Open-air planting schedule of common vegetables and some matters needing attention

Schedule for open-air planting of common vegetables

1. Radish can be planted all year round, but mainly in autumn and winter, the optimum temperature for seed germination, leaf growth and fleshy growth is 20-25 degrees, 15-20 degrees and 13-18 degrees respectively. (winter radish: August-September sowing October-December harvest; spring radish: late autumn and early winter sowing in February-March harvest; summer and autumn radish: spring and summer sowing, summer and autumn harvest)

2. Carrots: the suitable temperature for seed germination is 20-25 degrees. When cultivated in autumn, carrots can be sown more than 10 days earlier than white radishes.

3. Cauliflower: sowing from September to November

4. Chinese cabbage: it can be planted all year round according to different varieties, but it is usually sown from September to October. Chinese cabbage and cabbage heart: can be planted all year round according to different varieties.

5. Mustard: sown in autumn, the suitable temperature for growth is 15-20 degrees.

6. Celery: from early July to December

7. Spinach: the suitable temperature for growth is 15-20 degrees, and it can be sowed mainly in autumn from August to December.

8. Water spinach: also known as Ipomoea aquatica, which can be sown or cut as early as January-February.

9. Amaranth: suitable temperature for growth is 23-27 degrees, sowing from February to October, harvest in 30-50 days.

10. Artemisia annua: the growth temperature is about 20 degrees, and it can be cultivated in spring and autumn, but it is mainly sown in autumn from late August to October.

11. Coriander: the suitable temperature for growth is 15-20 degrees. It can be cultivated in spring and autumn, but it is mainly sown in autumn from late August to November.

12. Tomatoes: mainly planted in autumn, sown from late August to early September, and harvested from November to March of the following year

13. Eggplant: cultivated in four seasons. Spring Kandelia Candel was sown in 9-10, planted in December, harvested in April-June the following year; summer Kandelia Candel was sown in 2-3, planted in April-May, harvested in June-August; autumn Kandelia Candel was sown in 3-4, planted in April-May, harvested in July-November; winter Kandelia Candel was sown in early August, planted in December, and harvested in November-December.

14. Pepper: seedling from December to January of the following year, planting from February to March, seedling in the first ten days of August, harvest from October to February of the following year

15. Cucumber: it can be used all the year round, but it is the most suitable for spring, live broadcast from December to next January and planting in February.

16. Raw melons: including watermelons, netted melons, cantaloupes, etc., with a suitable growth temperature of 25-32 degrees, and sown in late February.

17. Cucurbit: the suitable temperature for growth is 20-25 degrees, and the seeds will be sown in February.

18. Wax gourd: live in the open field at the end of February or March; autumn wax gourd is sown in front of Lesser Heat

19. Pumpkin: similar to cucumber

20. Towel gourd and balsam pear: spring planting from February to March, sowing and raising seedlings in summer from April to May, and direct seeding in autumn from July to August.

21. Edamame bean: the suitable temperature for germination is 15-20 degrees, and the suitable temperature for growth is 20-25 degrees. If the temperature is higher than 35 degrees or less than 14 degrees, it is easy to drop flowers, which is not conducive to growth and development. Sowing according to different varieties can be sowed from July to August at the latest and harvested on September 11 at the latest.

22. Seasonal beans: spring sowing from January to March and autumn sowing from September to October.

23. Peas and Dutch beans: harvest from mid-September to December, November to March of the following year, and sow seeds in mid-late August for the purpose of harvesting tender shoots

24. Broad bean: suitable temperature for growth is 14-16 degrees, sowing in winter

25. Cowpea: cultivated in spring, summer and autumn, can be sown from late February to early September

26. Potatoes: cultivated in winter, spring and autumn, generally planted with spring potatoes, and sowed three times from late September to early February of the following year.

27. Ginger: plant from February to March, harvest tender ginger from July to 9, and continue to harvest old ginger from October to February of the following year.

