in summer.

6. Fertilization methods for rose culture

Grasp the principle of "applying thin fertilizer frequently" and avoid applying raw fertilizer and thick fertilizer. Applying a little organic fertilizer to the roots in winter can enhance the ability of overwintering cold resistance. Before sprouting in early March, high concentrations of liquid fertilizers such as mature human feces and urine, bean cakes, chicken and duck dung, fish offal and so on can be applied. When the bud is ready to bloom, add one more light liquid fertilizer. After the flower fade in summer and before the axillary bud is developed, a medium concentration of mature liquid fertilizer can be applied to promote a large number of blossoms in autumn.

Potted rose flowers can be fertilized properly, mainly cake fertilizer, 50 grams for annual plants, 70 grams for 3-year-old roses and 100 grams for 4-5-year-old roses. Thin liquid fertilizer can also be applied in the growing season, such as rotten horseshoe water, sesame paste residue water, chemical fertilizer dilute solution and so on.

7. Matters needing attention in rose culture

(1) the rose flower has strong cold tolerance and can withstand the low temperature of-10 ℃. Generally speaking, the south does not have to move indoors to survive the winter, it only needs to be placed under the eaves facing south. Don't prune after blooming in October so as not to sprout new buds. Stop applying nitrogen fertilizer, and apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to make the branches strong and full, so as to enhance cold tolerance. Do not lose water when freezing to prevent death from dry freezing.

(2) generally, when the new shoot grows to 15-20 cm, cut off the top 3 cm or so to make the lateral bud germinate. When the lateral branch grows to a certain length, it should continue to pick the heart until it reaches the required number of branches.

(3) the potted rose flower pot is easy to dry and the nutrition is easy to be lost, so the cattle should be watered and fertilized in time. It should be watered once every two or three days in spring, and then watered once a day with the rise of temperature, and should be properly watered every day in hot summer. Of course, do not make the basin stagnant water, should pay attention to drainage after heavy rain, otherwise, long-term stagnant water will cause root rot.

(4) the rose flower pot should be carried out before sprouting in early spring, using rotten sesame sauce dregs and horseshoe slices as base fertilizer, put ten balls of seedlings in the center of the basin, add soil around to 2cm or 3cm away from the basin, press the officers and soldiers, pour water thoroughly, place in a cool place, and do not move in a sunny place after a week.

8. Propagation methods of rose culture

Sexual reproduction is often used to cultivate new varieties. The method of cutting and grafting in family cultivation is simple and easy, and it is widely used.

Most of the cuttings were carried out above 15 ℃ in spring or in early summer or early autumn. In order to improve the survival rate, ring peeling can be carried out on the plant, and then the branches can be cut off after the callus is produced.

Grafting is the main means of propagation of Chinese rose. Choosing the right rootstock is the key. At present, the commonly used rootstocks are wild rose, pink rose and so on. Grafting is carried out in the dormant period, and branch grafting is often used. From December to February in the south, and before the leaf buds sprout in spring in the north. In the growing season, the management should be strengthened after bud grafting.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of Chinese rose

Flower bonsai network guide: today, flower bonsai network to share about rose breeding methods and matters needing attention of the article, how to raise rose, let's take a look.

Rose grows better in fertile clayey loam and in PH6?7, so it is appropriate to choose light clayey loam with high topography, good drainage and rich humus in open field cultivation. If the soil is too sticky or too much limestone, it is appropriate to apply more organic fertilizer to improve it. The soil of potted rose should be made of 3 parts of compost soil, 2 parts of peat soil and 5 parts of garden soil. for seedlings on the pot, one part of compost soil should be reduced and replaced by plant ash.

Planting is also carried out in the first and middle of March in spring, and from late October to early January in autumn, not too late. When planted earlier in autumn, taking advantage of the gradual decrease of air temperature while the ground temperature is still high, the root system of rose can be restored to a certain extent after planting, which is more favorable than that in spring. However, in cold areas in winter or varieties that are not cold-tolerant, it is suitable to plant in spring because of the ability of transplanting in autumn.

The row spacing and hole-digging size of the planting plants depend on the size of the seedlings planted in Germany. One-year-old seedling, row spacing is 30X45 cm, trench planting, ditch width of 30 cm, depth of 35 cm. The row spacing of big seedling is 40?50x50?70 cm, hole planting, hole diameter is cm, depth is 50 cm. At the bottom of the ditch or hole, first fill the base fertilizer 150.25% thick to cover a layer of soil, and then put the rose in the center, the interface of the grafted seedlings should be 2cm lower than the ground, and the cutting seedlings should maintain the original depth, fill to half, step on one side, and then add soil S slightly lower than the ground, that is, watering, water infiltration, sealing and culturing the remaining soil. After planting, it should be re-cut, generally leaving 3-5 branches, each with 4-7 buds.

Rose watering depends on the soil condition: it is generally dry in late spring and early summer. During the vigorous period, it should be watered every 5-10 days. Enter the rainy season, high temperature season] festival, pay attention to drainage and waterlogging prevention. After the beginning of autumn, it is the peak of rose growth, but if the soil moisture is better, the topsoil can not be dry or irrigated.

Rose like fat, at the same time blooming constantly, need more fertilizer hinge, should be replenished in time. The liquid fertilizer was irrigated twice 10 days before sprouting in spring, and the fertilizer was not thick. From now on, liquid fertilizer will be irrigated every half a month. Fertilization was stopped during the high temperature period from July to August. Liquid fertilizer can be diluted human and animal feces and urine, and can be used alternately with chemical fertilizer. In autumn, only four plants were ditched and filled with organic fertilizer mixed with compost, cake fertilizer and bone meal.

Cut off the sprouting branches of the grafted rootstocks, cut off the residual flowers and remove the excess buds with leaves after flowering. After the first batch of flowers, the thin flower branches should be cut off from the base, and the rest of the stout flower branches should be cut off with 2-3 leaves with residual flowers. After the second batch of flowers, the method of thinning weak branches and leaving strong shoots and strong buds can still be adopted to repair the situation.

Winter pruning varies with variety and cultivation purpose. When pruning, we should not only choose the remaining branches, but also pay attention to the evenness of the plants; the big flower varieties should keep 4-6 strong branches, and each branch should choose a lateral strong bud at 30-45 cm to cut off its upper branches; for vine and vine varieties, it is necessary to remove the old branches, cut off the weak branches, disease and insect branches and culture trunk.

The main diseases of rose are powdery mildew and black spot. The control methods were as follows: remove the litter in the garden in winter, spray topazine 800 times or 0.3 degree stone sulfur mixture I times every half month after germination, and spray it for 3 times. .

The common pests of rose are aphids, red spiders, whitefly, beetles and drillers. The first three kinds can be sprayed with 1500 times of dimethoate or 800x of malathion or 2000 times of carbofuran, and beetles should also be artificially killed in the evening. The heart-drilling worm can cut off the killed Hu branches and burn them or kill the larvae.

Potted roses should first choose varieties with many flowers and strong aroma, such as rumba, wish, independence, spring, circus, nightclub, perfect, Zhu Mo Shuanghui, too armpit, masquerade ball, small colorful and so on. Flowerpots are selected according to plant size. Small pots of 8cm to 10cm can be used for survival, while grafted seedlings are suitable for pots with a caliber of 15cm, and then gradually replaced into large pots of 25cm and 30cm. When putting on the basin, in addition to covering the drainage hole with tiles, the bottom can first fill a layer of coarse sand or pebbles, then put basin soil and base fertilizer, and then wrap a layer of basin soil on the base fertilizer, put it into the plant, fill the soil compacted, pour through water, and put it in the leeward place.