28. Garlic: those who harvest garlic are sown on 9-11, and those who harvest green garlic are sown from September to January of the following year.

29. Leek: sowed on 11-12 and planted in March-April of the following year

2. points for attention:

(1) acid or alkali:

Some vegetables like to grow in acidic soil, while others like to grow in alkaline soil. Most vegetables prefer a ph of 6. 5-6. 8, that is, slightly acidic soil.

If the vegetables that like acid soil are planted in alkaline soil, it often leads to the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. And vice versa.

When growing vegetables that like alkaline soil, sprinkle some plant ash or lime powder in the soil, while when growing vegetables that like acidic soil, do not sprinkle plant ash or lime powder.

Vegetables that like acid soil (below ph6) are: potatoes, turnips, sweet potatoes, watermelons, berries (such as strawberries, etc.)

Vegetables that like alkaline soil (above ph7): broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, carrots, celery, spinach, green onions, onions, lettuce, leek, asparagus, sugar beet, cowhide, melon, papaya, okra, etc.

Vegetables that like slightly acidic and neutral soil (ph6-7): rape, cucurbitaceae vegetables, tomatoes, white radishes, beans, kale, corn, cotton, eggplant and so on.

(2) Xi Yin or Xi Yang:

Most vegetables belong to Xiyang, so we must pay attention to Xiangyang.

The most sunny vegetables are those with melons and fruits, such as corn, green peppers, watermelons, pumpkins, tomatoes, eggplants, sesame seeds, sunflowers and so on, because the fruits need enough sunshine to ripen, and they need at least eight hours of sunshine a day.

The second is those root vegetables, such as potatoes, beets, carrots, white radishes, sweet potatoes, yams and so on. They need at least half a day of sunshine. Sunshine is needed to make sugar and starch, which are stored in the roots. Taro likes sunshine, but it is more shade-resistant than other vegetables.

Leafy vegetables are not so demanding for sunshine. Among them, celery, lettuce, chrysanthemum and mint prefer shade.

(3) like dampness or endure drought:

The most wet vegetables are those that are originally aquatic plants, such as lotus root, Zizania caduciflora, taro, hollow cabbage, celery and so on.

Followed by melons and fruits vegetables, such as cucumbers, towel gourd, gourd, tomatoes and so on. Because there are many branches and leaves, and the fruit contains a lot of water, so there is a large amount of water consumption, and a lot of water is needed when flowering and fruiting, so it is necessary to water more. But unlike aquatic plants, although they like moist soil, they can't stand the roots being soaked in water. So plant it in a well-drained soil and pay attention to covering it. Among melons and fruits, pumpkins and watermelons can be considered drought-tolerant because they are deeply rooted (up to 2 meters), as long as some water is watered during flowering and fruiting.

Followed by leafy vegetables. Leafy vegetables are not resistant to drought. If they are too dry, they will become hard and tasteless.

Root vegetables such as white radishes and carrots should not be too wet or too dry.

Beans are more drought-tolerant, but they need more water when they blossom and bear fruit. Dwarf beans such as peanuts, soybeans and mung beans are very drought-tolerant. Trailing beans are not as drought-resistant as dwarf beans because they have more branches and leaves.

Particularly drought-tolerant vegetables are sweet potato, yam, sesame, sunflower and so on. Among them, sweet potato is the most resistant to drought. As long as you start to walk the vine, you don't have to water it.

(4) accompanying:

Beans, pumpkins and corn grow together, beans can use rhizobium to increase nitrogen fertilizer in the soil, pumpkins provide good mulch for corn, and corn can provide support for trailing beans.

Marigold can emit a chemical that kills nematodes, so it is a good companion for vegetables such as tomatoes and green peppers that are vulnerable to nematodes. The sweet florets of dill attract parasitic wasps, which are the natural enemies of cabbage, aphids and beetles, so they can be planted with cabbage, cabbage and cucumbers.

In addition, onions and garlic can not be grown with legumes, but can be grown with carrots. Tomatoes and potatoes should not be together.