Before the sprouting and growth of the plant, the pot soil remains moist and does not dry or water. After sprouting, the watering times were gradually increased, and once in the morning and evening every day in summer. During the growing period, liquid fertilizer should be applied twice a month, and fertilizer should be light, and fertilization should be stopped in the middle of October.

Winter pruning of potted rose is more important than that of open-field rose, except for thin and weak branches, all strong branches are only 3-5 cm cut off from the base. In this way, not only its height can be controlled, but also because of heavy cutting, neat sprouting, new branch growth, flower size, opening period and so on. In addition to thinning the weak branches at the base during the growing period, when cutting off the residual flowers after each flower, the leaves with 5 leaflets on the first branch of the flower should be cut off together.

During the overwintering of potted rose, all the pans move indoors in early winter. At general room temperature, the plant does not get full dormancy, and when the room temperature is slightly higher, it sprouts and branches: because the light intensity can not meet the requirements of normal growth, the branches and leaves are small, and some nutrients stored in the branches are consumed in vain, seriously affecting the flowering quality of the second year. For this reason, the potted rose should not be moved indoors to survive the winter, and the halo should be buried in the leeward field in the early winter. after watering once, the potted surface is covered with fallen leaves and weeds. If there is no condition to be buried in the ground, you can also trim it and put it at the foot of the leeward and sunny wall, protect the flowerpot with soil or mulch, and irrigate once every half a month or so at noon to prevent the pot soil from being too dry to damage the plant root system.

Cultivation techniques of Chinese rose

Pruning once: that is, while blooming, cut off the overdense peripheral flower branches, twigs and clump branches of potted rose in time, so as to promote the plant to produce some new vegetative branches to replace old flower branches. The specific method is: when the flowers on the flower branches wither, the 3 to 5 nodes under the flowers will be cut short, in principle, the long flower branches will be a little longer, and the short flower branches will be shorter. The main flower branch is long-cut, the lateral flower branch is cut off at the same place of the main branch, and the last flower branch on each main branch is sparse and strong, and heavy cutting is carried out to stimulate the germination of exuberant new branches on the low-node main branch.

Pick the bud once: in the rose growing period, it is necessary to wipe the bud, pick the bud, remove the disabled and other work. Wiping buds is for the buds that grow too much in spring, in addition to leaving 2 to 3 on the main branches, let nutrients be concentrated on the main branches, so that the plants grow fast, the branches are strong, and the flowers are large, plump and bright. The purpose of picking buds is to avoid too many and deformed flowers, which not only wastes nutrients, but also destroys the beauty of flowers. To remove the disabled is to cut off the flowers and the following two compound leaves in time when the flowers bloom and fail. It can remove part of the flower for a long time, which can not only concentrate the nutrition, but also prolong the florescence and open in batch.

Irrigate enough fertilizer twice: organic fertilizer plus compound fertilizer, 0.5kg compound fertilizer per load of water (15:15:15) plus retting organic fertilizer 2kg, once every half a month, and so on.

Spray three times: it is rainy season after May, black spot and powdery mildew pathogens are easy to breed, spray Bordeaux liquid or thiophanil, chlorothalonil and carbendazim in turn every 10 days.

Sprinkling water for many times to cool down: the rose is born to avoid heat, and the growth is best when the temperature is from 20 ℃ to 25 ℃. The noon temperature on sunny days in summer is mostly above 30 ℃, so spray water to cool down from 10:00 to 15 to keep the top of the rose straight and fresh.

Make up the seedbed: remove deciduous weeds and maintain the consistency of rose seedlings.

OK, the above are the breeding methods and points for attention of Chinese rose. Have you learned it? How to raise Chinese rose, the culture methods and matters needing attention of rose

Some people call the rose "queen of the flowers", others call the rose "Catharanthus roseus", but no matter what the name is, the rose can bloom softly in its own season, although the growth conditions of the rose are not very harsh, but there are many restrictions. Today, (3456.TV) the editor will share with you how to raise Chinese rose next month, how to cultivate Chinese rose and what to pay attention to:

Rose culture methods and matters needing attention: 1, temperature: sex likes warmth, afraid of heat, more hardy. The most suitable temperature for the growth of Chinese rose is 22: 25 ℃. (PS: the optimum temperature is 15: 26 ℃ during the day. 10: 15 ℃ at night).

2. Sunshine: rose flowers like an environment with plenty of sunshine, good ventilation, good drainage and shelter from the wind. Dear, remember not to raise our rose in dark and damp places! Now that we are entering the midsummer period, we should give flowers a proper shade. Otherwise the flowers in full bloom are easy to dry up.

3. Moisture: our rose flowers like to be moist (the air relative humidity should be 75%-80%). At the same time, they are tolerable for a certain degree of drought, so they are not flowers in the greenhouse.

4. Soil: the soil for planting Chinese rose should be fertile, loose and well drained. When you were a child, you often dug up the soil in spring to plant it. It felt good. It is not easy to find in the city, here to remind the children's shoes who love flowers, the soil you choose must not be that kind of caking, because the drainage is poor, you can choose slightly acidic soil rich in humus. In fact, rose flowers can adapt to the soil relatively wide.

5. Fertilization: it is the peak growing season of rose after May. Topdressing should be applied every 10 days. The rotten and fermented fish juice and vegetable leaf juice can be mixed with 3 parts of fertilizer and 7 parts of water, and the fertilization will be stopped in November.

6. Watering: for the watering of Chinese rose, we first need to know a little bit, because everyone chooses different culture conditions, such as soil quality, light, temperature and humidity, so we can irrigate according to the drying condition of potted soil when watering. My principle for watering flowers is: if you don't do it, you must water it thoroughly after it is dry.

7. Pruning: the first post-anthesis pruning should be carried out in mid-late May, and the residual flowers should be cut off in time to avoid fruiting, so as to concentrate nutrition and germinate new branches, so as to make the secondary flowers large, beautiful and strong, and to properly restrain their growth. 4-5 buds can be retained; moderately developed branches should be medium-cut, leaving 2-3 buds, and the upper part should be cut off. The weaker branches should be strongly cut, leaving only 1-2 buds to promote the germination of strong branches. In this way, due to the different degrees of pruning on different new branches, the development of plant shape will be balanced and uneven branches or excessive growth will be avoided. When pruning, it should be noted that the cut should be 0.5 cm above the bud, too high will not only affect the appearance, but also delay the germination of branches.

8. Reproduction: when I go to school, I often like to plant Chinese rose by cutting. The rose has strong vitality. It will directly pick the branches of the rose and insert it into the soil, and it will grow smoothly after a week. Here we introduce a more scientific method for you, ha: cut the cut branches into 10-15 cm branches, insert the cuttings into a nutrition bowl, or a small flowerpot, put them in a place with weak light, maintain a temperature of about 20 degrees, and wait for rooting and leaf buds to grow branches. You can change the pot and transplant.

9. Loosening soil and weeding: combined with the removal of weeds on the basin surface, fine wire rakes can be used to gently break the surface of the soil around the flowerpot to enhance the looseness and ventilation of the potted soil and promote the normal growth of the root system.

10. prevention and control of diseases and insect pests: the flowerpot placement site should often be sterilized with 15% raw lime water or carbendazim or potassium permanganate solution. The high temperature in the rainy season from July to August is the high incidence period of leaf spot and powdery mildew. Baume 0.3: 0.5 degree stone-sulfur mixture can be sprayed once a week for a total of 2 times. The larvae of longicorn beetles were found to be harmful from June to July, and the branches should be cut off immediately. Once other leaf-eating pests are found, they should be sprayed with 800 times monocrotophos, which can kill eggs and larvae.

The above are the rose culture methods and precautions shared by the editor for you. If you are a novice in rose culture, the above methods are still very useful! I hope the editor's sharing will be helpful to you.